• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.455-465
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was to identify relationships between the levels of perceived stress, cancer-related knowledge, attitude and prevention behaviors, and to explore factors influencing cancer prevention behaviors of adult women in Korea. Methods: This study was a descriptive research, using a cross-sectional survey. A convenience sample of 314 women aged 20 to 64 was selected. A self-administered questionnaire was used to measure perceived stress, cancer-related knowledge, cancer-related attitude, and cancer prevention behaviors. The data were analyzed with the SPSS/WIN 21.0 program. Results: Cancer-related knowledge significantly differed according to age, marital status, education level, and occupation. While correlations between cancer-related knowledge, cancer-related attitude, and cancer prevention behaviors were positive, correlations between perceived stress and cancer prevention behaviors were negative. The hierarchical regression analyses revealed significant positive relations between cancer prevention behaviors and age (${\beta}=.18$, p=.003), perceived health status (${\beta}=.22$, p<.001), periodic checkup (${\beta}=.21$, p=.002), and cancer-related attitude (${\beta}=.25$, p<.001). Perceived stress on the other hand was negatively related to cancer prevention behaviors (${\beta}=-.23$, p<.001). Conclusion: Interventions targeting women, especially young adults should focus on enhancing cancer-related attitude in order to improve cancer prevention behaviors. Thus, there continues to be a need to reduce perceived stress in adult women.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.57-64
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• 2003

This study aims to discuss the characteristics on marketing distribution of landscape materials after consideration in the side of cognition on the present condition of marketing which is important factors for analysis in understanding the market of landscape materials. To do this, the investigation of marketing distribution are to collect data refer to purchases and sales reports and questionnaires, these results are used to analyzed the operative factor of forming market structure and problematic, improvement spot of marketing distribution. The periodic range of this paper is limited on 609 landscape materials and examination was performed from 21.Feb. to 15.Mar, in 2002. The results of the whole prices trends and marketing distribution survey can be summarized as follows : 1. Differences of cognition on marketing distribution among four group toward problematic spot on product and marketing of landscape materials was summarized as follows : 1) Group of landscape design : Interest of government, Various articles. 2) Group of landscape construction : Communication of marketing information, Role of intermediary ecc. 3) Group of landscape materials and cooperation between company and university : Interest of government ecc, 2. Differences of cognition on marketing distribution among four group toward improvemental spot on product and marketing of landscape materials was summarized as follows : 1) Group of landscape design and construction : Network of marketing distribution on landscape materials, Criterion of articles, Quality adiministration through establishment of sale level ecc.. 2) Group of landscape materials : Employment of specialist education program ecc.. 3) Group of cooperation between company and university : Conscious reformation of comsumer ecc.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TE
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.55-64
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• 2002

One of the most important things is Hand-0ff(H/O) in mobile phone service. Meantime soft H/O and softer H/O have been used between the same generations(2G$\longleftrightarrow$2G) and there is little problem. With user's needs and the development of communication technology, the system with different generation coexists and pilot beacon and time-periodic beacon are used for H/O between generations(2.5G$\longleftrightarrow$G) to start service, but it is not economic and efficient. To improve such problems, ENHHO developed in April 2001 has recently used. Unfortunately, this method also has the defect of momentary cutoff of communication information during the procedure of H/O in case of mote than 5 pilot signals. Accordingly, we suggest algorithm to improve the problem of ENHHO and examines its propriety by analyzing the results of field survey using the algorithm.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.67-76
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• 1991

Masan Bay is infamous for its severe eutrophication, exemplified by frequent red tide incidences and anoxic conditions. We carried out daily observations for 16 days at one site immediately after the summer rainy season in 1988 on the basis that shorter observation intervals be necessary to observe a process with high turnover rate. in spite of the relatively short survey period, we could observe dramatic changes in abundance and composition of the phytoplankton populations. Cell densities and chlorophyll concentrations changed in the magnitude of 70 and 10 times, respectively, Skeletonema costatum, a diatom species, dominated the first peak of phytoplankton biomass and was followed by Prorocentrum minimum, a dinoflagellate species, which occurred dominantly in the second peak after about a week, form the viewpoint of time scale, we suggest that at least a weekly sampling might be appropriate in complex coastal environments as Masan Bay. While stratification enabled high production in the surface layer, it hindered the transport of silicate from bottom to the surface, which in turn limited the prolonged growth of diatoms. Ensued second peaks of silicate and diatom abundance in the surface layer suggest periodic flux of silicate from bottom across the discontinuity driven by tidal currents.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.761-764
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• 2011

Purpose: Pediatric facial laceration takes a huge part of patients visiting emergency room and generates social attention for its proper emergency care. So much more attention should be paid to the proper treatment at emergency care unit, and furthermore, thorough survey of background information of the pediatric facial laceration may offer more proper prevention. Methods: According to annual reports of 2009 and 2010, out of 5149 facial laceration patients who were given primary medical care at our clinic, 1452 patients were aged under 15 years old. Retrospective analysis of each pediatric facial lacerations were evaluated according to gender, age, periodic table, cause of injury, place of injury, sites of injury and so on. Results: Pediatric facial laceration was found to occur mostly at 1 year old as they learn to walk and explore their environment. Evaluated analysis revealed that pediatric facial accidents occurred mostly on forehead region (75%), on Sundays, from 5 p.m. to 8 p.m., at home (61.5%). Most common cause of injury was collision (54.5%). Conclusion: In large group of pediatric facial laceration cases provided us with an surprising fact that accidents most commonly occur under parental supervision. This fact gives an actual understanding regarding pediatric facial laceration and more realistic approach in its prevention strategy.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.53-64
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to create the program for efficient inventory management and reduction, investigating the present conditions and factors of the inventory throughout current apparel industry. The research method applied in this study is to survey 92 domestic companies which were randomly selected with respect to the kinds of goods produced : men′s wear, women′s wear, and unisex wear. The research can be summarized as follows : 1. The seasonal stock rate of current apparel industry was 28.75%, and the rate of men′s wear companies was higher than that of women′s and unisex wear companies. 19.43% of stock cost reflection rate was applied, and the stack cost of men′s and women′s wear companies was higher than that of unisex wear companies. 2. Periodic bargain sale was the most frequently used way of stock clearance, and "uniform price sale"and outlet stores were the second and the third irrespectively. Unisex wear companies appeared to be more enthusiastic in stock clearance than the companies belonging to the other two categories. The main places for the stock clearance were department stores, outlet stores and enterprises specialized in the stock clearance. 3. QR production was proved to be the most commonly adjusted method of stock reduction, and the emphasis on development of new design and the utilization of stock management system through computer network were the next, While unisex wear companies had established the positive policies, men′s wear companies took lukewarm altitudes in every aspect. The companies selling on an order were 18.64%, and unisex wear companies showed the higher rate. The lead-time after QR production was 10.91 days, and it seemed to take more time for men′s wear companies than for women′s and unisex wear companies. The rate of the chance in stock was proved to decrease by 12.94%, and there was found no meaningful difference among the three categories of apparel companies.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.1183-1192
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• 2012

Objectives : This study is for suggesting the data base for help mother and child improve the oral health enhancement action from understanding child's oral health enhancement action from mother's oral health education experience and researching the effects of mother's oral health enhancement action on child's oral health enhancement action. Methods : The subject was 220 children and mothers of some kindergarten in Jeollabuk-do, Korea out of convenience'sampling. The results were collected by carrying out a survey out of self record method from visiting the kindergarten from June 24th to July 12th. and were analyzed. Results : 1. The mother's and child's oral health enhancement action was satisfactory in the factor of 'toothbrushing', 'oral hygiene care item' and 'periodic visits' in case the subjects have experienced oral health education, and that data was meaningful statistically. 2. In the oral health enhancement action practiced by mother to child from existence or absence of the mother's oral health education experience, the data was meaningful statistically in the factor of 'directly brushing its teeth more than once a day', 'washing its tongue' and 'coaching that child could keep the toothbrush not to overlap with other toothbrushes'. 3. In the factor that affect to oral health enhancement action practiced by mother to child, 'toothbrushing' and 'oral hygiene care item' were high level of the mother's oral health enhancement action, and that data was meaningful'statistically. Conclusions : The children's oral health condition could be influenced by mother's oral health knowledges and attention. Accordingly, oral health education for the mother and child has to be enforced'systematically'suited for the characteristic change of oral condition with children age groups. Also, utilizing human resources who have expertise and development of the oral health education program are needed.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.96-106
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• 2008

Objectives: The objective of the study was to resolve various elements of conflict by presenting the results of the study and to help build an enhanced oriental medical service system. Methods: The researcher collected data from 12/15/2006 to 1/31/2007. A total of 1000 questionnaires were sent out to oriental medical doctors working at oriental medical facilities and the 15% (150 questionnaires) of them that were returned completed were analyzed. Results: 1. As to the proper proportion of oriental medical doctors to western medical doctors, they said it should be less than 20%. About separating the task of prescribing oriental medicine (herb) from oriental medical treatment, 80.7% of them were against it. 98.7% said oriental medical doctors needed the control of medical technicians. 2. 72.3% said they had no intention of taking the U.S. NCCAOM board to practice oriental medicine overseas. A majority (57.7%) were in favor of unifying oriental medical license with western medical license. 3. Oriental medical doctors had greater job satisfaction [than all oriental medical doctors number]. If they were to choose another occupation than oriental medicine they would consider becoming a research fellow above all other occupations. If they were to reenter college, they said they would probably choose oriental medical school. However, the choice of reentering oriental medical school was lower than that of western medical school. Conclusion: This study has also statistically determined the current issues that may pose conflicting views on the part of the respondents. A periodic study such as this one will hopefully aid in establishing policies for oriental medicine.

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.11-16
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• 2007

The use of general anesthesia as a special method of behavior management is necessary if certain handicapped or disabled child patient to receive dental treatment. This study was designed to report the results of 53 cases of complete oral rehabilitation under general anesthesia. The data were obtained from patients who were provided with dental treatment under general anesthesia for last 3years managed at the Dept. of pediatric dentistry in PNU Hospital. The distribution of age, gender, primary reason for general anesthesia, duration of dental procedure, number of treated tooth and periodic recall check-up were surveyed. In distribution of age, most(78%) were younger than 10 years and mean was 13.0 years. The reasons for providing general anesthesia were lack of cooperation due to various mental and physical handicapped situation(74%), congenital heart disease(13%), combined with medically compromised and behavior problem and others. The average duration of the treatments was 2 hours and 41 minutes and average duration of the anesthesia was 3 hours and 6minutes. The mean number of treated with restoration a children were 16.7 teeth. From the results, total dental rehabilitation under general anesthesia is a favorable modality to improve for disabled children's oral condition.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.75-88
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• 2019

Diagnostic reference level (DRL) is employed to optimize the radiation doses of patients. The objective of this study is to review the DRLs for interventional procedures in Korea and abroad. Literature review was performed to investigate radiation dose index and measurement methodology commonly used in DRL determination. Dose area product (DAP) and fluoroscopy time within each major procedure category were systematically abstracted and analyzed. A wide variation was found in the radiation dose. The DAP values and fluoroscopy times ranged 0.01-3,081 Gy·㎠ and 2-16,878 seconds for all the interventional procedures, 8.5-1,679 Gy·㎠ and 32-5,775 seconds for the transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE), and 0.1-686 Gy·㎠ and 16-6,636 seconds for the transfemoral cerebral angiography (TFCA), respectively. The DRL values of the DAP and fluoroscopy time were 238 Gy·㎠ and 1,224 seconds for the TACE and 189 Gy·㎠ and 686 seconds for the TFCA, respectively. Generally, the DRLs of Korea were lower than those of other developed countries, except for the percutaneous transluminal angioplasty with stent in arteries of the lower extremity (LE PTA and stent), aneurysm coil embolization, and Hickman insertion procedures. The wide variation in the radiation doses of the different procedures suggests that more attention must be paid to reduce unnecessary radiation exposure from medical imaging. Furthermore, periodic nationwide survey of medical radiation exposures is necessary to optimize the patient dose for radiation protection, which will ultimately contribute to patient dose reduction and radiological safety.