• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.517-525
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• 2007

This study was performed to assess the effects of physiological factors and lifestyles on bone mineral density (BMD) in 64 postmenopausal women. Sixty four subjects were selected out of 223 postmenopausal women in Seoul and Kyunggido. The BMD of the lumbar spine (L2 ${\rightarrow}$ L4) and femoral neck were measured dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Subjects were assigned to one of three groups such as normal (T-score > -1, n = 20), osteopenia (-2.5 < Tscore ${\leq}$ -1, n = 24), and osteoporosis (T-score ${\leq}$ -2.5, n = 20). Anthropometric measurements and questionares were administered to these women. The mean age, height, weight and BMI were 62.09 yrs, 153.78 cm, 56.09 kg and 23.70 $kg/m^2$ respectively. The BMDs of lumbar spines (L2 ${\rightarrow}$ L4), femoral neck were 0.84 $g/cm^2$, 0.71 $g/cm^2$ respectively. Years after menopause and age of last delivery of the osteoporosis and osteopenia group were significantly longer than the normal group (p < 0.05). The hours of exercise and outdoor activity of the normal group were longer than the osteoporosis and osteopenia group, but there were no significant differences among the three groups. The BMDs of these two sites were positively correlated with weight, BMI, hip and body fat and negatively correlated with LBM, TBW. These results show there are no consistent effects on bone mineral density, adjusting for age and BMI, of physiological factors and lifestyles in postmenopausal women. Therefore. this study confirmed that one of the most effective ways to minimize bone loss in postmenopausal women would be to maintain an adequate body weight.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.271-281
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to explore convergence on the theory of unpleasant symptom, and factors affecting quality of life of liver cirrhosis patients. A total of 198 liver cirrhosis patients were recruited symptom experiences, physiologic factors, psychological factors, situational factors, and quality of life. Data were collected from March, to May, 2014 and analyzed using one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlations, multiple regressions analysis with PASW (SPSS) 21.0. Variables such as duration of liver cirrhosis(${\beta}=.19$, p<.001), symptom experiences(${\beta}=.19$, p=.032), physical(${\beta}=.15$, p=.008), psychological(${\beta}=.39$, p<.001) and situational factors(${\beta}=.32$, p<.001) explained 51.8% of variance in quality of life(F=15.57, p<.001). The symptom experiences, physiological, psychological and situational factors should be considered for caring liver cirrhosis patients. Symptoms of postmyocardial infarction (post-MI) patients at risk for progression to heart.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.187-196
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors related to the levels of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in elderly women based on Wilson and Cleary's HRQoL model. Methods: This study analyzed data from the eighth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2019 on 868 women over the age of 65 years. Based on the HRQoL model, parameters were categorized as personal, environmental, and physiological characteristics; symptom status; functional status; and perception of health status. The data were analyzed by quantile regression. Results: The overall level of HRQoL was 0.87. Factors related to HRQoL in the 10% quantile were higher education level, higher economic status, economic activity, more walking days, fewer diseases, lower stress, less activity limitation, and higher perceived health status. Factors related to the 25% quantile of HRQoL were more walking days, fewer diseases, less activity limitation, and higher perceived health status. Factors related to the 50% quantile were age, economic activity, more walking days, fewer disease, lower stress, less activity limitation, and higher perceived health status. Factors related to the 75% quantile of HRQoL were smoking, more walking days, fewer diseases, lower stress, less activity limitation, and higher perceived health status. Conclusion: While differing parameters were identified according to the level of HRQoL of elderly women in Korea, there were five common factors. Interventions that focus on increasing walking, mitigating diseases, stress, and activity limitations, and improving perceived health status can improve HRQoL.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.108-118
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• 2013

Purpose: Sexual function involves a complex interaction of emotions, body image, and intact physical responses. The purpose of this study was to determine the sexual functioning of women who are incontinent and to identify associated factors. Methods: For this descriptive correlation study, data were collected from 147 women with urinary incontinence. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: Mean scores were 22.39 (sexual dysfunction ${\leq}26.55$) for sexual function, 13.38 (of 63) for depression, and 55.47 (range of score 17~85) for body image. Urinary symptoms and daily life symptoms averaged 36.04 (range of score 20~100) and 16.03 (range of score 8~40). Sexual function had a positive correlation with body image and negative correlation with daily life symptoms. Sexual satisfaction, daily life symptoms, marital satisfaction, and frequency of sexual intercourse were factors affecting sexual function. Conclusion: Study results indicate that urinary incontinence has a negative impact on various aspects of sexual function. Nurses should be aware of the wider consideration that needs to be made in relation to general and sexual quality of life when caring for clients suffering from urological diseases.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.157-168
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• 2015

A majority of menopausal women experience serious depressive symptom because they are disturbed by their menstruation stop and by multiple physiological symptoms. The purpose of this study is to analyze the related factors of depressive symptom of menopausal women in Korea. A multiple regression model was used to study in association with depressive symptom, controlling for socio-economic characteristics, health status and behavior characteristics, women's health, and family support characteristics. For the data, Menopausal women were 4,680 peoples were selected for this study. PASW 18.0 was used to study in association with affecting factors of depressive symptom in the menopausal women The study shows that Education level, Marital status, Income, Employment status, Activity limitations, Perceived health status, Perceived body Image recognition, Current smoking, AUDIT, Frequency of induced abortion, Frequency of eating out, Breakfast with family, Lunch with family were associated with depressive symptom of menopausal women in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.79-90
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• 2005

This study was performed to estimate serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and to evaluate the relationship between serum 2S-hydroxyvitamin D level and associated factors. The subjects were 61 premenopausal working women aged 30 - 49 y in Busan. The serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level was measured by radioimmunoassay. Data for physiological characteristics, lifestyle factors, physical activity and nutrient intake were assessed by questionnaire including information about outdoor activity time, daily activity diary and 24 hr recall method. The mean vitamin D intake was 3.12 ug, which corresponded to $62.5\%$ of the Korean RDA. The mean level of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was 31.0 ng/mL. Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (<25 nmol/L) was not found in the subjects. The serum 2S-hydroxyvitamin D level showed positive significant correlations with exercise hours, daily energy expenditure, hours of outdoor activity per weekdays (p < 0.001, P < 0.05, P < 0.05). Exercise hours were found to be the most important determinant of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level. Therefore nutritional education for increasing hours of physical activity including indoor and outdoor exercise, is needed for premenopausal working women to increase vitamin D status.

• IE interfaces
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• v.17 no.spc
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• pp.37-45
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• 2004

Human factors engineering design guidelines for main control rooms(MCR) in nuclear power plants(NPP) have been applied to optimize human-machine interface(HMI) between operators and their equipment on the basis of physical, physiological and cognitive aspects. However, the HMI design for MCR is not found to be sufficient to maximize operators' performance since the operators in the MCR experience excessive stress due to the environmental factors such as inappropriate interiors and illumination. Therefore, well-designed environment of the MCR may be equally important to improve human performance in the MCR. The objectives of the study are two-fold: (1) to propose an interior design of SHIN-KORI 1 2 for pleasant and comfortable working environments, and (2) to design indirect lighting system to enhance visibility and productivity. The human factors engineering checklists were developed to examine whether or not the proposed human-environment design for SHIN-KORI 1 2 satisfies the regulations and guidelines presented by NUREG-0700 Revision 1. The implications of the human-environment design are discussed in detail.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.29-36
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• 2015

Pigs are considered an ideal source of human disease model due to their physiological similarities to humans. However, the low efficiency of in vitro embryo production (IVP) is still a major barrier in the production of pig offspring with gene manipulation. Despite ongoing advances in the associated technologies, the developmental capacity of IVP pig embryos is still lower than that of their in vivo counterparts, as well as IVP embryos of other species (e.g., cattle and mice). The efficiency of IVP can be influenced by many factors that affect various critical steps in the process. The previous relevant reviews have focused on the in vitro maturation system, in vitro culture conditions, in vitro fertilization medium, issues with polyspermy, the utilized technologies, etc. In this review, we concentrate on factors that have not been fully detailed in prior reviews, such as the oocyte morphology, oocyte recovery methods, denuding procedures, first polar body morphology and embryo quality.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.7069-7074
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• 2013

Programmed cell death is a basic cellular process that is critical to maintaining tissue homeostasis. In contrast to apoptosis, necrosis was previously regarded as an unregulated and uncontrollable process. However, as research has progressed, necrosis, also known as necroptosis or programmed necrosis, is drawing increasing attention, not least becasu of its possible impications for cancer research. Necroptosis exhibits a unique signaling pathway that requires the involvement of receptor interaction protein kinases 1 and 3 (RIP1 and RIP3), mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL), and phosphoglycerate mutase 5 (PGAM5) and can be specifically inhibited by necrostatins. Not only does necroptosis serve as a backup cell death program when apoptosis is inhibited, but it is now recognized to play a pivotal role in regulating various physiological processes and the pathogenesis of a variety of human diseases such as ischemic brain injury, immune system disorders and cancer. The control of necroptosis by various defined trigger factors and signaling pathways now offers the opportunity to target this cellular process for therapeutic purposes. The purpose of this paper is to review current findings concerning the connections between various trigger factors and the RIP1/RIP3 signaling pathway as it relates to necroptosis.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.37-45
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• 2013

Objective: This study describes the change of operator performance in drastic change of illumination level, and proposes an alternative method to cope with it. Background: The control standard of illumination for nuclear power plants(NPPs) is based on the set of limit criteria for maintaining a specific illumination level. However, there is a possibility to cause human errors according to the psychological and physiological influences to operators in the situation of drastic change of illumination such as SBO(Station Black Out), so a basic study is necessary to review the current approach. Method: We assessed the visual fatigue, subjective work load and task performance according to the three illumination situations(Normal Illumination, Emergency Illumination, and Drastic Change of Illumination). Result: Research finding shows that there are not significant differences in task performance between normal illumination (1,000lx level) and emergency illumination (100lx level), only if beyond the dark adaptation limit. However, subjective work load on mental demand and visual fatigue show a potential challenge to visual performance in drastic change of illumination. Conclusion/Application: Several trials can complement this challenge in NPPs by applying 3-way communication, enhancing readability of procedures, and managing the visual factors affecting the operators' performance through a Visual Environment Management Program including visual health aspects, etc.