• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.267-278
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• 1985

Some kinds of methods have been applied to regulate the exposure doses by the radioactive effluents from nuclear power plants. The essential one is primary dose equivalent limit recommended by the ICRP. When the primary limit cannot be applied directly for regulation, there have been dose equivalent index in case of external exposure, or maximum permissible concentration, annual limit on intake, derived air concentration and maximum permissible body burden in case of internal exposure. But the derived limit is required from the viewpoint of discharge, for those values are inadequate to control discharge rate directly. This study was carried out to derive the release limit for the Wolsung nuclear power plant by the concentration factor method. This method is based on the assumption of steady state transfer between environment compartments.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.31-40
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• 2001

Legal permissible limit of herbal drugs metal level in Korea is define 'less 30.0ppm in total(except mineral drugs)' including Pb Hg Cd As Cr Ni etc. This limit has a lot of problems in several factors, that is, not divide hazard and essential elements, not consider high and low toxic effect in each metal, not calculate dose-response relationship and average health behavior in Korean etc. As a that result, It has strong limits and weakness in the basic toxicology and Oriental medicine. To improve and correct these factors, We need to several new approach as like below. It must be radical study following problems in short and middle-long period in the future, toxic metal and essential element must be divide to basic toxicology and also be diverse toxic effect. But mineral drugs that included a amount of severe toxic metals is being used as active prescription drug until now. If toxic, safety and side-effect of metals will be considered, mineral drugs must prohibit instantly or use at least after examined toxic effect. But one of the most important things about herbal drugs contamination, all people and department (government, farmer and trader, oriental medicine doctors and association) will be participate cooperative and collection for preventive or the least contamination in herbal drugs.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.165-178
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• 2019

Purpose: This study examined medical college students' perception of euthanasia and analyzed whether there were significant differences in their perceptions based on their grade, religion, and economic situation. Methods: A questionnaire comprising items relating to students' knowledge about euthanasia, their economic situation relationships with patients, and the extent to which euthanasia would be allowed depending on the patient's condition. Results: Results by age and school year revealed there were no statistically significant differences concerning permissible levels of euthanasia. However, differences were found in the permissible levels of euthanasia according to changes in the patients' condition. Conclusion: It can be interpreted that students' personal values and religion had a great effect on the perception of euthanasia than the process of acquiring medical knowledge. The religion or values they have in your life affect your perception of euthanasia more than the process of acquiring and learning medical knowledge. The suffering of patients is the most important priority and it supports euthanasia on the grounds of relieving psychological distress for patients' families and the right of every patient to die gracefully. Nevertheless, considering the possibility of patient survival and euthanasia being used for murder, it is necessary to legislate the use of euthanasia and have the appropriate qualifications for its administration on patients.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.345-356
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• 2011

Based on the consideration of land based pollutant discharges from the basin and seawater quality related carrying capacity and the seawater quality improvement in receiving water bodies of Yeoja Bay where eutrophication and organic pollution are in progress, were evaluated. The permissible inflow loads of BOD, TN and TP by using the geographical features and box modelling method were estimated. As results, it is shown that the reduction rate of discharged BOD and TP loads were 39.3% and 30.8 %, respectively, however, 6.9% was estimated for TN. According to the pollutant loading in each tributary and generated load of the basin, it is given much weight on the land use group, and also was shown in discharged load estimation. This suggests that it is important to control nonpoint source pollutant such as livestock and land use groups as well as point source to contribute the proposition of the water quality improvement plan according to the characteristics of the bay.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.753-758
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• 2007

To assess the safety of solar salts of Jeollanamdo province where most of Korean solar salts are produced, 433 samples of solar salts in total were collected and analyzed for their contents of sodium chloride and heavy metals (lead, cadmium, arsenic and mercury). Sodium chloride contents ranged from 80 to 85% in 63% of solar salts analyzed. Lead was not detected in 77% of solar salt samples and showed a value of below the maximum permissible limit (2 ppm) in other samples. Cadmium was not detected in most samples (78%), and the other samples where cadmium was detected showed a value far below the maximum permissible limit (0.5 ppm) except for three ones. Arsenic was detected in only four samples, but their concentrations were far below the permissible limit (0.1 ppm). Mercury was not detected in all samples. There were some differences between producing areas in the levels of sodium chloride and lead of solar salts, but the contents of cadmium, arsenic and mercury did not show significant regional differences. These results clearly indicate that solar salts produced from Jeollanamdo province are safe in the aspects of lead, cadmium, arsenic and mercury contents.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.308-314
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• 2012

In order to monitor the residual pesticides in environment friendly agricultural commodities, fruits and fruiting vegetables. Twenty-five agricultural commodities were collected twice in May and August 2011 from nine environment friendly agricultural commodities-selling supermarkets and retail stores located in eight major cities in Korea. The number of each agricultural commodity collected, 555 samples in total, was 152 organic agricultural products, 202 pesticide-free agricultural products and 201 low-pesticide agricultural products. Pesticide residues in samples were analyzed by multiresidue method for 245 pesticides using a GC-ECD/NPD and an HPLC-DAD/FLD and the peaks suspected as pesticides were identified with a GC/MSD. As a result of pesticide residue analysis, three pesticides, bifenthrin, EPN and chlorpyrifos, were detected from four samples including apple, representing a detection rate of 0.72%. The residue levels of the four pesticide-detected samples were less than their maximum residue limits (MRLs) but one pesticide EPN detected from pear exceeded its legible criterion of one twentieth MRL. Estimated daily intakes of the pesticides detected from fruits and fruiting vegetables were less than 0.76% of their maximum permissible intake.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.107-114
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• 2009

Civil appeals on odor from swine barn have been increasing. This study was conducted to compile basic data of odor from swine barns as civil appeals on odor have been increasing. Odor was monitored from two gestating sow barns and the boundary of those barns in Suwon and Hwaseong city from June to November, 2008. Mean ammonia concentration measured at the boundary of A piggery in Suwon city was 0.9 ppm with occasional breaks of permissible limit (1.0 ppm). Mean concentrations of hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan were 0.37 ppb and 0.01 ppb, which were lower than permissible limits of 20 ppb and 2 ppb, respectively. Mean ammonia concentration was 3.22 ppm and was maintained under 5.0 ppb. Ammonia concentration had increased since November when the barns were closed. Hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan were lower than the permissible limits. Mean ammonia concentration measured at the boundary of B piggery in Hwaseong city was 16.3 ppm and steep increase of concentration was monitored after October when the barn was sealed up. Hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan were 26.66 ppb and 7.45 ppb, respectively. In appropriate ventilation and raising environment would cause high ammonia concentration in swine barns. Emitted ammonia from barns and composting facilities were mixed, which would cause higher ammonia concentration on the boundary of barns. Hence improvement of raising environment, rapid manure treatment, and correct use of microbial preparation would be needed.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.173-173
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• 2010

This thesis identified basic design elements (Sustainable Yield, Temperature of Groundwater, Depth of Well, Separation Distance between wells) regarding installation of Standing Column Well, Geothermal Heat pump System by dynamic analysis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.104-108
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• 2005

With the improvement of living quality, people's desire for quiet living environment keeps increasing. In particular, complaints about the noise emission by constrcution equipments around residential areas take most part of the noise related complaints. In this study, based on the European Directive/20n/14/EC, noise marking obligation system for the high noise construction equipment of Europe has been reviewed to implement the similar system in Korea.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1994.02a
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• pp.402-403
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• 1994

There are three different approaches to chemical risk assessment which will be considered in this paper. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency(EPA) Cancer Risk Assessment includes some of the approaches used by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) effort is an evaluated database approach similar to that used in the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Criteria Documents and in the documentations prepared by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) for the Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs) and those of the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) for the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs). A third approach is used by the Committee on Toxicology.