• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.803-815
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to increase our understanding of subjective well-being in adolescents and to help improve it by investigating the relationship among adolescents' temperaments, perceived parenting affective attitude and subjective well-being. For this study, the subjects were 354 students from 4 different middle schools in Gwang-ju, Korea. The statistical analysis of the data was conducted by means of the SPSS 21.0 program using Pearson's correlations and hierarchical regression. The results are as follows: First, the temperament and perceived parenting affective attitude were correlated with subjective well-being. Among the temperament traits, novelty seeking and harm avoidance showed negative correlations with subjective well-being, whereas affection, reward dependence and persistence showed positive correlations with subjective well-being. Second, after the mediating effect of perceived affection on subjective well-being was confirmed, three temperament traits, viz. harm avoidance, reward dependence, and persistence, were identified as mediating factors. The conclusion of this study is that adolescents' temperament and perceived parenting affective attitude are related to their subjective well-being and can also predict their subjective well-being. Harm avoidance, reward dependence, and persistence, which are inborn temperaments, affect subjective well-being. Affection, which is a perceived parenting affective attitude trait, affects subjective well-being as a mediation variable. This study also suggests that it is more effective to influence perceived parenting affective attitude, which has growth potential, rather than temperaments which are hard to change.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.215-224
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was performed to examine parenting attitude and stress according to personality type in elementary school students' mothers. Methods: The subjects consisted of 206 mothers of students. The measurement instrument was the questionnaire consisting of Korean-version MBTI and PSI test. Data was collected from March 15th to April 15th, 2008. Results: Among personality types by function, ST type was most, occupying 60.2%. Among personality types by temperament, SJ type was most, occupying 59.2%. The score of affective attitude was highest among the parenting attitudes. Parenting attitude was significantly different according to age, education, economic status, number of children, planned pregnancy, factor of stress, and family type. Parenting stress was significantly different according to planned pregnancy and factor of stress. In parenting attitudes by personality types, affective attitude was significantly different. Parenting stress was significantly different according to personality type by function. There was a negative correlation between affective and autonomic attitudes and parenting stress. There was a positive correlation between rejective attitude and parenting stress. Conclusion: It would be essential to provide dynamic developmental programs for increasing the children's social ability, and nursing intervention, education and counseling programs for decreasing parenting stress through understanding mothers' personality type.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.169-177
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• 2019

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Excessive sugar intake is one of the causes associated with obesity and several chronic diseases prevalent in the modern society. This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of parenting variables based on the theory of planned behavior, on the sweetness preferences and sweets intake of children. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Parents and their children (n = 103, aged 5-7 years) were enrolled to participate in a survey for this study, after providing the required informed consent. Parents were asked to fill out a self-administered questionnaire at their residence. The sweetness preference test for children was conducted at a kindergarten (or daycare center) by applying the one-on-one interview method. RESULTS: The children were divided into two clusters categorized by the K-mean cluster analysis: Cluster 1 had higher sweetness preference (0.42 M sugar, 35%; 0.61 M sugar, 65%); Cluster 2 exhibited lower sweetness preference (0.14 M sugar, 9.5%; 0.20 M sugar, 9.5%; 0.29 M sugar, 81%). Cluster 1 had a higher frequency of sweets intake (P < 0.01), and lower sweets restriction (P < 0.05) and nutrition quotient score (P < 0.05). Sweets intake was negatively correlated with the nutritional quotient (r = -0.204, P < 0.05). The behavioral intention of parents was higher in cluster 2 (P < 0.05), while affective attitude, feeding practice, and reward were higher in cluster 1 (P < 0.001, P < 0.05, and P < 0.01, respectively). Furthermore, behavioral intention of parents showed a negative correlation with affective attitude (r = -0.282, P < 0.01) and feeding practice (r = -0.380, P < 0.01), and a positive correlation with subjective norm (r = 0.203, P < 0.05) and parenting attitude (r = 0.433, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that the sweetness preferences and sweets intake of children is related to the parent's affective attitude, feeding practice and reward. We suggest that to reduce the sugar consumption of children, guidelines for access to sweets and pertinent parenting practices are required.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.109-129
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• 2015

본 연구는 어머니의 스마트폰 중독이 양육효능감과 양육태도에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 경기도 S시에 거주하는 미취한 자녀를 둔 어머니 203명을 연구대상으로 선정하였다. 연구도구는 스마트폰 중독척도(한국정보문화진흥원, 2011), 양육효능감척도(최형성 정옥분, 2001), 양육태도척도(배문주, 2005)를 사용하였다. 수집된 자료는 피어슨 상관분석, T검정, 위계적 회귀분석을 통해 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 어머니의 연령이 낮을수록 스마트폰 중독이 높게 나타났다. 스마트폰 중독의 하위영역이 양육효능감에 미치는 영향의 결과는 일상생활장애가 전반적인 양육효능감, 건강하게 양육하는 능력, 의사소통능력, 학습지도능력에 부적으로 유의한 영향을 미쳤다. 스마트폰 중독의 하위영역이 양육태도에 미치는 영향의 결과를 살펴보면 일상생활장애는 거부적 태도에 정적으로 유의한 영향을 미쳤으며, 가상세계지향성은 애정적 태도와 자율적 태도에 부적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 연구결과는 부모의 올바른 스마트폰 사용을 강조하며 긍정적인 양육효능감과 양육태도를 향상시킬 수 있는 프로그램 개발 및 활성화에 유용한 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.923-933
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the moderating effect of cultural disposition in the relationship between parenting and academic achievement. Five-hundred thirty five middle school students(male 247; female, 288) participated in this study, These students completed parenting scale and Individualism-Collectivism Scale. Academic achievement was calculated using academic scores from language, english, mathematics and science. Collected data were analyzed using multiple regression. The major findings of this study can be summarized as follows. First, parenting was significantly associated with academic achievement albeit weak. Second, influence of affective and autonomy parenting on academic achievement for both father and mother were not significant. Third, moderating effects of individualism were significant in only fathers' autonomy parenting. Fourth, moderating effects of collectivism were significant in fathers' affective parenting and autonomy parenting. These results were discussed in relation to pervious studies. Finally limitations were commented and future study were suggested.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권12호
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• pp.563-573
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 취학 전 아동을 자녀로 둔 어머니의 양육 스트레스가 아동의 학습준비도에 미치는 영향에서 부모-자녀 상호작용과 온정적 양육태도가 매개하는지를 검증하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 한국아동패널 5차(2012년)부터 7차(2014년)까지 3개년도 자료를 활용하였으며 총 1,480개의 자료가 분석에 활용되었다. 연구대상의 연령은 5차년도 기준으로 만 5세이다. 분석도구로는 Amos 23.0 프로그램을 활용하였고 연구문제에 해당하는 경로계수를 추정하기 위하여 구조방정식모형 분석을 적용하였다. 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 어머니의 양육 스트레스는 부모-자녀 상호작용, 어머니의 온정적 양육태도, 아동의 학습준비도를 부적으로 유의미하게 예측하였다. 둘째, 부모-자녀 상호작용과 어머니의 온정적 양육태도는 아동의 학습준비도를 정적으로 유의미하게 예측하였다. 셋째, 어머니의 양육 스트레스와 아동의 학습준비도 간의 관계를 부모-자녀 상호작용이 부분매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 어머니의 양육 스트레스와 아동의 학습준비도 간의 관계를 어머니의 온정적 양육태도가 부분매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 국내 아동을 위한 교육적 지원과 대책이 보다 효과적으로 적용될 수 있는 방안을 마련하는데 기초자료를 제공할 수 있다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.383-392
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• 2014

This study was implemented to understand the motivation factors for $2^{nd}$ grade schoolchildren that effect on their preference for the sweet taste. The subjects included were 118 children (59 boys and 59 girls) and 118 children's guardians, from one elementary school. Children participated in sweet preference test and questionnaire survey with researcher's guidance provided in the school. Children's guardians were asked to fill out the questionnaire via home-letters. The results were as follows: 59% of the children preferred the cocoa beverage with the highest concentration of sugar among five cocoa beverages (0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10% of sucrose/milk volume). The variables consisted of affective attitude, cognitive attitude, self-efficacy, parenting style, and sweets frequency. According to the analysis, sweet preferences were correlated with children's affective attitude (r=-0.207, p<0.01), self-efficacy (r=-0.288, p<0.01), frequency of drinking carbonated beverage (r=0.272, p<0.01), preference for yogurt (r=0.184, p<0.05), and preference for sweet bread (r=0.226, p<0.05). These results indicated that children can be more affected by affective attitude than cognitive attitude, and self-efficacy can be an important motivation factor to control the eating behavior related to sweets. Therefore, nutrition educators need to focus on developing various methods related to increasing self-efficacy for encouraging and motivating healthy eating behavior in children.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.515-526
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• 2003

The object of this study was to investigate the relationship between the eating habits of high(4th, 5th, 6th) grade elementary school students and parental behavior characteristics(affection, rational guidance, overprotect and neglect). The parenting behavior scale and demographic variables, eating habits and food frequency were administered to the subjects. In this investigation, the subjects were 396 boys and 337 girls in Chunju city in Korea, 50.1% of the mothers was in the age from 35 to 39 years and 57.8% of the mother had an occupation. Data were analyzed by using a SPSS PS package. Significant differences and correlation among variables were determined by the frequency, $x^2-test$ and pearson's correlation coefficient. Eating habits was significantly influenced by mother's employment status, but was not affected by the levels of mother's education and income. Parental behavior characteristics was significantly related to the children's snacks habits(p<0.05, p<0.01), but have no connection with dietary habits and the eating out. The survey revealed higher percentage of the children who had taken affectionate, reasonable and positively reinforced child care, answered they enjoy meals and the other groups answered they did not. Also frequency of having soup, green vegetables, fruits, dairy products had positive relationship with affective, reasonable rearing attitude, but negative relationship with neglective rearing attitude. And the survey showed children who were reared in overprotect had chocolate, candy and the like in large quantities.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.203-212
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• 1996

주의력결핍 과잉행동장애아(ADHD)와 품행장애나 반항성장애와 같은 외면성 증후를 공존질환으로 갖는 주의력결핍 과잉행동장애아(ADHD + CD/ODD)간에 사회경제적지위, 부모 학력수준, 생활 스트레스 사건, 친인척의 정신병력을 내용으로 하는 가족 배경과 부모의 결혼 만족도, 양육자 스트레스, 양육태도 등의 심리사회적 변인에 차이가 있는지 검증하였다. 연구결과, ADHD+CD/ODD집단이 위의 가족배경에서 가장 열악한 수준을 보이고 있었고, 부모의 결혼적응도에서도 ADHD+CD/ODD 집단이 가장 낮았으며, 양육자 스트레스에서는 ADHD+CD/ODD>ADHD>통제집단 순으로 높았으며 부모가 지각한 양육태도에서 임상집단의 어머니들이 증오적, 거부적 의존성을 포함하는 양육태도를 가지고 있었으며, 아동이 지각한 부모의 양육태도에서는 임상집단의 부모가 아동에게 더 거부적이고 지배적이고, 모순적인 양육태도를 지닌 경향성을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.219-227
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• 2011

Objectives : This study examined maternal object relations, child's and mother's perception on rearing attitude, and children's self-esteem in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and their mothers. Methods : 64 children with ADHD and their mothers were included in the study group. In the control group, there were 85 children and their mothers. Mothers completed the following tests : Bell object relation inventory (BORI), maternal behavior research instrument (MBRI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Korean ADHD Rating Scale (K-ARS). Children completed Children's Report of Parental Behavior Inventory (CRPBI) and Rosenberg self-esteem scale. Results : Mothers of ADHD children displayed more rejecting and controlling parenting style than mothers in the control group. ADHD children showed lower self-esteem and perceived their parents as not affectionate, but rejecting and controlling. Mothers with ADHD children who belonged to object relations pathological group showed more rejecting rearing attitude and their children believed that they were more controlling, compared with children and mothers in other conditions. Among factors in mother's object relations, insecure attachment and ego-centricity impacted the rearing attitude. In turn, affective rearing attitude mainly influenced children's self-esteem. Conclusion : This study suggests that the approach focused on mother's object relations may help with the treatment of children with ADHD.