• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 1994.10a
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• pp.24-25
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• 1994

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Life Science Conference
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• 2000.09a
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• pp.35-35
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• 2000

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.204-204
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• 2017

In recent years the growth rates of world agricultural production and crop yields have slowed because of rapid urbanization but the agriculture mechanization implies the use of various power sources and improved farm tools and equipment to enhance the efficiency of utilization of various crop input. Therefore the current study was conducted to investigate the growth characteristics of seedlings treated with plant growth regulators for the production of seeds suitable for mechanical formulations of soybeans and red beans. The seeds of Uram bean and Arary red bean were sown in 128 well plug tray as the testing varieties. Three growth inhibitors such as 0.05% hexaconazole, prohexadion-calcium, and 0.1% diniconazole were treated and fifteen representative plants were collected from each treatment at 2, 5, 7, 13, 16, 17, 19, and 20 days interval after treatment. The collected plants were examined for the growth atributes such as plant height, root length, leaf area and chlorophyll. The growth promoter was treated at the 13th day after treatment with growth inhibitor and treated with 0.1% concentration of Pomina ($GA_{4+7}$ 1.8% + 6-benzylaminopurine 1.8%) and Nonaji (gibberellic acid 2% + $GA_{4+7}$ 2%). Initially the growth data was recorded to examine the effect of growth inhibitor, while after treatment with growth promoters, the growth attributes were recorded at 4th and 7th day. As a result of measuring the growth parameter of soybean, the inhibitory effect was shown in the aerobic treatment at the ground level at the 7th day after treatment. At the 4th day of growth promoting agents treatment, the stimulation effect of non - treated plants was greater than that of formalin treatments. As a result of measuring the growth attributes of red bean, In the latter part of the growth, at the 4th day after the growth promoter treatment. This study was able to confirm the effective growth regulators and treatment periods for each crop, and it was possible to control the growth of seedlings. Based on these results, it can be expected that the basis of seedling production technology of crops which is necessary for sowing and transplantation mechanization of agriculturle field can be established.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.184-191
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• 2008

This experiments were carried out to find out the effects of different explant materials, kinds and concentration of plant growth regulators, and total nitrogen and sucrose contents on the in vitro regeneration of Abeliophyllum distichum Nakai. The effects of growth regulators on regeneration from 3 explant sources (leaf, internode and node) were more or less same. Leaf explants produced only callus with 2ip (Isopentenyladenine) and NAA (Naphthaleneacetic acid) treatment and other regulators had no effects. Test with internode explants yielded about same results but callus was obtained with 2,4-D (2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid). Node explants resulted in shoot regeneration by all regulator treatment except NAA and 2,4-D, but control also showed similar results. Callus formation from internode and node explants was vigorous by 2ip, zeatin, and 2,4-D treatments and high NAA concentration resulted in higher callus formation. In this experiment, various mixed treatment of growth regulators were also employed, using node as explant material. Shoot regeneration was obtained with BA (Benzyl adenine) + NAA treatments but the results were comparable with control. Generally shoot and root regeneration was poor with all combined treatment except 2ip + NAA and 2,4-D + NAA. However, callus was formed readily with all treatments. In this experiment, combined treatments of regulators were applied on the callus derived from singular regulator treatment. The results showed no shoot and root regeneration with any combination of 2,4-D, IAA (Indoleacetic acid) and NAA, but soft milky white callus was formed in all the treatments. No shoot and root regeneration was observed with any combination of 2iP, NAA and IAA, but somewhat hard, light green callus was formed in all the treatments. Callus formation decreased with high kinetin concentration in case of kinetin + NAA treatment. The experiments with total nitrogen content of media showed that low concentrations of 15 and 30mM were effective for the shoot and root regeneration. Sucrose experiment demonstrated shoot regeneration with 1${\sim}$4% concentration, and root and callus formation with 2${\sim}$4%. No root and callus formation was observed with 0 and 1% sucrose.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Environment and Ecology Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.82-84
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• 2008

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.161-167
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• 2005

Brassinosteroids are steroidal plant hormones and are known to modulate physiological and cellular response in a wide range of plant species. Considerable insights has been achieved of the physiological role of brassinosteroid in Brassica species in the past few years, but their effect on direct organogenesis has not been extensively studied. In this sense, under optimal basal media and growth conditions we tested the cellular and organogenic response of 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) in a variable concentration (0.1 to $5.0\;{\mu}M$) and Zeatin (Z) (1.0 to $100\;{\mu}M$) and their synergic effect on hypocotyl explants of cauliflower and broccoli. The isolated EBL accelerated cell elongation and promotes direct organogenesis. One micromolar EBL + $10\;{\mu}M$ of Z was the most efficient combination for cell elongation, cell differentiation as well as for organogenesis. A suppressing effect on root induction was confirmed for all the tested hormone levels. The general results indicate a synergic effect of EBL-Z and EBL potentates Zeatin activity, at least in certain tissues. Besides de genetic factors, we can speculate that the natural hormone concentration in the explants might affect the responses by application of exogenous growth regulators. Experiments with new plant growth regulators, like brassinolide, are important aiming to maximize or accelerate plant regeneration for in vitro multiplication or for genetic transformation.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.293-298
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• 2006

Optimum culture conditions for high frequency plant regeneration from leaf explants of Kalanchoe daigremontiana Hamet &Perrier were established. Shoot regeneration was achieved from leaf explant cultures using MS medium supplemented with indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and thidiazuron (TDZ) or benzyladenine (BA). Percent regeneration was influenced by plant growth regulators and source of explants. MS medium supplemented with TDZ (1.0 mg/l) and IAA (0.4 mg/l) was the most effective, providing shoot regeneration for 76.7 % of ex vitro leaf explants associated with a high number of shoots per explant (9.5 mean shoots per explant), whereas 100% shoot regeneration associated with 12.4 shoots per explant occurred from in vitro leaf explants on the same medium. Clusters of shoots were multiplied and elongated on MS medium containing several concentrations of BA. MS medium supplemented with 0.25 mg/l BA was proved as the most effective shoot elongation medium. Elongated shoots (2-3 cm) were rooted at 100% on half-strength MS medium. Rooted plantlets were then transferred to potting soil. Regenerated plants were established in the soil with 90% success.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.114-121
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• 1997

The effects of plant growth regulators on callus formation and organogenesis in shoot tip explant of Belancanda chinensis were examined. Shoot tip explants cultured in full salt strength of MT(Murashige and Tucker) medium containing 2,4-D 1.0 or 2.0mg/l were vigorously formed callus. Full salt strength of MT medium and 1/2 MT medium supplemented with zeatin 1.0mg/l were more effective than that with combination treatments of 2,4-D on the formation of shoots from calli. When shoots regenerated from shoot tips were transplanted into 1/2 MT medium added with 1.0mg/l, 41% of shoots formed roots.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.257-261
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• 2003

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of plant growth regulators on the organogenesis from the tissue culture of Arabidopsis thaliana stem, and the origin of the callus development. When the stem segments were cultured on medium with 2mg/L IAA or NAA, adventitious roots and trichomes were differentiated after 11 days of culture. Callus vigorously formed on medium with 2/L2,4 after 7 days of culture, but adventitious roots and trichomes were not differentiated from callus after 10 days of culture. This results suggesting that picloram is very effective auxin for the callus formation and organogenesis. Callus weakly formed on 0.05mg/L kinetin, and formed on combination of auxins(2mg/L) with 0.05mg/L kinetin. But the effect of combination of auxins and kinetin the callus formation was less than 2,4-D or picloram alone. A histological examination of callus formed on picloram showed that phloram showed that phloem parenchyma cells were divided and enlarged after 2 days of culture. Cortex parenchyma cells were divided and meristematic nodules were developed from these cells after 4 days of culture. Finally, callus formed on outside of cortex and epidermis by division of meristematic nodules after 7 days of culture.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.51-55
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• 2001

This study was conducted to establish a plant cell culture system for the production of medically important secondary metabolites from Xanthium strumarium. The effects of plant growth regulators including NAA, 2,4-D, kinetin, and ABA were examined in terms of callus induction, maintenance of callus and suspension cultures. It was shown that callus was induced upon treatment with NAA while embryo was induced after treatment with 2,4-D. Callus formation was further improved by treatment with ABA and NAA. The level of callusing increased by 17-29% for the seed case, cotyledon, leaf, and hypocotyl and by 96% in the case of the root. Suspension cell lines were established using calli produced from cotyledon, hypocotyl and root and cultured at 25$\^{C}$ under light conditions. The cells grew up to 15g/L with NAA 2ppm, BA 2ppm, and ABA 1ppm treatment. Supernatants of suspension cultures of cell lines derived from coyledon and hypocotyl produced some distinctive secondary metabolites, one of which was identified as 8-epi-tomentosin, which belongs to the xanthanolides. The amounts of 8-epi-tomentosin produced by the cotyledon- and hypocotylderived cell lines were 13.4mg/L and 11.0mg/L, respectively.