• Review of Culture and Economy
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.35-59
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• 2017

The main objective of this study is to analyze which aspects between cultural budget or cultural activity (such as musical, theater, classic performance etc) will affect more to enhance the happiness of the local government residents. This study tries to analyze the effect of 'cultural aspect' on local residents' happiness because relatively there are not enough studies to analyze the relationship between culture and happiness. Especially, it is hard to find out studies focusing on both cultural budget and activities. According to the empirical results, the relationship between cultural budget and citizens happiness turns out to be statistically significant in the direction of the positive, while the relationship between cultural activities and citizens happiness does not turn out to be statistically significant. This finding can be justified for policy makers to increase cultural budget to make cultural city. In addition, the reason why cultural activities are not significant can be interpreted from the perspective of 'accessibility', 'degree of quality' and 'incompatibility of cultural demand of residents' and finally this study provides various policy implications.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.31 no.12
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• pp.1863-1870
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• 2018

Objective: The Bayesian first-order antedependence models, which specified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) effects as being spatially correlated in the conventional BayesA/B, had more accurate genomic prediction than their corresponding classical counterparts. Given advantages of $BayesC{\pi}$ over BayesA/B, we have developed hyper-$BayesC{\pi}$, ante-$BayesC{\pi}$, and ante-hyper-$BayesC{\pi}$ to evaluate influences of the antedependence model and hyperparameters for $v_g$ and $s_g^2$ on $BayesC{\pi}$.Methods: Three public data (two simulated data and one mouse data) were used to validate our proposed methods. Genomic prediction performance of proposed methods was compared to traditional $BayesC{\pi}$, ante-BayesA and ante-BayesB. Results: Through both simulation and real data analyses, we found that hyper-$BayesC{\pi}$, ante-$BayesC{\pi}$ and ante-hyper-$BayesC{\pi}$ were comparable with $BayesC{\pi}$, ante-BayesB, and ante-BayesA regarding the prediction accuracy and bias, except the situation in which ante-BayesB performed significantly worse when using a few SNPs and ${\pi}=0.95$. Conclusion: Hyper-$BayesC{\pi}$ is recommended because it avoids pre-estimated total genetic variance of a trait compared with $BayesC{\pi}$ and shortens computing time compared with ante-BayesB. Although the antedependence model in $BayesC{\pi}$ did not show the advantages in our study, larger real data with high density chip may be used to validate it again in the future.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.823-837
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• 2018

The objective of this study was to evaluate the firmness and the sweetness index (SI) of tomatoes with a hyperspectral imaging (HSI) technique within the wavelength range of 1000 - 1550 nm. The hyperspectral images of 95 tomatoes were acquired with a push-broom hyperspectral reflectance imaging system, from which the mean spectra of each tomato were extracted from the regions of interest. The reference firmness and sweetness index of the same sample was measured and calibrated with their corresponding spectral data by partial least squares (PLS) regression with different preprocessing methods. The calibration model developed by PLS regression based on the Savitzky-Golay second-derivative preprocessed spectra resulted in a better performance for both the firmness and the SI of the tomatoes compared to models developed by other preprocessing methods. The correlation coefficients ($R_{pred}$) were 0.82, and 0.74 with a standard error of prediction of 0.86 N, and 0.63, respectively. Then, the feature wavelengths were identified using a model-based variable selection method, i.e., variable importance in projection, from the PLS regression analyses. Finally, chemical images were derived by applying the respective regression coefficients on the spectral image in a pixel-wise manner. The resulting chemical images provided detailed information on the firmness and the SI of the tomatoes. The results show that the proposed HSI technique has potential for rapid and non-destructive evaluation of firmness and the sweetness index of tomatoes.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.224-232
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• 2019

Objective: Apart from various climatic differences, corn harvest stage and varieties are two major factors that can influence the yield and quality of corn silage in the tropics. A study was conducted to determine the optimum harvest stage of four corn varieties for silage production in Malaysia. Methods: Corn was harvested at four growth stages; silking, milk, dough, and dent stages from four varieties; Sweet Corn hybrid 926, Suwan, breeding test line (BTL) 1 and BTL 2. Using a split plot design, the treatments were then analysed based on the plant growth performance, yield, nutritive and feeding values followed by a financial feasibility study for potential commercialization. Results: Significant differences and interactions were detected across the parameters suggesting varying responses among the varieties towards the harvest stages. Sweet Corn was best harvested early in the dough stage due to high dry matter (DM) yield, digestible nutrient, and energy content with low fibre portion. Suwan was recommended to be harvested at the dent stage when it gave the highest DM yield with optimum digestible nutrient and energy content with low acid detergent fibre. BTL 1 and BTL 2 varieties can either be harvested at dough or dent stages as the crude protein, crude fibre, DM yield, DM content, digestible nutrient and energy were not significantly different at either stage. Further financial analysis showed that only Sweet Corn production was not financially feasible while Suwan had the best financial appraisal values among the grain varieties. Conclusion: In conclusion, only the grain varieties tested had the potential for silage making according to their optimum harvest stage but Suwan is highly recommended for commercialization as it was the most profitable.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.238-247
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• 2018

This paper considers the problem of scheduling loading and unloading operations of a crane in a railway terminal motivated from rail-road container transshipment operations at Uiwang Inland Container Depot (ICD). Unlike previous studies only considering the total handling time of containers, this paper considers a bi-criteria objective of minimizing the weighted sum of the total handling time and tenant service time. The tenant service time is an important criterion in terms of terminal tenants who are private logistics companies in charge of moving containers from/to the terminal using their trucks. In the rail-road container shipment yard, the tenant service time of a tenant can be defined by a time difference between beginning and finishing loading and unloading operations of a crane. Thus, finding a set of sequences and time of the crane operations becomes a crucial decision issue in the problem. The problem is formulated as a nonlinear program which is improved by linearizing a nonlinear constraint in the model. This paper develops a genetic algorithm to solve the problem and performs a case study on the Uiwang ICD terminal. Computational experiment results show that the genetic algorithm shows better performance than commercial optimization solvers. Operational implications in terms of tenants are drawn through sensitivity analyses.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.1-21
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• 2019

The objective of this study is three-fold: to investigate the relationship between information technology (IT) investment and inventory turnover, using 98 U.S. firms spanning eleven years (from 1999 to 2009); to analyze the correlation of inventory turnover with firm and industry characteristics, where vertical integration and growth options are chosen to reflect the features of the firm's internal characteristics, and industry dynamism and industry concentration are selected to represent the industry's competitive environment; and to examine time trends in inventory turnover. The significant findings include the following: (i) both IT investment and growth options have a positive impact on inventory turnover; (ii), but vertical integration and industry concentration have a negative impact on inventory turnover; (iii) the impact of industry dynamism on inventory turnover positive; and (iv) the time trends in inventory turnover and 'adjusted inventory turnover' have been increased during the sample period from 1999 to 2009.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.105-115
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• 2018

The descriptive-type question is appropriate for deep thinking ability evaluation, but it is not easy to grade. Since, even though same grading criterion, the graders produce different scores, we need the objective evaluation system. However, the system needs the Korean analysis. As the descriptive-type answering is described with the compound sentence, the system has to analyze the compound sentence. This paper develops the Korean syntactic-semantic analysis system for compound sentence and evaluates performance of the system. This system selects the modifiee of the word phrase using syntactic-semantic constraint and semantic dictionary. The 93% accurate rate shows that the system is effective. This system will be utilized in descriptive-type grading and Korean processing.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.150-156
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• 2018

This study aims to develop an improved Feldkamp-Davis-Kress (FDK) reconstruction algorithm using anisotropic total variation (ATV) minimization to enhance the image quality of low-dose cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). The algorithm first applies a filter that integrates the Shepp-Logan filter into a cosine window function on all projections for impulse noise removal. A total variation objective function with anisotropic penalty is then minimized to enhance the difference between the real structure and noise using the steepest gradient descent optimization with adaptive step sizes. The preserving parameter to adjust the separation between the noise-free and noisy areas is determined by calculating the cumulative distribution function of the gradient magnitude of the filtered image obtained by the application of the filtering operation on each projection. With these minimized ATV projections, voxel-driven backprojection is finally performed to generate the reconstructed images. The performance of the proposed algorithm was evaluated with the catphan503 phantom dataset acquired with the use of a low-dose protocol. Qualitative and quantitative analyses showed that the proposed ATV minimization provides enhanced CBCT reconstruction images compared with those generated by the conventional FDK algorithm, with a higher contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), lower root-mean-square-error, and higher correlation. The proposed algorithm not only leads to a potential imaging dose reduction in repeated CBCT scans via lower mA levels, but also elicits high CNR values by removing noisy corrupted areas and by avoiding the heavy penalization of striking features.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.129-135
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• 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study is to present the scientific and quantitative data by finding the common points and differences of the side-kick according to the height change through the difference of the side kick motion performance according to the three target height changes and the function of the lower limbs muscle in side kick motion of Taekwondo Poomsae. Method: For this, total 14 players were selected who were registered in Korea Taekwondo Association and skilled group 7 players who had a medal from national competition and 7 players who did not have Taekwondo experience from department of physics. 4 video cameras to the feature on side kick per target height, and the subjects' support foot was located on the ground reactor and the practice was conducted 3 times: waist, chest, and head as the target height. the basic materials were collected by using Kwon 3D XP program and the T-test was conducted to verify the statistic difference between groups (SPSS 24.0). At this time, the statistics significance level was set as .05 and the following conclusion was obtained. Results: The lower the proficiency and the higher the height, the more the joint coordination between the hip and the knee. Conclusion: Summary of the result shows a common point that the change of target's height makes the lower the proficiency and the higher the height, the more the joint coordination between the hip and the knee. Also, the higher the target's height became, the greater angular momentum of thighs, shanks, foot became in common.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.173-183
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• 2019

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation coefficients between anthropometric parameters of the foot and kinetic variables during running. Method: This study was conducted on 21 healthy young adults (age: $24.8{\pm}2.1yes$, height: $177.2{\pm}5.8cm$, body mass: $73.3{\pm}7.3kg$, foot length: $256.5{\pm}12.3mm$) with normal foot type and heel strike running. To measure the anthropometric parameters, radiographs were taken on the frontal and sagittal planes, and determined the length and width of each segment and the navicular height. Barefoot running was performed at a preferred velocity ($3.0{\pm}0.2m/s$) and a fixed velocity (4.0 m/s) on treadmill (Bertec, USA) in order to measure the kinetic variables. The vertical impact peak force, the vertical active peak force, the braking peak force, the propulsion peak force, the vertical force at mid-stance (vertical ground reaction when the foot is fully landed in mid-stance or at the point where the weight was uniformly distributed on the foot) and the impact loading rate were calculated. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to investigate the relationship between anthropometric variables and kinetical variables. The significance level was set to ${\alpha}=.05$. Results: At the preferred velocity running, the runner with longer forefoot had lower active force (r=-.448, p=.041) than the runner with short forefoot. At the fixed velocity, as the navicular height increases, the vertical force at full landing moment increases (r= .671, p= .001) and as the rearfoot length increases, the impact loading rate decreases (r=- .469, p= .032). Conclusion: There was a statistically significant difference in the length of fore-foot and rearfoot, and navicular height. Therefore it was conclude that anthropometric properties need to be considered in the foot study. It was expected that the relationship between anthropometric parameters and kinetical variables of foot during running can be used as scientific criteria and data in various fields including performance, injury and equipment development.