• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.73-86
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• 2013

This study aimed to measure the behaviors of drivers approaching a roundabout and analyze the characteristics of them. For these objectives, a system to measure the in-vehicle behaviors of a driver when he/she approaches a roundabout. The reliability of the system was analyzed, and the result were applied to a driving test in a roundabout. The result suggested that drivers showed cognitive responses to the accelerator pedal $176.0{\pm}35.18m$ ahead of the approach zone. And they showed cognitive responses to the brake pedal and the speed of the vehicle $121.0{\pm}26.01m$ and $66.0{\pm}18.31m$ ahead of the approach zone, respectively. As for drivers' cognitive changes between the start and end points of their cognitive responses at a roundabout, the standard deviation of the time of response was ${\pm}26.01m$, and the standard deviation of the end point was ${\pm}7.03m$, which meant that there was a 3.71-fold gap between the two deviation values. During the test, differences among the drivers were observed, but no difference was observed among trails.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.540-545
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• 2010

Changes of electroencephalogram (EEG), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and heart rate under surgical anesthesia were investigated in medetomidine (MED) and tiletamine/zolazepam (ZT)-anesthetized dogs. To determine the level of surgical anesthesia, pedal withdrawal reflex was regularly tested after ZT injection. The first time point without pain response was regarded as the beginning of surgical anesthesia (SSA). After SSA, the first time point showing positive pain response was considered the end of surgical anesthesia (ESA). Comparing the control, an additional significant decrease of ${\delta}2$ and ${\alpha}2$ was observed at SSA. Comparing the control, ${\delta}2$ was significantly decreased at ESA. Significant reductions of MAP were observed at pre-ESA and ESA. Heart rate significantly decreased in all stages. These results suggest that ${\delta}2$ band power is a valuable parameter for correlating surgical anesthesia in dogs anesthetized with MED and ZT.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.86-94
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• 2019

This paper describes the development of unmanned vehicle remote control system which is configured with steering and accelerating/braking hardware to improve the sense of reality and safety of control. Generally, in these case of the remote control system, a joystick-type device is used for steering and accelerating/braking control of unmanned vehicle in most cases. Other systems have been developing using simple steering wheel, but there is no function of that feedback the feeling of driving situation to users and it mostly doesn't include the accelerating/braking control hardware. The technology of feedback means that a reproducing the feeling of current driving situation through steering and accelerating/braking hardware when driving a vehicle in person. In addition to studying feedback technologies that reduce unfamiliarity in remote control of unmanned vehicles, it is necessary to develop the remote control system with hardware that can improve sense of reality. Therefore, in this study, the reliable remote control system is developed and required system specification is defined for applying force-feedback haptic control technology developed through previous research. The system consists of a steering-wheel module similar to a normal vehicle and an accelerating/braking pedal module with actuators to operate by feedback commands. In addition, the software environment configured by CAN communication to send feedback commands to each modules. To verify the reliability of the remote control system, the force-feedback haptic control algorithms developed through previous research were applied, to assess the behavior of the algorithms in each situation.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.10 no.12
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• pp.1217-1222
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• 2004

This paper describes the development of tele-robotic interface for the hot-line maintenance robot system. One of main issues in designing human-robot interface for the hot-line maintenance robot system is to plan the control procedure for each part of the robotic system. Another issue is that the actual degree of freedom (DOF) in the hot-line maintenance robot system is much greater than that of available control devices such as joysticks and gloves in the remote-cabin. For this purpose, a virtual simulator, which includes the virtual hot-line maintenance robot system and the environment, is developed in the 3D environment using CAD data. It is assumed that the control operation is done in the remote cabin and the overall work process is observed using the main-camera with 2 DOFs. For the input device, two joysticks, one pedal, two data gloves, and a Head Mounted Display (HMD) with tracker sensor were used. The interface is developed for each control mode. Designed human-interface system is operated using high-level control commands which are intuitive and easy to understand without any special training.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.215-220
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• 1993

The anesthetic effects by dosages of Tiletamlne-Zolazepam in the dogs were investigated and then the optimal dosages for the operation of patients were suggested. 1. In groups of T+Z 20, 10 and 5 mg/kg administration, anesthetic periods are 180~300, 33~47 and 40~50 minutes, respectively and complete recovery from anesthesia was shorted with taking 53~72 minutes in the group of 5 mg/kg administration. 2. Reflex responses to eyelids, cornea and pharyngolarynx were maintained but pedal reflexes became considerably sluggish 3. It showed tachycardias on ECG but there were no specific dysrhythmias. On EEG, it showed low voltage-fast waves before anesthesia, high voltage-fast waves in induction stage, low voltage-slow waves in anesthetic stage and high voltage-fast waves again in recovery stage. 4. Surgical procedures could be performed satisfactorily in 6 cases of the 10 mg/kg administration group, but in 3 of 5 cases of 5 mg/kg administration group it could be completed after additional administration. 5. In conclusion, it was considered desirable for anesthetizing dogs that for healthy cases T+Z at the level of 10 mg/kg B.W. was administered, and for poor risk patients, 5 mg/kg B.W., followed by an additional administration in unsatisfied cases.

• Journal of KSNVE
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.461-470
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• 2001

A friction-type clutch system sometimes generates spick-slip vibration during engagement, which disturbs smooth start of a car and makes a passenger uncomfortable. In this study, the spick-slip vibration in four types of friction couples was investigated at two different engagement conditions respectively of which the amount of slip time and clutch travel was varied. Results are found as follows. First, the vibration increased at the condition of small engine torque and large torque fluctuations due to higher harmonics of engine speed. Second, the friction couple without a pre-damper has advantages of reducing the vibration. This study also suggested an evaluation method of vehicle vibration in the view point of human perception by using the frequency weighting of ISO2631-1.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.1879-1882
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• 2005

Due to increase of demands on safety and convenience for automotive vehicle, the use of DC motor, such as power window, seat adjusting, pedal adjusting, sunroof, electric shift motor and so on, is increasing rapidly in the whole world. Worm gear is an important part to transmit torque to another gear in gear mechanism of automotive DC motor. But with current forming process, it has some problems in manufacturing and the quality. Also, the characteristics of automotive parts such as price and mass-production limit the quality improvement. Recently several methods are used in order to reduce a worm screw machining time and to maintain precision. In this paper, we introduce whirling tool machining and side milling cutter machining as effective manufacturing method of worm screw and study on the cutting force of side milling cutter and whirling tool in worm screw machining.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.301-309
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• 1992

The present study was carried out to compare xylazine(2.2mg/kg, IV), xylazine/acepromazine(1.1mg/kg. IV : 0.2mg/kg, IV) and xylazine/diazepam(1.1mg/kg, IV :1.0mg/kg, IV) anesthesia, to determine useful method out of three kinds of anesthesia and tr evaluate this selected method at hypovolemic state. In xylazine, kylazine/acepromazine and kylazine/diazepam anesthesia, the heart rate was increases after administration of atropine until 10minutes after administration of anesthetics and then decreased gradually in all types of anesthesia. The respiratory rate was decreased after administration of anesthetics in all types of anesthesia. The body temperature was rarely changed in xyiazine/acepromazine and xylazine/diazepam anesthesia, but decreased continuously in xylazine anesthesia. In xylazine and kylazine/acepromazine anesthesia the pedal and corneal reflex were not disappeared completely, but reactions to pin pricking were disappeared. In xylazine/diazepam anesthesia their reflex and reactions were disappeared together. The time from head-up to standing was shortest(32.00min) in kylazine/diazepam anesthesia in comparision with xylazine and kylazine/acepromazine anesthesia. In xylazine/diazepam anesthesia, the heart rates in hypovolemic dogs were decreased soon after administration of anesthetics but recovered immediately. The changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in hypovolemic dogs revealed similar trends to their changes in normal dogs after administration of anesthetics. It is considered that rylazine/diazepam anesthesia is one of the useful anesthetic methods in healthy dogs and also in hypovolemic dogs.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.53-60
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• 2001

As a part of HMS(Human-Machine System), the car is very important thing in common life. It is also a significant part to study on the controllers of car that is intentively related with all sensibilities during driving. There are lots of controllers on seating buck of the car. However, there are few study on the sensibility analysis of them. Most of all, the foot controller could be easily overlooked because it could be invisible. This study was based on relationship that the controllers fitted to the driving posture in the drivers' sensibility difference of two transmission modes, automatic and manual transmission. The results show the driver's preference driving posture and sensibility in two kinds of transmission cars. Consequently, it should be designed the seating buck for two different types respectively to be taken comfort driving posture and improve the safety for drivers. Also, it could reduce the fatigue and discomfort in the task of driving. The design of the controllers strongly effects on the drivers' response time. hereby this study was accessed to the sensibility of Korean with analyzing the relationship, quantitative data, and sensibility difference between two kinds of transmission cars.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.645-650
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• 2010

In this paper we present the Bimodal-tram simulator using the PXI embedded real-time controllers. The Bimodal-tram is developed in KRRI (Korea Railroad Research Institute). The vehicle can be automatically operated by navigation control system (NCS). For the automatic driving, the vehicle lanes will be marked with permanent magnets that are placed in the ground. The vehicle is controlled by NCS. NCS governs the manual mode and automatic mode driving. The simulator is designed by an identical conception with the real control condition. The dynamic motion of vehicle is simulated by the nonlinear dynamic model. The control computer calculates the control values. The signal interface is linked by CAN communication. The simulation is processed by real-time base. The test driver can see the graphic motion of vehicle and can operate the steering wheel, gas and brake pedal to control direction and velocity of vehicle during the simulation. At present, the simulator is only operated by manual mode. The automatic mode will be linked after the control algorithm is finished. We will use the simulator to develop the control algorithm in the automatic mode. This paper shows the simulator designed for Bimodal-tram using real-time based controller. The results of the test using the simulator are presented and discussed.