• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2002년도 생물공학의 동향 (X)
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• pp.232-234
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• 2002

공업적으로 중요성이 날로 더해가는 phospholipase C (PLC) 를 Bacillus cereus를 이용하여 생산하였다. 또한, plc::gfp fusion protein 을 생산하는 재조합 E. coli 를 제조하고 배양하였으며 특히 형광센서를 이용하여 PLC 의 생산 특성을 모니터링하였다.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.37-45
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• 1988

Phospholipase C는 second messenger로서 세포 밖의 signal transduction에 중요한 효소 이다. 본 연구에서 소의 뇌, 자궁 및 고환에서 high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)를 이용하여 phospholipase C(PLC)를 추출하였으며 뇌에서 3개의 isozyme(F-1, F-2, F-3), 자궁과 고환에서 각각 2개의 isozyme을 얻었고 HPLC에서의 retension time을 구하였다. Homogeneity 검사를 위하여 소 brain의 각 isozyme I, II 및 III에 대한 PLC-monoclonal antibody(Mab)를 affigel에 label 시켰고 결합능(binding capacity)는 73.8~97.5%였다. PLC-Mab와 자궁 및 고환의 PLC isozyme과의 homogeneity 검사에서 binding capacity는 자궁의 F-1은 PLC III가 주이며 F-2는 DEAE column에서는 II가 주이나 phenyl column에선 I과 II가 주이고 고환에선 F-1은 PLC III가 주이고 F-2에서는 PLC II가 주인 것으로 나타났다.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.1266-1272
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• 2016

Phospholipase C is a key enzyme of signaling pathways hydrolyzed phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate to generate 2 second messengers. Among the PLC, $PLC-{\beta}$ subfamily consisted of 4 isoforms, $PLC-{\beta}$ 1~4. Here, we studied the tissue specific expression of $PLC-{\beta}3$ in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) following external stimulation like lipopolysaccharide (LPS), concanavalin A (ConA) and environmental stress compared with the inflammatory cytokines IL-1b. $PoPLC-{\beta}3$ gene transcripts has the effect in stimulated tissue compared to control. These results provide what we sure to be a important role for $PLC-{\beta}3$ activity in tissue and verify $PLC-{\beta}3$ as potential immune enzyme for signal transduction.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 1993년도 제2회 신약개발 연구발표회 초록집
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• pp.63-63
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• 1993

Phospoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PLC)는 세포막의 phosphoinositide를 분해하여 inositol phosphates와 diacylglycerol을 전달하는데 핵심적인 효소이다. PLC는 분자량과 1차구조의 비교에 의하여 type (PLC-$\beta$, ${\gamma}$, $\delta$)로 구분되며, 각 type마다 2-4종의 subtype이 존재하고 PLC isozyme들에 대한 현재가지의 각종 신호 전달 및 조절에 대한 연구를 종합하면: (1) PLC-$\beta$ type은 G-protein과 연결되어 신호를 전달받고, (2) PLC-${\gamma}$ type은growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase에 의하여 인산화 되어 활성화됨으로, 세포의 성장 신호를 전달하며. (3) PLC-$\delta$ type에 대한 신호 전달이나 조절은 밝혀지지 않고 있다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.387-391
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• 1995

In order to investigate whether phospholipase C (PLC) activity in oat celIs is regulated by Gprotein, we have characterized PLC in plasma membranes of oat tissues. To identify the purified plasma membrane, $K^+$-stimulated, $Mg^{2+}$-dependent ATPase activity was measured. The activity of ATPase was shown to be proportional to the concentration of membrane protein. To examine the PLC activity regulated by G-protein, we used the inside-out and outside-out plasma membrane mixture isolated from the oat cells. The plasma membrane mixture showed higher PLC activity than the one of the outside-out plasma membrane. This suggests that PLC activity is located at the cytoplasmic surface of plasma membrane. PLC activity in plasma membrane mixture was dependent on $Ca^{2+}$ with maximum activity at 100 ${\mu}m$ $Ca^{2+}$ and it was inhibited by 1 mM EGTA. Using Sep-pak $Accell^{TM}$ Plus QMA chromatography, we found that inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate ($IP_3$) was produced in the presence of 10 ${\mu}m$ $Ca^{2+}$. The PLC activity in the membrane was enhanced by an activator of G-protein ($GTP{\gamma}S$) and not by an inhibitor ($GDP{\beta}S$). This indicates that a G-protein is involved in the activation of PLC in the plasma membrane of oat cells.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.121-124
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• 1993

To elucidate the effect of antipsychotics and antidepressants on phosphoinositide(Pl) second massenger system, we studied the dose-dependent inhibition of the phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C(PLC) isozymes, ${\beta}_1,\;{\gamma}_1$ and${\delta}_1,$ by fluphenazine and haloperidol as antipsychotics, and amitriptyline, maprotiline and mianserin as antidepressants. All the antipsychotics and antidepressants tested showed inhibition on at least one of the PLC isozymes with $IC_{50}$ at the concentration between 25 and $250 {\mu}M.$ Maprotiline, mianserin and amitriptyline inhibited 80 to 90% of the activities of all three PLC isozymes at the concentration of $250{\mu}M,$ while haloperidol and fluphenazine inhibited PLC ${\beta}_1$ and${\gamma}_1$ But baclofen didn't inhibit any PLC isozyme. These results suggested that PLC isozymes are inhibited by antipsychotics and antidepessants even though the concentration is high, and these drugs may affect PI signal transduction system by direct inhibition of PLC isozymes.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2003년도 생물공학의 동향(XIII)
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• pp.191-194
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 산업적으로 중요성이 날로 증가하고 있는 PLC의 대량 생산을 위해서 B. cereus ATCC10987에서 분리된 PLC 유전자를 pPICZa C에 삽입한 P. pastoris system을 개발하여 extracellular PLC를 생산하였다. 또한, 공업적 이용을 위해 여러 조건에서 B. cereus와 P. pastoris에서 생산된 extracellular PLC의 활성도를 측정하여 특성을 살펴보았다.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2003년도 생물공학의 동향(XII)
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• pp.233-235
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 산업적으로 중요성이 날로 증가하고 있는 PLC의 대량 생산을 위해서 B. cereus ATCC10987에서 분리된 PLC 유전자를 $pPICZ{\alpha}$ C에 삽입한 P. pastoris system을 개발하여 extracellular PLC를 생산하였다. 또한, 여러 조건에서 B. cereus와 P. pastoris에서 생산된 extracellular PLC의 활성도를 측정하여 특성을 살펴보았다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.508-512
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• 2002

Phospholipase C-gamma-2 ($PLC{\gamma}2$) activation is a key signaling event for many cell functions. In order to delineate the pathways that lead to $PLC{\gamma}2$ activation, we devised a quick method for obtaining sufficient $PLC{\gamma}2$. We obtained the full-length cDNA for human $PLC{\gamma}2$ and expressed it in E. coli using the expression vector pT5T. To enhance the protein expression, tandem AGG-AGG arginine codons at the amino acid positions 1204-1205 were replaced by CGG-CGG arginine codons. The protein expression was detected in a Western blot analysis by both anti-$PLC{\gamma}2$ antibodies and the antibodies that are raised against the tripeptide epitope (Glu-Glu-Phe) tag that are genetically-engineered to its carboxyl terminal. Crude lysates that were prepared from bacteria that express $PLC{\gamma}2$ were found to catalyze the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5 bisphosphate. Similar to previous reports on $PLC{\gamma}2$ that is isolated from mammalian tissue, the recombinant enzyme was $Ca^{2+}$ dependent with optimal activity at 1-10 uM $Ca^{2+}$.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.251-260
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• 1998

Cromakalim (BRL 34915), known as an airway smooth muscle relaxant, inhibited the releases of mediators in the antigen-induced mast cell activation. It has been suggested that cromakalim, in part, inhibited mediator releases by inhibiting the initial increase of 1,2-diacylglycerol (DAG) produced by the activation of the other phospholipase system which is different from phosphatidylcholine-phospholipase D pathway. The aim of this study is to further examine the inhibitory mechanism of cromakalim on the mediator release in the mast cell activation. Guinea pig lung mast cells were purified by using enzyme digestion and percoll density gradient. In purified mast cells prelabeled with $[^3H]PIP_2$, phospholipase C (PLC) activity was assessed by the production of $[^3H]$insitol phosphates. Protein kinase C (PKC) activity was assessed by measuring the protein phosphorylated from mast cells prelabeled with $[{\gamma}-32P]ATP$, and Phospholipase $A_2\;(PLA_2)$ activity by measuring the lyso-phosphatidylcholine produced from mast cell prelabeled with 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonyl $phosphatidyl-[^{14}C]choline$. Histamine was assayed by fluorometric analyzer, and leukotrienes by radioimmunoassay. The PLC activity was increased by activation of the passively sensitized mast cells. This increased PLC activity was decreased by cromakalim pretreatment. The PKC activity increased by the activation of the passively sensitized mast cells was decreased by calphostin C, staurosporine and cromakalim, respectively. The $PLA_2$ activity was increased in the activated mast cells. The pretreatment of cromakalim did not significantly decrease $PLA_2$ activity. These data show that cromakalim inhibits histamine release by continuously inhibiting signal transduction processes which is mediated via PLC pathway during mast cell activation, but that cromakalim does not affect $PLA_2$ activity related to leukotriene release.