• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.348-353
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• 2007

In the present study, Zr-base metallic glass (MG) and Zr-base BMG/diamond composites were fabricated using a combination of gas atomization and spark plasma sintering (SPS). The microstructure, thermal stability and mechanical property of both the specimens as atomized and sintered were investigated. The experimental results showed that the SPSed specimens could be densified into nearly 100% and maintained the initial thermal stability at the sintering temperature of 630K. In addition, MG/diamond powder composites were successfully synthesised using SPS process. The composites, even a very low diamond volume fraction, generated a significant increase in compressive strength. With increasing the diamond volume fraction, the compressive strength was also increased due to the addition of hardest diamonds. It suggests that these composites would be potential candidates for a new cutting tool material.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.323-330
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• 1989

Wear restance titanium carbonitride (TiCN) films were deposited on the SKH9 tool steels and WC-Co cutting tools by plasma assisted chemical vapor deposition (PACVD) using a gaseous mixture of TiCl4, CH4, N2, H2 and Ar. The effects of the deposition temperature and RF(Radio Frequency) power on the deposition rate, chlorine content and crystallinity of the deposited layer were studied. The experimental results showed that the stable and adherent films could be obtained above the deposition temperature of 47$0^{\circ}C$ and maximum deposition rate was obtained at 485$^{\circ}C$. The deposition rate was much affected by RF power and maximum at 40W. The crystallinity of the deposited layer was improved with increasing the deposition temperature and RF power. The TiCN films deposited by PACVD contained much chlorine. The chlorine content in the TiCN films was affected by deposition conditions and decreased with improving the crystallinity of the deposited layer. The deposited TiCN films deposited at the deposition temperature of 52$0^{\circ}C$ and RF power of 40W had an uniform surface with very fine grains of about 500$\AA$ size. The microhardness of the deposited layer was 2,300Kg/$\textrm{mm}^2$.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.549-552
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• 2021

Clinical applications of stromal cells obtained mechanically from adipose tissue are quite popular methods. However, generally accepted protocols still do not exist. In this study, three new delivery methods using different protocols are presented as innovative methods in accordance with an approach called "Indication-based protocols." In mechanical methods, before cutting the fat tissue with ultra-sharp blades, which we define as "Adinizing," mixing it with different liquids such as saline or plasma provides the stromal cells in liquid form with high number and viability as a final product. At the same time, since stromal cells and extracellular matrix are preserved by mechanical methods, it was deemed appropriate to use the term total stromal cells (TOST) instead of stromal vascular fraction for this final product, unlike the product obtained with the enzyme. TOST can be combined with plasma and used for dermal filling in "solid" form. In addition to this filling effect, it will also cause a change in the tissue regeneratively. Finally, the stromal cells obtained from liquid can be applied clinically in aerosol form with the help of nebulizer. We believe that three innovative delivery methods can be used successfully in the treatment of many clinical situations in the future.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.115-123
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• 2018

강관말뚝 두부정리 작업은 안전성, 품질의 균일성, 작업 생산성 측면에서 개선이 필요하며, 이를 개선하기 위한 자동화 및 기계화 등 대안마련이 시급한 실정이다. 본 연구의 목적은 상기 문제점을 개선할 수 있는 굴삭기 기반 강관말뚝 두부정리 및 절단 부위 핸들링 로봇의 풀스케일 프로토타입을 개발하는 것이다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 1)선행기술 분석 및 현장 전문가 설문조사, 2)AHP 분석을 활용한 핵심 요소기술 선정, 3)상세설계 도출, 4)구조적 안정성 분석, 5)풀스케일 프로토타입 개발을 수행하였다. 핵심 요소기술 선정 결과, 레이저 레벨기 및 수광기(94.46점), 강관말뚝 절단 기능에서는 플라즈마 절단(96.72점), 강관말뚝 인양 및 운반 기능에서는 회전형 그래플(93.45점)이 선정되었으며, 구조적 안정성 분석 결과, 구조적으로 가장 취약할 것으로 판단되는 3개 부재(그립부, 실린더 피벗 브라켓, 그립부 베이스)에서 최소 2배 이상의 구조적 안정성을 확보할 수 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 최종적으로 개발된 풀스케일 프로토타입은 센싱부 정확도 3.39mm, 절단부 절단 속도 1분 59초로 강관말뚝 두부정리 작업의 자동화를 위한 충분한 성능을 확보한 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구를 통해 개발된 굴삭기 기반 강관말뚝 두부정리 및 절단 부위 핸들링 로봇은 현업에서의 요구가 충분히 반영되고 기술적 타당성이 확보되었으므로 그 실용화 가능성이 높을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국표면공학회 2018년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.62-62
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• 2018

Pt is still considered as one of the most active electrocatalysts for ORR in alkaline fuel cells. However, the high cost and scarcity of Pt hamper the widespread commercialization of fuel cells. As a strong candidate for the replacement of Pt catalyst, silver (Ag) has been extensively studied due to its high activity, abundance, and low cost. Ag is more stable than Pt in the pH range of 8~14 as the equilibrium potential of Ag/Ag+ being ${\approx}200mV$ higher than that of Pt/PtO. However, Ag is the overall catalytic activity of Ag for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) is still not comparable to Pt catalyst since the surface Ag atoms are approximately 10 times less active than Pt atoms. Therefore, further enhancement in the ORR activity of Ag catalysts is necessary to be competitive with current cutting-edge Pt-based catalysts. We demonstrate the architectural design of Ag catalysts, synthesized using plasma discharge in liquid phase, for enhanced ORR kinetics in alkaline media. An attractive feature of this work is that the plasma status controlled via electric-field could form the Ag nanowires or dendrites without any chemical agents. The plasma reactor was made of a Teflon vessel with an inner diameter of 80 mm and a height of 80 mm, where a pair of tungsten(W) electrodes with a diameter of 2 mm was placed horizontally. The stock solutions were made by dissolving the 5-mM AgNO3 in DI water. For the synthesis of Agnanowires, the electricfield of 3.6kVcm-1 in a 200-ml AgNO3 aqueous solution was applied across the electrodes using a bipolar pulsed power supply(Kurita, Seisakusyo Co. Ltd). The repetition rate and pulse width were fixed at 30kHz and 2.0 us, respectively. The plasma discharge was carried out for a fixed reaction time of 60 min. In case of Ag nanodendrites, the electric field of 32kVcm-1 in a 200-ml AgNO3 aqueous solution was applied and other conditions were identical to the plasma discharge in water in terms of electrode configuration, repetition rate and discharge time. Using SEM and STEM, morphology of Ag nanowires and dendrites were investigated. With 3.6 kV/cm, Ag nanowire was obtained, while Ag dendrite was constructed with 32 kV/cm. The average diameter and legth of Ag nanowireses were 50 nm and 3.5 um, and thoes values of Ag dendrites were 40 nm and 3.0 um. As a results of XPS analysis, the surface defects in the Ag nanowires facilitated O2 incorporation into the surface region via the interaction between the oxygen and the electron cloud of the adjacent Ag atoms. The catalytic activity of Ag for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) showed that the catalytic ORR activity of Ag nanowires are much better than Ag nanodendrites, and electron transfer number of Ag nanowires is similar to that of Pt (${\approx}4$).

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.44-50
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• 2022

Transition metal carbides (TMCs) are used to process difficult-to-cut materials due to the trend of requiring superior wear and corrosion properties compared to those of cemented carbides used in the cutting industry. In this study, TMC (TiC, TaC, Mo₂C, and NbC)-based cermets were consolidated by spark plasma sintering at 1,300 ℃ (60 ℃min) with a pressure of 60 MPa with Co addition. The sintering behavior of TMCs depended exponentially on the function of the sintering exponent. The Mo₂C-6Co cermet was fully densified, with a relative density of 100.0 %. The Co-binder penetrated the hard phase (carbides) by dissolving and re-precipitating, which completely densified the material. The mechanical properties of the TMCs were determined according to their grain size and elastic modulus: TiC-6Co showed the highest hardness of 1,872.9 MPa, while NbC-6Co showed the highest fracture toughness of 10.6 MPa^*m^1/2. The strengthened grain boundaries due to high interfacial energy could cause a high elastic modules; therefore, TiC-6Co showed a value of 452 ± 12 GPa.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.339-345
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• 2012

Electrospun meshed poly-caprolactone PCL was patterned by femtosecond laser with linear grooves. As parametric variables, focus spot size, pulse energy, and scanning speed were varied to determine the affects on groove size and the characteristics of the electrospun fiber at the edges of these grooves. The femtosecond laser was seen to be an effective means for flexibly structuring the surface of ES PCL scaffolds and the width of the ablated grooves was well controlled by laser energy and focus spot size. The ablation threshold was measured to be $14.9J/cm^2$ which is a little higher than other polymers. These affects were attributed to optical multiple reflections inside nano-fibers. By the laser-induced plasma at higher pulse energies, some melting of fibers was observed.

• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국표면공학회 2016년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.107-107
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• 2016

TiCrAlSiN films were developed in order to improve the high-temperature oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance, and mechanical properties of conventional TiN films that are widely used as hard films to protect and increase the lifetime and performance of cutting tools or die molds. In this study, a nano-multilayered TiAlCrSiN film was deposited by cathodic arc plasma deposition. It displayed relatively good oxidation resistance at $700-900^{\circ}C$, owing to the formation protective oxides of $Al_2O_3$, $Cr_2O_3$, and $SiO_2$, and semiprotective $TiO_2$. At $1000^{\circ}C$, the increased temperature led to the formation of the imperfect oxide scale that consisted primarily of the outer ($TiO_2$,$Al_2O_3$)-mixed scale and inner ($TiO_2$, $Al_2O_3$, $Cr_2O_3$)-mixed scale.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2013년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.1050-1051
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• 2013

조선업종은 숙련공의 감소와 노동력 부족을 해결하기 위해 자동화와 기계화가 필요하다. 특히 조선용 핸드레일 제조공정은 표준화된 타 분야와 달리 자동화가 낙후되어 있다. 본 연구에서는 조선용 핸드레일 제작에 사용할 수 있는 평철 가공자동화시스템을 설계하였다. 시스템의 기구부는 절단공정의 효율성, 생산성, 안정성 등을 고려하여 설계하였고, CATIA 와 ANSYS를 사용하여 구조물의 안정성을 확인하였다. 시스템 제어부는 개방성과 확장성을 제공하는 PCNC 콘트롤러를 사용하였고, 터치스크린 방식의 화면 조작을 통해 시스템의 제어 및 모니터링을 할 수 있도록 구축하였다.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.75-80
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• 2021

The crystal grains of polycrystalline diamond vary depending on deposition conditions and growth thickness. The diamond thin film deposited by the CVD method has a very rough growth surface. On average, the surface roughness of a diamond thin film deposited by CVD is in the range of 1-100 um. However, the high surface roughness of diamond is unsuitable for application in industrial applications, so the surface roughness must be lowered. As the surface roughness decreases, the scattering of incident light is reduced, the heat conduction is improved, the mechanical surface friction coefficient can be lowered, and the transmittance can also be improved. In addition, diamond-coated cutting tools have the advantage of enabling ultra-precise machining. In this study, the surface roughness of diamond was improved by thermal diffusion reaction between diamond carbon atoms and ferrous metals at high temperature for diamond thin films deposited by MPCVD.