DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Photoluminescence Study on O-plasma Treated ZnO Thin Films

  • Cho, Jaewon (Department of Electrophysics, Kwangwoon University) ;
  • Choi, Jinsung (Department of Electrophysics, Kwangwoon University) ;
  • Yu, SeGi (Department of Physics, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies) ;
  • Rhee, Seuk Joo (Department of Physics, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies)
  • Received : 2013.08.20
  • Accepted : 2013.10.16
  • Published : 2013.12.25

Abstract

A temperature dependent (10K-290K) photoluminescence (PL) study for two differently prepared ZnO thin films (as-grown and O-plasma treated) is presented. Four characteristic peaks were identified for both samples: (i) neutral donor-bound excitons ($D^oX$), (ii) two electron satellites (TES), (iii) phonon replica of $D^oX$ ($D^oX$-1LO), and (iv) donor-acceptor pair transition (DAP). As the sample temperature increased, $D^oX$-1LO and DAP transitions became indistinct. This was accompanied by newly-rising emission of free electron-acceptor transitions (e, $A^o$). The spectral evolution with temperature for as-grown samples also showed the optical emission from free excitons, which became dominant at higher temperatures. Some features related to O-plasma were identified in PL spectra: (i) different positions of TES transitions (28meV lower than $D^oX$ for as-grown samples and 35meV for O-plasma treated samples), (ii) the decrease of spectral intensity in both emissions of $D^oX$ and DAP after O-plasma treatment, and (iii) no noticeable transition from free excitons after the O-plasma treatment.

Keywords

References

  1. K. Ellmer, "Magnetron sputtering of transparent conductive zinc oxide: relation between the sputtering parameters and the electronic properties," J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 33, R17-R32 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/33/4/201
  2. D. C. Look, B. Clafin, Y. I. Alivor, and S. J. Park, "The future of ZnO light emitters," Phys. Stat. Sol. A 201, 2203-2212 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.200404803
  3. Y. R. Ryu, S. Zhu, D. C. Look, J. M. Wrobel, H. M. Jeong, and H. W. White, "Synthesis of p-type ZnO films," J. Cryst. Growth 216, 330-334 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0248(00)00437-1
  4. Y. F. Chen, D. M. Bagnall, H. Koh, K. Park, K. Hiraga, Z. Zhu, and T. Yao, "Plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy of ZnO on c-plane sapphire: Growth and characterization," J. Appl. Phys. 84, 3912-3918 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.368595
  5. W. Y. Liang and A. D. Yoffe, "Transmission spectra of ZnO single crystals," Phys. Rev. Lett. 20, 59-62 (1968). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.20.59
  6. D. C. Reynolds, D. C. Look, B. Jogai, C. W. Litton, G. Cantwell, and W. C. Harsch, "Valence-band ordering in ZnO," Phys. Rev. B 60, 2340-2344 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.60.2340
  7. D. P. Yu, Z. G. Bai, Y. Ding, Q. L. Hang, H. Z. Zhang, J. J. Wang, Y. H. Zou, W. Qian, G. C. Xiong, H. T. Zhou, and S. Q. Feng, "Nanoscale silicon wires synthesized using simple physical evaporation," Appl. Phys. Lett. 72, 3458-3460 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.121665
  8. P. Zu, Z. K. Tang, G. K. L. Wong, M. Kawasaki, A. Ohtomo, H. Koinuma, and Y. Segawa, "Ultraviolet spontaneous and stimulated emissions from ZnO microcrystallite thin films at room temperature," Solid State Commun. 103, 459-463 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0038-1098(97)00216-0
  9. D. M. Bagnall, Y. F. Chen, M. Y. Shen, Z. Zhu, T. Goto, and T. Yao, "Room temperature excitonic stimulated emission from zinc oxide epilayers grown by plasma-assisted MBE," J. Cryst. Growth 184/185, 605-609 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0248(98)80127-9
  10. U. Ozgur, Ya. I. Alicov, C. Liu, A. Teke, M. A. Reshchikov, S. Dogan, V. Avrutin, S. J. Cho, and H. Morkoc, "A comprehensive review of ZnO materials and devices," J. Appl. Phys. 98, 041301-1-041301-3 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1992666
  11. A. Kobayashi, O. F. Sankey, and J. D. Dow, "Deep energy levels of defects in the wurtzite semiconductors AlN, CdS, CdSe, ZnS, and ZnO," Phys. Rev. B 28, 946-956 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.28.946
  12. A. Teke, U. Ozgur, S. Dogan, X. Gu, H. Morkoc, B. Nemeth, J. Nause, and H. O. Everitt, "Excitonic fine structure and recombination dynamics in single-crystalline ZnO," Phys. Rev. B 70, 195207-1-195207-10 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.70.195207
  13. H. Alves, D. Pfisterer, A. Zeuner, T. Riemann, J. Christen, D. M. Hofmann, and B. K. Meyor, "Optical investigations on excitons bound to impurities and dislocations in ZnO," Optical Materials 23, 33-37 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-3467(03)00055-7
  14. D. W. Hamby, D. A. Lucca, M. J. Klopfstein, and G. Cantwell, "Temperature dependent excitation photoluminescence of bulk ZnO," J. Appl. Phys. 93, 3214-3217 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1545157
  15. L. Wang and N. C. Giles, "Temperature dependence of the free-exciton transition energy in zinc oxide by photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy," J. Appl. Phys 94, 973-978 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1586977
  16. K. Thonke, Th. Gruber, N. Teofilov, R. Schonfelder, A. Wagg, R. Sauer, "Donor-acceptor pair transitions in ZnO substrate material," Physica B 308-310, 945-948 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-4526(01)00877-8
  17. T. C. Damen, S. P. Porto, and B. Tell, "Raman effect in Zinc oxide," Phys. Rev. 142, 570-574 (1966). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.142.570
  18. J. I. Pankove, Optical Processes in Semiconductors (Dover Publications, Inc.), p. 143.
  19. K. Tamura, T. Makito, A. Tsukazaki, M. sumiya, S. Fuke, T. Furumochi, M. Lippmaa, C. H. Chia, Y. Segawa, H. Koinuma, and M. Kawasaki, "Donor-acceptor pair luminescence in nitrogen-doped ZnO films grown on lattice-matched $ScAlMgO_4$ (0001) substrates," Solid State Communications 127, 265-269 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0038-1098(03)00424-1
  20. B. K. Meyer, H. Alves, D. M. Fofmann, W. Kriegseis, D. Forster, F. Bertram, J. Christen, A. Hoffmann, M. Strassburg, M. Dworzak, U. Haboeck, and A. V. Rodina, "Bound exciton and donor-acceptor pair recombinations in ZnO," Phys. Stat. Sol. (b) 241, 231-260 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1002/pssb.200301962

Cited by

  1. PL Study on ZnO Thin Films After H-plasma Treatment vol.28, pp.1, 2015, https://doi.org/10.4313/JKEM.2015.28.1.17