• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.333-339
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• 1994

The metabolic transit of three samples( 14C glycine-glyucose melanoidin, glycine-glucose melanoidin and soybean sauce ) were studied on rats. The radioactivity of various organs and excreta intubated 14C glycine-glucose melanoidin on rats at various intervals(1, 3, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hrs were detected . And the brown pigment contents and hydrogen donating activities in the excreta which is obtained from three samples were detected during the 7 days after intubated. The total amount of 14C excreted in the fecese were 53% meaning that the rest of 47% melanoidin seemed to be retained in the body or metabolized . The radioactive compound showed a small retention in the liver and kidney. The brown pigment contents and hydrogen donating activities in the urine and feces increased proportionally to the activity of 14C. When the soybean sauce and glycine glucose melanoidin were intubated, the brown pigment contents excreted in the feces were found to be the highest after 1 st day of intubation. In the urine, the model melanoidin was excreted mostly after 3 days of intubation. The brown pigment contents and hydrogen donating activities of three samples of excreta agreed with each other. The soybean sauce retained longer than model melanoidin in the body is telling that it might have antioxidative activity in vivo.

• ALGAE
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.355-363
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• 2013

The coralline alga, Corallina officinalis, is a widely distributed intertidal species in temperate coastal regions. It is usually exposed to high fluctuations of light intensity, light quality, temperature, and desiccation, all of which affect the temporal and spatial distribution as well as the morphology and the metabolism of this alga. In laboratory experiments we examined the effects of different light intensities (50, 100, and 200 ${\mu}mol$ photons $m^{-2}s^{-1}$) on photosynthesis, calcification, photosynthetic pigment contents (chlorophyll a and carotenoids), and growth rate of C. officinalis to clarify its photoacclimation strategies. Net photosynthesis, calcification and dissolution rates based on weight were not sensitive to irradiance. Although, photosynthesis and calcification did not clearly respond to light intensity, photosynthetic pigment contents were significantly lower at higher light intensities. In addition, higher irradiances induced significant enhancement of gross photosynthesis based on chlorophyll a. As a result, the specific growth rate was significantly stimulated by high light intensity. Our results suggest that photoacclimation of C. officinalis to different light conditions may be regulated to optimize growth.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.417-430
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• 2018

This study was conducted to determine the effects of NaCl concentration and cooking temperature on the color and pigment characteristics of presalted ground chicken breasts. Four treatments with different salt concentrations (0%, 1%, 2%, and 3%) were prepared and stored for 7 d prior to cooking. Each sample was cooked to four endpoint temperatures ($70^{\circ}C$, $75^{\circ}C$, $80^{\circ}C$, and $85^{\circ}C$). The salt concentration affected the color and pigment properties of the cooked ground chicken breasts. As the salt concentration increased, the cooking yield and residual nitrite content also increased. However, the samples with 1%, 2%, and 3% NaCl showed similar nitrosyl hemochrome and total pigment contents. Among the products containing salt, the samples with 3% NaCl showed the lowest percentage myoglobin denaturation (PMD) and the lowest CIE $a^*$ values. The cooking temperature had limited effects on the pigment properties of cooked ground chicken breasts. The oxidation-reduction potential and residual nitrite contents increased with cooking temperature, while the PMD, nitrosyl hemochrome, total pigment contents and CIE $a^*$ values were similar in the samples cooked at different temperatures. These results indicated that the addition of up to 2% salt to ground chicken breasts and storage for 7 d could cause the pink color defect of cooked products. However, the addition of 3% NaCl could reduce the redness of the cooked products.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.3102-3107
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• 2013

$Al_2O_3$, CoO, $Cr_2O_3$, ZnO, $SrO_2$ 및 Kaolin을 이용하여 무기안료를 제조하였다. 제조방법은 원료분말들을 일정비율로 배합하고 분쇄한 후 소성을 시키고 분쇄 및 건조과정을 거쳐 제조하였다. 안료의 원료 중 $Cr_2O_3$의 비율이 증가할수록 청색에서 녹색으로 발현되는 것을 알 수 있었으며 안료의 조성에 관계없이 소성시킨 안료의 입자크기가 작아질수록 색도가 밝아지는 것을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 소성시 최고온도는 $1,250^{\circ}C$정도가 가장 적합한 것으로 조사되었다. 안료의 유약적합성 실험에서는 안료 성분 중 $Cr_2O_3$의 비율이 증가할수록 녹색에 가까워졌으며 CoO의 비율이 증가할수록 청색감이 증가하였다.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.314-324
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• 1997

우리나라에서 자생하고 있는 실새삼에는 광합성색소 생합성과정이 존재하는지, 있다면 다른 식물에 비하여 어떠한 특징을 가지고 있는지를 알아보고 광합성색소 대사과정에 작용점을 가지는 제초제에 대하여 반응을 나타내는지를 확인하고자 실험하였다. 1. 야외의 자연광 조건에서 자라고 있는 실새삼 생육지의 엽록소함량은 메꽃 줄기와 비교하여 볼 때 9배가 낮았고, 메꽃 잎과 비교하여 볼 때는 약 50배 낮은 경향이었다. 2. 종자로부터 발아된 실새삼 유묘의 경우 선단부위가 색소함량이 가장 높았다. 생육지의 경우는 신장지(extension stem)에서 색소함량이 가장 높았고, 권지(twining stem), 선단 15cm 아래의 절간 순으로 엽록소와 카로티노이드 함량이 낮은 경향이었다. 그리고 생장이 계속됨에 따라 오래된 줄기에서의 엽록체 퇴화가 신속하게 일어나는 경향이었다. 3. 생육지의 색소함량은 광도에 따라 생체중 1g당 엽록소 함량이 20-170${\mu}g$까지, 카로티노이드 함량은 40-120${\mu}g$ 범위까지 변하는 경향이었다. 자연일장조건에서 채취하여 낮은 색소함량을 가진 줄기를 여러 광도에 24시간 둘 경우 91${\mu}Em^{-2}s^{-1}$PAR 내외의 광도까지는 초기색소함량의 3배까지 증가되었고, 광도가 456${\mu}Em^{-2}s^{-1}$PAR 이상에서는 엽록소 함량의 변화가 거의 없었다. 4, 5mM의 ALA를 외부에서 공급할 경우 메꽃의 근경으로부터 나온 신초에서는 Pchlide가 7배 이상 증가되었으나 실새삼 생육지 선단에서는 40% 정도만 증가되었다. 한편 ALA를 공급한 후 저광도에 둘 경우 미미한 엽록소 증가경향만 보여 상대적으로 실새삼은 ALA에 대해 매우 둔감한 특정을 보였다. 5. Paraquat, norflurazon, oxyfluorfen, diuron 등의 제초제를 처리할 경우 모든 처리에서 색소소실이 관찰되었다. 아울러 oxyfluorfen을 처리하면 일반식물에서와 같이 protoporphyrin IX의 축적도 얼어났다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 실새삼은 낮은 수준이지만 엽록소 및 카로티노이드 생합성과정이 정상적으로 작동되나 조직부위별로 그 수준이 다르고 주변환경의 영향 특히 광도에 따라 크게 조절되고 성장함에 따라 하부조직에서의 엽록체 퇴화가 빠른 특징을 보였다. 색소대사 과정에 작용점을 가지는 제초제들에 대하여 제초반응은 나타내지만 낮은 수준의 광합성색소 생합성 능력과 기주식물로부터의 영양분 탈취라는 특성을 고려하여 볼 때 탁월한 제초효과를 보여주지는 못할 것으로 생각되었다.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2013년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.190-191
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• 2013

In this research, the fundamental experiment for colour concrete(by using pigment) has been invested. Fundamental properties and dyeability for the colour mortar as the changing replacement ratio of pigment has been tested. For the conclusion, with the increasing ratio of pigment, the flow and compressive strength for the mortar has been decreased, For the dyeability, there's little difference when replacement ratio of dyestuff changed when the colour is red and yellow, but large difference when the blue pigment was used. Consider about the workability and strength of the mortar, the optimum pigment's replacement ratio is fixed as 2.5%.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.203-208
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• 2013

The electrocoating for automotive bodies is pigmented with a mixture of titanium dioxide and kaolin. In this study, the effects of titanium dioxide and kaolin contents in coating on electrodeposition process, drying, and surface properties such as surface roughness, gloss, impact resistance and corrosion resistance were investigated. Titanium dioxide and kaolin in coating do not have a decisive effect on curing reaction during drying and corrosion resistance but on gloss, surface roughness, impact resistance and electrodeposition process of coating. According to its size and shape on coating surface, pigment contents increased during drying process. However, the contents of kaolin and $TiO_2$ in coating didn't affect the corrosion resistance on zinc phosphated substrate, and the curing properties.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.172-178
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• 2008

This paper described the study of a sphene-pink pigment based on $Cr_2O_3-SnO_2-CaO-SiO_2$ system exhibits stable pink-red color at high temperature. This study is focused on the optimization of the synthesis parameter such as temperature and holding time for the formation the Malayaite crystal. Malayaite crystal is sensitively influenced by the synthesizing temperature, maintaining time and contents of substituting chromium. The crystal phases formed at different temperatures exhibits various color. The optimum temperature is suggested at $1300^{\circ}C$ for 2 h and substituting contents of Cr for Sn is 0.01 mole. The maximum substituting contents is 0.02 mole based on analysis results by XRD, FT-IR, SEM and UV-vis.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.111-117
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• 1998

Biochemical property changes of garlic during various storages and marketing after storage were investigated. Content of enzymatic pyruvic acid increased by room and low temperature storage but decreased by CA and MA storage. Fructan contents decreased rapidly by low temperature storage, but restrained decrement by CA and MA storage. Free sugar increased during storage, but did slowly by room temperature storage. Green pigment development was observed when garlics stored for 90days at low temperature were processed into crushed form. This discoloration was small for garlics stored in CA and MA, and never occurred for room temperature stored garlics. When marketed after storage, content of enzymatic pyruvic acid decreased in garlic stored in room and low temperature storage, but increased in garlics which decreased during CA and MA storage. Fructan contents deceased but free sugar contents continuously increased with marketing period. Green pigment development decreased in crushed garlic after 30days at room temperature marketing, but increased in low temperature marketing with marketing time progress.

• 한국콘텐츠학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘텐츠학회 2013년도 춘계 종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.361-362
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• 2013

As one of the steps toward understanding how the plant is well adapted to strongly saline habitats, the purple pigment compound that is accumulated in Suaeda japonica was extracted and characterized. The extracted pigment compound exhibited typical characteristics of betacyanin that were represented by water solubility, pH- and temperature-dependent color changes, sensitivity to light, UV-Vis spectra, and gel electrophoretic migration pattern. LC-MS of the extracted pigment compound showed the presence of two major protonated molecular ions ($[M+H]^+$) at m/z 651.1 and m/z 827.1. According to the DPPH assay, it was found to have an antioxidant activity that is linearly increased in proportion to the reaction time for up to 30 min, and the activity was comparable to that of control BHA at 9.0 mg/ml. The cytotoxic activity against several tumor cell lines was also examined following the MTT assay. The significant growth inhibitory effect was observed on two tumor cell lines, SW-156 (human kidney carcinoma) and HEC-1B (human endometrial adenocarcinoma). Probably, the pigment compound may function as an osmolyte to uphold halotolerant physiological processes in saline environment.