• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.379-389
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• 1993

Several studies have shown that extracts from yellow-green vegetables reveal antitumor activities. In the present study we investigated the effect of phytol in order to elucidate the immunological mechanism of antitumor activity of this substance. The results obtained from the experiment as follows: 1) Phytol showed cytotoxic effect on sarcoma 180 cells in vitro. 2) When phytol was injected into the peritoneal cavity of mice transplanted with sarcoma 180 cells, the average survival time (24.0 days) tended to increase as compared with the nontreated control (19.2 days). 3) When sarcoma 180 cells were injected subcutaneously into the right groin of mice, and then phytol was injected into the peritoneal cavity, the tumor inhibition ratio was 33%. 4) The natural killer(NK) cell activity was significantly augmented by phytol in vitro and in vivo. Similar augmentations of NK cell activity were obtained with culture supernatants of phytol exposed spleen cells and peripheral blood mononuiclear cells. 5) Phytol on the macrophage from peritoneal cavity showed a higher effectiveness in vivo than in vitro. These results indicate that phytol shows the inhibitory effect for growth of sarcoma 180 cells in vitro, also it can augment macrophage and NK cell activities in vivo.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.1107-1112
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• 1999

We investigated the inhibitory effects of phytol and methyl 11,14,17 eicosatrienoic acid (methyl ETA, n 3, 20 : 3) separated from perilla leaves on the growth of human cancer cells. Phytol inhibited significantly the growth of HT 29 human colon cancer cells, MG 63 osteosarcoma cells and AZ 521 gastric cancer cells. Although the activity of methyl ETA was lower than that of phytol, it was also observed to have the inhibitory effect on three human cancer cell lines. Furthermore, the DNA synthesis of the MG 63 osteosarcoma cells was markedly decreased by the addition of the phytol and methyl ETA. These results suggest that phytol and methyl ETA identified from the perilla leaves may play a role on the growth inhibition of the human cancer cells.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.405-411
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• 1993

본 연구는 녹황색채소류에서 추출되어 항암효과를 나타내는 활성 물질로 보고되어 있는 phytol과 들미나리 추출물을 sarcoma 180마우스에 주사한 후 적출한 비장세포내 T임프구와 T subset, 그리고 asialo GM1$^{＋}$세포를 정량하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 종양 마우스에 phytol 을 투여하였을 때 비장세포내의 T cell과 T-subset은 종양세포이식에 의해서 상승된 치를 더욱 증가시켰다. 그러나 들미나리추출물의 경우는 대동소이하였다. 2) Asialo GM1$^{＋}$세포는 종양마우스에 phytol이나 들미나리추출물을 주사하였을 때 모두 상승하였으며 정상마우스에 phytol 을 투여하였을 때도 대조군에 비하여 상승했지만 들미나리추출물을 작용시켰을 때는 저하되었다. 3) L3T4$^{＋}$/Lyt-2$^{＋}$세포비는 종양마우스에 phytol을 주사하였을 때 감소를 보였지만 정상 마우스에 투여하였을 때는 더욱 크게 낮아졌다. 그러나 들미나리추출물을 정상마우스에 투여 하였을때는 크게 감소하던 것이 종양마우스에 적요 시켰을 때는 증가현상을 보였다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 볼 때 phytol이나 들미나리추출물은 종양마우스에서 작용자 세포인 자연살해세포(natural killer cell)의 활성 인자로서 작용할 가능성이 높을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.63-68
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• 2002

상추의 기내 callus 배양으로부터 ACAT (Acyl-CoA: Cholesterol acyltransferase) 억제 활성물질로 알려진 phytol 의 생산가능성이 연구되었다. Callus는 0.5mg.L$^{-1}$ NAA가 첨가된 MS 배지에 4주간 치상된 자엽 절편체로부터 유도되었으며, 다양한 수준의 chlorophyll을 함유하고 있었다. Phytol이 chlorophyll분자를 구성하는 물질로 알려져 있음에 도 불구하고, phytol의 추출량은 녹색의 자엽에서 보다 callus 에서 높게 나타났다. GC 분석결과, phytol의 추출량은 callus의 chlorophyll 함량과 비례하지 않는 것으로 나타났으며, callus의 chlorophyll 함량수준은 callus의 형성능과 관련이 있는 것으로 사료되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 phytol의 기내생산에 있어서 상추의 callus 배양의 잠재성을 제시한다 하겠다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.477-484
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• 2016

There is renewed interest in natural products as a starting point for discovery of drugs for schistosomiasis. Recent studies have shown that phytol reveals interesting in vivo and in vitro antischistosomal properties against Schistosoma mansoni adult worms. Here, we report the in vitro antischistosomal activity of phytol against Schistosoma haematobium juvenile and adult worms and alterations on the tegumental surface of the worms by means of scanning electron microscopy. The assay, which was carried out with 6 concentrations (25, 50, 75, 100, 125, and $150{\mu}g/ml$) of phytol, has shown a promising activity in a dose and time-dependent manner. There was a significant decline in the motility of the worms and a mortality rate of 100% was found at 48 hr after they had been exposed to phytol in the concentration of $150{\mu}g/ml$. Male worms were more susceptible. On the ultrastructural level, phytol also induced tegumental peeling, disintegration of tubercles and spines in addition to morphological disfiguring of the oral and ventral suckers. This report provides the first evidence that phytol is able to kill S. haematobium of different ages, and emphasizes that it is a promising natural product that could be used for development of a new schistosomicidal agent.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.426-429
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• 2004

An easy, sensitive and rapid method for the analysis of phytol, a strong ACAT (Acyl-CoA: Cholesterol Acyltransferase) inhibitory diterpenoid, was established. The pre-treatment of sample for GC analysis of phytol includes aq. MeOH extraction, partition of the extracts between EtOAc and water, and filtration of organic phase through Supelclean LC-Si SPE tube. The GC analysis of phytol for a variety of Lactuca sativa was carried out on DB-5 capillary column with flame ionization detector (FID). The consistency in phytol contents according to each variety was not shown. Especially, Jeoktoma, as RS-2 type, showed the highest phytol content.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.643-646
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• 2002

The succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH) inhibitory component was isolated from the EtOAc fraction of Lactuca sativa through repeated column chromatography; then, it was identified as phytol, a diterpenoid, based on the interpretation of several spectral data. Incubation of SSADH with the phytol results in a time-dependent loss of enzymatic activity, suggesting that enzyme modification is irreversible. The inactivation followed pseudo-first-order kinetics with the second-rate order constant of $6.15{\times}10^{-2}mM^{-1}min^{-1}.$ Complete protection from inactivation was afforded by the coenzyme $NAD^{+}$, whereas substrate succinic semialdehyde failed to prevent the inactivation of the enzyme; therefore, it seems likely that phytol covalently binds at or near the active site of the enzyme. It is postulated that the phytol is able to elevate the neurotransmitter GABA levels in central nervous system through its inhibitory action on one of the GABA degradative enzymes, SSADH.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.302-307
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• 1992

들깻잎의 메탄을 추출물이 S. typhimurium TA98과 100에서 aflatoxin B$_1$(AFB$_1$)의 돌연변이 유발성을 억제시키는 효과가 있었다. 메탄을 추출물을 silica gel column을 사용하여 더욱 분획하여 항돌연변이 효과를 시험하였으며, 그중 효과가 가장 컸던 fraction 중의 화합물을 분리, 동정한 결과 2-ethoxy acetate, 1, 2, 3, 4-tetramethyl-cis-cyclobutene, 두 개의 methyl 11, 14, 17-eicosatrienoate 이성체, 12-acetyl-9-octadecanoic acid, 그리고 Phytol이 있음이 잠정적으로 밝혀졌다. Phytol과 methyill, 14, 17-eicosatrienoate의 표준품을 사용하여 AFB$_1$및 Trp-P-2에 대한 항돌연변이 효과를 시험한 결과 그 효과가 컸음이 밝혀졌다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제96권1호
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• pp.65-69
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• 2007

생강나무(Lindera obtusiloba Blume) 잎과 가지의 정유성분을 수증기 증류법으로 분리하고 GC-MS로 NIST와 Wiley 6 Library 스펙트럼과 비교하여 구성성분을 분석하였다. 생강나무 잎과 가지에서 총 24개의 성분을 동정하였으며 sesquiterpene 화합물들이 주요 구성성분이었다. 생강나무 잎에서 분리한 정유의 주요 구성성분은 germacrene B(17.78%), ${\beta}-caryophyllene$(17.50%), phytol isomaer(13.36%), $(-)-{\beta}-elemene$(11.07%) 등이었고, 가지에서는 ${\beta}-elemol$(24.47%), ${\alpha}-cadinol$(13.73%), camphor(9.83%) and ${\beta}-citronellol$ (9.54%) 등이 주요 구성성분이었다. Acyclic diterpene인 phytone, phytol 및 phytol isomer 등의 화합물들은 생강나무 잎에서 처음 분석되었다.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권10호
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• pp.1616-1622
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• 2021

Objective: Bioactive compounds in ruminant products are related to functional compounds in their diets. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the effect of forage sources, Italian ryegrass (IR) silage vs corn silage (CS) in the total mixed ration (TMR), on milk production, milk composition, and phytanic acid content in milk, as well as on the extent of conversion of dietary phytol to milk phytanic acid. Methods: Phytanic acid content in milk was investigated for cows fed a TMR containing either IR silage or CS using 17 cows over three periods of 21 days each. In periods 1 and 3, cows were fed CS-based TMR (30% CS), while in period 2, cows were fed IR silage-based TMR (20% IR silage and10% CS). Results: The results showed that there were no differences in fat, protein, lactose, solids-not-fat, somatic cell count, and fatty acid composition of milk among the three experimental periods. There were no differences in the plasma concentration of glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and nonesterified fatty acids among the three experimental periods, while the blood urea nitrogen was higher (p<0.05) in period 2. The milk phytanic acid content was higher (p<0.05) in period 2 (13.9 mg/kg) compared with periods 1 (9.30 mg/kg) and 3 (8.80 mg/kg). Also, the phytanic acid content in the feces was higher (p<0.05) in period 2 (1.65 mg/kg dry matter [DM]) compared with period 1 (1.15 mg/kg DM), and 3 (1.17 mg/kg DM). Although the phytol contents in feces did not differ among the three feeding periods, the conversion ratio from dietary phytol to milk phytanic acid was estimated to be only 2.6%. Conclusion: Phytanic acid content in cow's milk increases with increasing phytol content in diets. However, phytol might not be completely metabolized in the rumen and phytanic acid, in turn, might not be completely recovered into cow's milk. The change of phytanic acid content in milk may be positively correlated with the change of phytol in the diet within a short time.