• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.109-117
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• 2006

Photoinhibition and photoprotection of PSII in the leaves of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) grown in Hoagland solution and Tap water were compared. Though changes in the rates of $O_2$ evolution as a function of photon fluence rate (PFR) were comparable, the rates of respiration in the dark was 3 times higher in the Hoagland solution grown leaves than in the Tap-water grown ones. Compared to Hoagland solution grown plane, PSIIs of Tap water grown pepper leaves were more susceptible to photoinhibitory light treatment. In order to inactivate functional PSII to the same extents, Hoagland solution grown plants required almost 2-fold high light $(1600{\mu}molm^{-2}s^-)$ treatment than those of Tap water $(900{\mu}molm^{-2}s^-)$. Interestingly, the remaining fraction of PSII in Hoagland grown pepper was able to survive under prolonged illumination in the presence of lincomycin, which probably means that the growth condition of plant seemed to have an effect on the recovery of PSII from light stress. When PSII was severly photoinactivated at a chilling temperature, recovery was observed only if the residual functional PSII were not inhibited with DCMU, Nigericin and MV during recovery. In conclusion, PSIIs grown in the Hoagland solution was more resistant to excess light than in the Tap water grown one and the recovery of PSII from photodamage was more efficient in Hoagland grown pepper leaves than Tap water grown one, which means that the increased dark respiration may play a important role in the protection of PSII from photoinhibition by helping repair photosynthetic proteins (in particular, the D1 protein of PSII) degraded by photoinhibition.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.632-640
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• 2021

Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) causes severe economic loss in crop productivity of both agriculture and horticulture crops in Korea. The previous surveys showed that naturally available biopolymer material - chitosan (CS), which is from shrimp cells, reduced CMV accumulation on pepper. To improve the antiviral activity of CS, it was synthesized to form phosphate cross-linked chitosan (PCS) and compared with the original CS. Initially, the activity of CS and PCS (0.01%, 0.05%, and 0.1% concentration) compound against PMMoV infection and replication was tested using a half-leaf assay on Nicotiana glutinosa leaves. The total number of local lesions represented on a leaf of N. glutinosa were counted and analyzed with phosphate buffer treated leaves as a negative control. The leaves treated with a 0.1% concentration of CS or PCS compounds exhibited an inhibition effect by 40-75% compared with the control leaves. The same treatment significantly reduced about 40% CMV accumulation measured by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and increased the relative expression levels of the NPR1, PR-1, cysteine protease inhibitor gene, LOX, PAL, SRC2, CRF3 and ERF4 genes analyzed by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, in chili pepper plants.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.68-68
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• 2022

The pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), belonging to the tobamovirus genus, is currently one of the most destructive pathogens in pepper production. Tobamoviruses have been classified in terms of increased pathogenicity as pathotypes P₀, P₁, P_1,2, P_1,2,3 and P_1,2,3,4, based on their ability to infect systemically Capsicum L⁰ , L¹ , L² , L³ and L⁴ resistant plants, respectively. Two hundred eighty pepper germplasms and 5 reference accessions known as resistant L alleles, were analyzed to select the resistance cultivars against PMMoV- P_1,2,3 (CV130614-2) using bioassay and genetic markers. The susceptible accessions showed systemic symptom when inoculated with PMMoV- P_1,2,3. However, accessions including IT223737, were resistant as they developed necrotic local lesions only on inoculated leaves, whereas no symptoms were observed on the upper leaves. Moreover, RT-PCR results for detecting the presence of virus were also negative. Thus, those accessions will be used as a novel source to facilitate introduction the resistant gene into commercial cultivars of pepper.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.301-305
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• 2003

기주식물에 따른 꽃노랑총채벌레의 생태적 특성을 조사한 결과, 가지, 오이, 고추, 토마토의 잎과 꽃잎에서 꽃노랑총채벌레의 발육기간은 고추 잎에서 6.4일로 가장 길었고, 생존율도 고추 잎에서 67%로 가장 낮았다. 오이의 잎에서 암컷의 수명이 16일로 가장 길었고, 꽃잎에서는 8.1일로 가장 짧았다. 꽃노랑총채벌레 암컷 성충은 가지, 오이, 고추, 토마토 중 토마토 꽃잎을 가장 선호하는 것으로 나타났고, 가지 성묘의 잎 위치별 부화 유충수는 중위 잎에 가장 많았다. 가지의 잎과 꽃잎에 대한 꽃노랑총채벌레 암컷 성충의 서식 선호성은 꽃잎을 더 선호하였고, 4개 작물(가지, 오이, 고추, 토마토)중 꽃잎에 대한 서식 선호성은 고추에서 가장 높았다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.945-956
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• 2021

The effective growth of pepper seedlings relies on the growing period and tray used, which both aim to minimize seedling damage during the transplantation process. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of red and green pepper seedling growth in plug and cylindrical paper pot (CPP) trays with different growth periods of the seedlings. Two different seedling growth trays were used for the two varieties of pepper seedlings in the same growing media. The pepper seedling growth rates were investigated at 15, 30, and 45 days for each of variety. Important parameters, e.g., the plant height, fresh weight for the plant and root, number of leaves, leaf length and width, and leaf chlorophyll contents, were measured. During the experiment, the CPP tray maintained uniform seedling growth as compared to the plug tray. CPP trays ensured the height of the seedling, with these results 0.84 to 1.6 times higher than those of the plug tray for all conditions, indicating the good quality of the pepper seedlings. The shoot and root weights were found to be greater with more leaves in the CPP tray seedlings for 45 days compared to the seedlings grown in the plug tray, whereas the green pepper variety showed a greater leaf ratio than the red pepper seedlings. The analysis of pepper seedling growth presented in this study will guide the selection of suitable growth trays and seedling periods for farmers when they undertake automatic pepper transplantation in the field.

• 식물병연구
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.166-169
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• 2003

고추재배에서 갈색점무늬병에 의한 반점 황화 조기낙엽 등의 피해로 수량감소를 일으키고 있어, 이 병해에 대한 저항성 육종을 위해서 병원균의 인위접종에 의한 발병조건을 확립하고자 한다. 본 실험 결과, 발병온도는 접종 후 야간 15~$20^{\circ}C$/주간 20~$25^{\circ}C$에서 습실을 경과하는 것이 발병이 가장 양호하였다. 접종묘령은 접종 후 병반 형성수가 많으면서 낙엽이 적게되는 30~40일 유묘가 발병이 가장 좋았다. 고추 유묘에 포자현탁액으로 접종할 경우 3.4 ${\times}$ $10^5$ conidia/ml 농도가 적당하며 접종 후 병반수로 저항성 정도를 조사할 때 20일까지 적당하였다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.63-67
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• 2002

To understand plant-pathogen interactions, a complete set of hot pepper genes differentially expressed against pathogen attack was isolated. As an initial step, hundreds of differentially expressed cDNAS were isolated from hot pepper leaves showing non-host resistance against bacterial plant pathogens (Xanthomonas campestris pv. glycines and Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae) using differential display reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (DDDRT-PCR) technique. Reverse Northern and Northern blot analyses revealed that 50% of those genes were differentially expressed in pepper loaves during non-host resistance response. Among them, independent genes without redundancy were micro-arrayed for further analysis. Random EST sequence database were also generated from various CDNA libraries including pepper tissue specific libraries and leaves showing non-host hypersensitive response against X. campestris pv. glycines. As a primary stage, thousands of cDNA clones were sequenced and EST data were analyzed. These clones are being spotted on glass slide to study the expression profiling. Results of this study may further broaden knowledge on plant-pathogen interactions.

• Plant Resources
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.6-12
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• 1998

The Fp1 gene, originally isolated from red pepper seedlings, encode the iron storage protein, and have a high homology with ferritin genes at DNA and amino acid level. In order to determine ferritin protein expression in vegetative tissue. Fp1 gene was constructed in plant expression vector(PIG12IHm) and introduced in red pepper(var. Bukang, Chungyang and Kalag-Kimjang 2) via Agrobacterium tumefaciensmediated transformation. After selection on MS media containing Kanamycin(Km), putatively selected transformants were confirmed by amplification of selectable marker gene(Fp1 and NPII) by polymerase chain reaction. Northern blot showed that transcripts of Fp1 gene were detected in mature leaves of the plants. In A6, A7 and A8 and A14 of transgenic plants, transcript of Fp1 gene was increased seven-fold to eight-fold than other transgenic plants. Also the proteins obtained from leaves of transgenic plants were immunologically detected by Western blot using rabbit anti-ferritin polyclonal antibody. The expression protein appeared as strong band of apparent mass of 23.5kDa. suggesting the iron accumulation in transgenic red pepper plants.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.185-190
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• 2004

Agrobacterium을 이용한 GUS 유전자를 효과적으로 발현시키기 위하여 수행되어진 실험 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 박테이라 농도별 실험을 수행한 결과 균의 전처리 배양 농도 O $D_{600nm}$ 0.3일때 원심분리한 후 얻어진 균을 희석한 후의 최종 농도는 O $D_{600nm}$ 0.8로 맞춘 실험 처리구에서 GUS 유전자 발현율이55%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 병원성 유도 배지 내에 Acetosyringone (AS)이 첨가되지 않은 경우 GUS 유전자가 발현된 고추 잎을 얻을 수 없었으나, 200$\mu$M을 첨가했을 때 90%의 가장 높은 GUS 유전자 발현율을 나타내어 많은 수의 GUS spots을 관찰할 수 있었다. Agrobacterium에 의한 고추 잎의 감염 정도를 조사한 바 Agrobacterium으로 감염시킨지 3일째부터는 박테리아 에한 감염 정도가 심해져서 GUS 유전자 발현 정도가 약해지므로 Agrobacterium으로 감염시킨지 2일째 되었을 때 GUS 유전자 발현이 가장 강하게 나타난 것을 확인하였다. 이 같은 결과는 박테리아에 의한 감염이 일어난지 3일째 부터는 식물체의 감염부위 고사를 일으키는 것과 관련된 것으로 보인다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.75-77
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• 1984

진주지방 vinyl house에서 자란 고추잎에 생긴 병반(病斑)을 채집하여 병원균(病原菌)을 분리(分離)하였다. 분리(分離)된 병원균(病原菌)의 분생자종(分生子種)의 길이 $40{\sim}150\;{\mu}m$ 폭은 $4.5{\sim}7\;{\mu}m$이고 $3{\sim}15$개가 총생으로 형성(形成)하며 분생포자(分生胞子)의 길이는 $40{\sim}185{\mu}m$이고 폭(幅)은 $4{\sim}5{\mu}m$이었다. 이 병원균(病原菌)은 PDA에서 늦게 자라고 포자(胞子)가 잘 형성(形成)되지 않으며 잎에 형성(形成)된 병반(病斑)을 습실처리하면 분생포자(分生胞子)가 잘 형성(形成)한다. 병원성검정(病原性檢定)을 위하여 만점에 생긴 분생포자(分生胞子)를 가지고 포자현탁액을 가지고 접종(接種)하였더니 고추의 잎과 엽병에 채집된 병징과 같은 개구리눈 모양을 한 병반(病班)이보였다. 고추에서 분리(分離)된 병원균(病原菌)은 분생자종(分生子種)의 모양과 크기 분생포자(分生胞子)의 길이와 병원성(病原性)에 의(依)하여 Cercospora capsici Heald et. Wolf 로 동정(同定)되었다.