• 한국생활과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.125-126
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• 2009

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.250-256
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• 2011

In this work, the effects of surfactant and solvents, such as benzyl alcohol and n-propyl alcohol, on the human hair dyeing with acid dye was investigated including the amount of dyes in hair according to dyeing time, temperature, and pH. And the damage of dyed hair was assessed by water retention, protein release, and SEM images of the dyed hairs. By adding benzyl alcohol in acid dyeing, the dyeing rate was increased and the dyeing equilibrium was established at early stage. The water retention of the dyed hair was increased and the protein release of the dyed hair was decreased. Therefore the hair was damaged less during the dyeing.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.136-141
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• 2012

Diversification and individualization are pursued to fulfill the increasing human desire for beauty. There are many methods to change human appearances; of these, a permanent wave is often applied to improve beauty. A permanent wave uses physical and chemical methods to break and reform the bonds of natural hair. Thus, research into the optimized conditions for permanent waves is necessary to minimize hair damage and improve the efficiency of the treatment. The object of this study is to examine the effect of varying the alkalinity (8%, 12%, and 16%) of the permanent wave treatment on the wave efficiency, degree of hair damage via tensile strength, and degree of hair protein release. The results indicate that the treatment with the highest alkalinity (16%) is more effective than that with 8% alkalinity; however, the degree of hair damage when treated with the 16% alkalinity wave is higher than with the 8% alkalinity wave. Additionally, hair proteins increasingly dissolve with increasing alkalinity of the permanent wave.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.45-52
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• 1997

It is the problem point of stability for this study to produce cosmetics and to occur in the circulation process, and specially in a case of alcoholic toilet water the precipitation materials to float on content materials has study on the solubility of perfume, and it has practiced in order to examine the problem point whether the raw materials of plastic vessel is or not harmful in content materials. In testing result, A study on stability of alcoholic toilet water is above all the precipitation materials which floats in content materials, and It is appeared by combination ratio to the raw materials of perfume, ethanol, solubilizer and refining water etcs, and in second the alkali degree which has gushed out of glass vessel can understand the thing that the change of PH is largely increased following to the passage of time, and in third the harmful component of content materials out of raw material in plastics vessel must certainly consider a stability and a safety in quality control of products.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.97-102
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• 2010

The enhancement of immunity for atopic dermatitis with application of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)-loaded liposome was evaluated on NC/Nga mice. The EPA-loaded liposome was coated with thiol-chitosan. The liposomes were characterized with transmission electron microscopy (TEM), surface zeta potential & particle size analyzer (Zeta-PSA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The loading efficiency of EPA in the liposome was about 4.7%. The particle size of the EPA-Ioaded liposome was about 230 nm. The values of Immunoglobulin E (IgE), interleukin-4 (IL-4), and tumor necrosis factor-$\alpha$ (TNF-$\alpha$) were reduced significantly with application of the EPA-loaded liposome. The interferon-$\gamma$ (IFN-$\gamma$) value was increased with the application effect. It is concluded that EPA loaded liposome have immunity advancing effects in mouse model of atopic dermatitis.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.108-126
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• 1993

The functions of polyoxyethylene tocopheryl ethers [POE(n)TEs] in emulsion, solubilization and gel were studied. For emulsification of liquid paraffin, POE(10)TE showed better emulsifying effect in O/W emulsions than others tested. The effects of oil and polyol content on the formulation of W/O and O/W emulsions were also studied. In O/W emulsion, the viscosity was increased by increasing the liquid paraffin content, at about 70%, and slightly increased by increasing the propylene glycol content, However, in W/O emulsion, the viscosity was decreased by increasing the oil content, and also decreased by increasing the propylene glycol content, For solubilization of perfume oil, POE(18)TE showed better solubilizing effect than the others tested. The gelling effect of POE(n)TEs increased with ethylene oxide chain length up to 50 moles. The gelling property was evaluated for hardness and viscosity.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.305-312
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• 2012

In this study, we investigated the effects of oxidative permanent hair coloring agents on the dyeability and the damage of human hair. p-phenylenediamine and toluene-2.5-diamine sulfate were used as a hair coloring agent precursers. The degree of dyeability was checked by the change of CIELAB $L^*$ value according to dyeing time. And the damage of hair was evaluated by the tensile strength and morphological change of hair in SEM. When the hair was dyed, the CIELAB $L^*$ value was decreased with dyeing time regardless of the type of precursers. But when the hair was dyed after nutritional treatment, the CIELAB $L^*$ value showed lower level. This means that the nutritional treatment covers the scale of hair and protects the hair from the chemicals.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.18
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• pp.373-381
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• 1992

Woman in Choson era had various kind of accdssories like rings, ear ring, ornamentak hairpins and so on. Among them their favorite was the Norigae, the pendent trinket. With the embroidered ornament at its center, beads and knots were attached to the upper and lower part, and it was hung with a tassel. It was carried on the string of the Chogori. norigae oreginated in waist string of Three Countries era(Sills, Paekje and Koguryo) ; had been changed with the development of fashion, embroidery and the influence of Buddhistic culture. The differences between Embroidered Norigae and Norigae are following. If the ornament at its center is made of such jewels as gold, silver, jade and the like, it is called Norigae. But if the ornament at its center is made of the embroidered Norigae. Such a Embroidered Norigae in which perfume was contained, was as a perfume box or a perfume bag and was carried on the strings of Chogori by Danjak(single work). The Differences between ancient Embroidered Norigae of late Choson era and modern Embroidered Norigae are Following; 1) The type of main body-the embroidered ornament at its center was mainly embroidered with the shape of animals in both of ancient Embroidered Norigae was usually formes like a bat and that of modern Embroidered Norigae like butterfly. 2) plants were adapted as the main design of ancient Embroidered Norigae, but plants and animals as that of modern Embroidered Norigae. 3) The colors of the background and the design are usually red in both ancient and modern Embroidered norigae. 4) The tassels of ancient Embroidered Norigae were mode in the shape of srick and a strawberry. but the tassels of modern Embroidered Norigae were mainly made in the shape of a stick. 5) Nowadays the beauty of external form is considered more important while the symbol of main body was considered more important in Choson era. 6) The role of Thidon in the composition of Embroidered Norigae is declined and a lot of main bodies are used in modern Embroidered Norigae. 7) Modern Korean people are apt to choose Embroidered Norigae depending upon the design of main body and the traditional Korean beauty. 8) Modern people who desire to get new thing, try to make the design of main body various. As their cognition of Korean tradition is of the increase, the restoration of ancient Embroidered Norigae to its original form has been accom

• Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.28-34
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• 2001

To analyze chemical compositions of softwood vinegar prepared with continuous carbonized kiln, the chemical compositions were analyzed by GC-MS spectrometry. The results were summarized as follow : 1. The amounts of methylalcohol and acetic acid and of vinegar were 0.12% and 0.8% respectively, and acidity was 0.85 2. Perfume components of vinegar were frufual, 5-meayl-2-furancarboxyaldehyde, 2,3-pentanedione, 2-butanol, 2,3-dihydrofuran, 1-(2-furanyl)-etanone, benzaldehyde, 2-furan carboxyaldehyde and acetic acid. 3 Vinegar prepared from softwood, so that murk amount of guaiacyl compound and phenol derivetives are produced from lignin and extractives was analγzed. 4 The yield of 4-methyl-di-tert-butylphenol was the highest in the nutural and carbonyl and acetic acid in the acid fractions, 3-ethylpentane in the basic fraction, and guaiacol in the phenolic fraction.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.427-439
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• 2008

In order to effectively communicate the fragrances of commercial perfumes to consumers, it is important to apply congruent colors to their bottles and packaging. This research investigated the cross-modal associations between colors and fragrances through two experiments. In the first experiment, bottle colors of more than 200 popular perfumes in the market were analyzed. Distinguishable color design patterns of the bottles were revealed in accordance with their fragrance types. The second experiment expanded the use of color-odor matching task to a test population of Korean participants. Participants selected colors evoked by fragrances of three test perfumes in a blind setting. These three perfumes had characteristic hues and their associated hues were similar with the real colors of their bottles. In addition, there were significant variations in color tone across fragrance notes, viz. the top notes, middle notes, and base notes. The results of the two experiments suggest the existence of robust cross-modal associations between particular colors and fragrances in commercial perfumery.