• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Communication Sciences Conference
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• 1984.04a
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• pp.37-41
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• 1984

The error rate performance of amplitude phase keying system has been studied in the environment of cochannel interference and impulsive noise. We have derived the error probability equations of amplitude shift keying signal and phase shift keying signal, and combining the results, we have evaluated the circular APK signal which is the one of the several cases of APK arrays. Using the derived equations, the circular APK system has been evaluated in terms of carrier-to-noise power ratio(CNR), carrier-to-interferer power ratio(CIR), and impulsive index. The graphic results show us the best case and worst case of APK system, and good performance compared to the other systems in cochannel interference and impulsive noise.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.735-738
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• 2019

Recently, orthogonal non-orthogonal multiple access (O NOMA) with polar on-off keying (POOK) has been proposed to mitigate the severe effect of the superposition. However, it is observed that the performance of the O NOMA strong channel user is better than that of the perfect successive interference cancellation (SIC), i.e., the performance of a single user transmission with binary phase shift keying (BPSK). Can the performance of the BPSK modulation be better that that of itself? It is not normal. It should be clearly understood theoretically, with the ultimate bound, i.e., the channel capacity. This paper proves that the channel capacity of the O NOMA strong channel user is non-zero with zero power allocation. Thus, it is shown that the interference is transformed effectively into the meaningful signal.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.39-43
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• 2022

Underwater optical wireless communication (UOWC) is a good candidate for high-speed underwater wireless communication. In this work, we compare the performance of several modulation techniques for a UOWC system consisting of a light-emitting diode (LED) with an operating wavelength of 405 nm and a Si avalanche photodiode (APD). In this work, we consider six modulation schemes: 4-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), 8-QAM, quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), binary phase shift keying (BPSK), on-off keying (OOK), and 4-pulse amplitude modulation (PAM). We also consider the cases of pure water and seawater for the working conditions. Our results show that 4-QAM and 8-QAM perform the best, in terms of communication distance and transmission power efficiency, for all water types considered.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.310-319
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• 2011

In this paper, a new soft-fusion approach for multiple-receiver wireless communication systems is proposed. In the proposed approach, each individual receiver provides the central receiver with a confidence level rather than a binary decision. The confidence levels associated with the local receiver are modeled by means of soft-membership functions. The proposed approach can be applied to wireless digital communication systems, such as amplitude shift keying, frequency shift keying, phase shift keying, multi-carrier code division multiple access, and multiple inputs multiple outputs sensor networks. The performance of the proposed approach is evaluated and compared to the performance of the optimal diversity, majority voting, optimal partial decision, and selection diversity in case of binary noncoherent frequency shift keying on a Rayleigh faded additive white Gaussian noise channel. It is shown that the proposed approach achieves considerable performance improvement over optimal partial decision, majority voting, and selection diversity. It is also shown that the proposed approach achieves a performance comparable to the optimal diversity scheme.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.103-109
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• 1998

디지털신호의 변조에는 기본적으로 진폭 편이 변조(ASK: Amplitude-Shift Keying), 주파수 편이 변조(FSK: Frequency-Shift Keying), 위상 편이 변조(PSK: Phase-Shift Keying) 등의 세 가지 방법이 있다. 본 논문에서는 표본클록 합성계수 방식에 관한 이론을 고찰하고, 클록초기치 누적방식의 DDFS를 이용하여 위에서 언급한 변조방법을 실현할 수 있는 주파수 도약 대역 확산 통신에 적합한 변조기를 구현하였다. 또한, 합성된 출력주파수 의 정현파형에 대한 스펙트럼 분석과 PN(Pseudo Noise) 부호를 사용한 순시적인 주파수 도 약 상태, 위상제어의 가능성 등을 확인한 결과 실험으로부터 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 첫 째, 합성된 출력주파수는 주파수 Index에 따라 기준주파수에 정확히 정수배가 되며, 둘째, 합성된 정현파형의 스펙트럼으로 기본파와 여러 고조파의 크기를 비교하여 본 결과 50[dB] 이상의 차이가 남으로서 고조파 성분들이 상당히 감소되었음을 확인하였고, 셋째, PN 코드 를 사용하여 순시적인 주파수 도약 상태를 확인하여 본 결과 스위칭 시간이 빠르기 때문에 주파수 도약 특성이 뛰어남을 알 수 있었으며 또한, 누산기의 set/reset 상태를 변화시킴에 따라 위상이 제어됨을 입증하였다.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.368-374
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• 2016

This paper presents constructing transmitter and receiver by using a direct sequence spread spectrum techniques to DPSK (Differential Phase-Shift Keying) scheme in underwater acoustic communication. Since DPSK signal can be demodulated if the receiver knows only the phase difference between the adjacent bits, DPSK receiver structure has the advantage of being simplified. In the conventional receiver, two adjacent symbols of transmitted signal before despread are passed to the transition correlator that detects data by comparing maximum correlation outputs. At this time, the error for maximum value of the correlator output may increase because of low SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) or high Doppler shift frequency according to the underwater channel. In this paper, we propose a method for accurate detection result using the width as well as the magnitude among outputs produced by the correlator. The performances of the proposed method was evaluated by simulation and lake trial data.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.219-227
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• 2021

This paper proposed an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) based biomimetic communication method using a dolphin whistle which covertly transmits communication signals to allies. The proposed method divides the dolphin whistle into several time slots corresponding to a number of OFDM symbols, and modulates the communication signal by mapping differential phase shift keying (DPSK) symbols into subcarriers that have the frequency bands of the dolphin whistle in each slot. The advantages of the proposed method are as follows: In the conventional Chirp Spread Spectrum (CSS) and Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) based biomimetic communication methods, the discontinuity of the frequency contour is large, but the proposed method can reduce the discontinuity. Even if the modulation order is increased, the degradation of the mimicking performance is small. The computer simulations demonstrate that the Bit Error Rate (BER) and mimicking performance of the proposed method are better performance than those of the conventional CSS and FSK.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TE
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.53-59
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• 2000

A received signal in mobile communication environments exhibits variation in both amplitude and phase due to the multipath fading. Therefore we analyzed the performance of DS/CDMA(Direct Sequence/code Division Multiple Access) DPSK(Differential Phase Shift Keying) system for the variations of PLL(Phase Locked Loop) gain with Tikhonov probability density function, assuming that the phase difference between transmitter and receiver signals is phase error. As a result, it is discovered that the performance of system could be improved by the control of PLL gain in compared with the DPSK system which does not consider the phase error. If the PLL gain is 1dB, the difference of two systems is 4.8dB and 0.4dB at 7dB. and if 30dB, it coincides. From above, it

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.18 no.2 s.117
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• pp.219-226
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• 2007

In this paper, we report phase noise effects on SER(Symbol Error Rate) of MQAM(M-ary Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), DPSK(Differential Phase Shift Keying), OFDM(Orthogonal frequency Division Multiplex)-MQAM and OFDM-DPSK. SER of each modulation method has been quantified at the various offset frequencies of the local oscillator and compared with phase noise effects with the ideal cases, which have no phase noise, through the MATLAB simulation. And the ratio of modulation bandwidths to the SERs at the various frequency offsets for the above modulation methods have been analyzed for the system requirement of minimum phase noise characteristics.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.16-29
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• 2022

This paper presents a Doppler shift estimation method and signal processing schemes for Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) transmission to overcome the Doppler shift due to the moving of the underwater communication unit. The proposed method estimates a Doppler shift via 2 step procedures using the preamble with the two 64-length Frank sequences which has a good self-correlation characteristic and is insensitive to the Doppler shift. Furthermore, a packet of DSSS underwater mobile communication and a RAKE receiver are designed using the proposed Doppler shift estimation method. Due to the modulation scheme of the designed DSSS underwater mobile communication using Differential-Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (DQPSK) for the data symbol transmission, the RAKE receiver dose not need a phase tracking and easily makes coherent signals among the combining RAKE branches. The designed RAKE receiving scheme including the proposed Doppler shift estimation method successfully decides information data using the DSSS signal transmitted from the pseudo-moving transmitter with velocity upto about 17.5 m/s.