• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.25-39
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• 2023

이 연구는 한부모가족의 특성에 따른 가족건강성의 차이를 분석하였다. 가족의 건강성은 오래전부터 생활과학, 가정관리학, 가족자원경영학 등 학문 분야에서 연구해 온 주제이다. 2004년 건강가정기본법 제정을 계기로 가족의 건강성은 순수한 연구주제에 국한되지 않고 정책의 방향성으로 그리고 현장의 사업에 적용되면서 연구 범주가 확장되었고 이를 통해 연구의 실천성도 함께 강화되었다. 따라서 가족의 건강성 척도를 적용하여 실태조사를 할 때 건강성에 영향 미치는 변수를 탐색할 수 있고, 이 결과에 토대하여 가족건강성 향상을 위한 대안을 마련할 수 있다. 이 연구는 2021년도에 개발된 한부모가족 건강성 척도를 사용하여 267명의 한부모가족 여성(어머니)을 대상으로 한 실태조사 자료를 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 한부모가족 생활 기간, 동거가족 유무, 전배우자와 교류, 근로 형태, 가구소득에 따른 한부모가족의 생활 영역별 건강성의 차이를 발견하였다. 연구결과에 근거한 제안점은 다음과 같다. 한부모가족을 위한 정책 설계나 사업 기획에서 한부모가족으로 산 기간을 고려하고 한부모가족 대상 요구조사에 한부모로 산 기간을 포함해야 한다는 점이다. 이를 통해 한부모가족으로 산 기간에 따른 가족의 특성과 요구를 파악할 수 있고 이 자료는 한부모가족을 위한 맞춤형의 사업에 반영될 수 있다. 나아가 전일제로 일하고 있는 한부모가족의 경우 가정경영과 생활설계 영역에서의 가족건강성 증진을 위해 가족자원경영학이 전문성을 가진 시간관리, 생애설계 등의 연구결과를 현장의 사업으로 전환하여 실천성을 강화할 필요가 있다.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.253-276
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• 2002

Mother and infant relationship has a great influence on child's developments. Expecially, mother and infant relationship is affected by mother and infant interactions during one year after birth and an omen of mother-infant interaction after birth is mother-fetus interaction. This study was conducted to develop mother-fetus interaction promotion program of talking and tactual stimulation aimed at enhancing sensitivity of primiparas and to evaluate the effect of the nursing intervention program on mother-fetus interaction and mother-infant play interaction. Non-eguivalent control group posttest design was used, and Blumer's symbolic interaction theory and Barnard's mother-infant interaction model was used a conceptual framework of this study. Fifty primiparas and infant(26 mother-infant dyads for intervention group and 24 dyads for control group) were recruited from three general hospital and an OBGY clinic located in Kwang Nung city. Data was collected from January 30th to December 20th in 2001. For the intervention group, programed education which focused on mother-fetus interaction in the 1st trimester. Telephone counselling was provided with interval of two weeks. For two groups, home visiting for data collection of mother- fetus interaction was conducted at 36 to 38 weeks of gestational age. And mother-infant play interactions were assessed at 4 to 6 weeks after birth using videotapes. Play situations were videotaped and two trained observers analyzed the tapes. The data were analyzed using chi-square test and Fisher's Exact Test to test the equivalence of two groups, and the effect of intervention progrom was determined with t-test and Wilcoxon Rank Sum test. The results were as follows: 1. The significant difference was found in mother-fetus interaction between two groups(t=2.085, P=0.0425). It indicated that intervention progrom was effective in improving mother-fetus interaction. 2. The significant difference was found in mother-infant play interaction between two groups(W=347.5, P=0.0001). In subscale analysis, three subscales showed significant differences between the groups: interactional behavior of mother(t=5.921, P=0.0001), interactional behavior of infant(t=5.736, P= 0.0000), and synchronic interactional behavior of mother and infant(t=7.940, P= 0.0000). In conclusion, this study has shown that the applied nursing intervention aimed at enhancing sensitivity of primiparas promoted mother-fetus interaction and mother-infant play interaction. Therefore, this study suggests that this nursing interventions to increase maternal sensitivity to the fetus's movement should be broadly applied to primiparas, which can be beneficial for formation of mother - infant relationship, and for promotion the social, affective, and cognitive developments of their children.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.111-118
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• 2024

The concept of social stratification and hierarchy among human dates back to the origin of human race. Presently, the growing reputation of social networks has given us with an opportunity to analyze these well-studied phenomena over different networks at different scales. Generally, a social network could be defined as a collection of actors and their interactions. In this work, we concern ourselves with a particular type of social networks, known as trust networks. In this type of networks, there is an explicit show of trust (positive interaction) or distrust (negative interaction) among the actors. In other words, an actor can designate others as friends or foes. Trust networks are typically modeled as signed networks. A signed network is a directed graph in which the edges carry an edge weight of +1 (indicating trust) or -1 (indicating distrust). Examples of signed networks include the Slashdot Zoo network, the Epinions network and the Wikipedia adminship election network. In a social network, actors tend to connect with each other on the basis of their perceived social hierarchy. The emergence of such a hierarchy within a social community shows the manner in which authority manifests in the community. In the case of signed networks, the concept of social hierarchy can be interpreted as the emergence of a tree-like structure comprising of actors in a top-down fashion in the order of their ranks, describing a specific parent-child relationship, viz. child trusts parent. However, owing to the presence of positive as well as negative interactions in signed networks, deriving such "trust hierarchies" is a non-trivial challenge. We argue that traditional notions (of unsigned networks) are insufficient to derive hierarchies that are latent within signed networks In order to build hierarchies in signed networks, we look at two interpretations of trust namely presence of trust (or "good") and lack of distrust (or "not bad"). In order to develop a hierarchy signifying both trust and distrust effectively, the above interpretations are combined together for calculating the overall trustworthiness (termed as deserve) of actors. The actors are then arranged in a hierarchical fashion based on these aggregate deserve values, according to the following hypothesis: actor v is assigned as a child of actor u if: (i) v trusts u, and (ii) u has a higher deserve value than v. We describe this hypothesis with additional qualifiers in this thesis.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.151-166
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• 2016

This study examined frequency of contact between parents and their non-coresident, never-married daughters and sons compared to children in other marital statuses. Despite an increasing number of never married adults, little is known about the extent to which they may be willing to remain connected to and exchange support with their parents. The data were drawn from first wave of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA, 2006). For analyses, respondents who had at least one non-coresident child aged 40 or older were selected, resulting in the analytic sample of 2,755 parents with 7,741 children. Both sibling fixed effects regression models and regression models with robust standard errors were estimated using the xtreg and reg procedures in STATA. Findings revealed significant marital status by gender interaction effects on face-to-face contact. Never-married daughters were more likely to see their parents compared to their married, divorced, or widowed counterparts. Never-marred sons, on the other hand, reported slightly lower levels of in-person contact with their parents in comparison to married sons and lower levels of contact compared to divorced or widowed sons. More frequent contact via phone, mail, or email was reported in daughter-parent relationship compared to son-parent relationship, but no significant marital status by gender interactions were observed.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.31-45
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• 2003

This study is designed to produce basic data on the nursing intervention between infants and mothers after discharge from hospitals. This research is carried by investigating the nursing intervention during their after-delivery staying in the hospitals located in Pusan. The object of this study includes the neonatal wards of 51 hospitals. Data collection was carried from the 3rd of September, 2001 to the 4th of October in the same year. Tools for measurement using in this research is the nursing checklist designed by these researchers. The data were analyzed by using SPSS and the output was produced in frequency and percentage considering general characteristics and nursing activities. On the course of investigation, it was revealed that the average number of items checked are as follows; total beds in one hospital came up to 360.1, the beds in each newborn infant ward came up to 36.1, in each ward the numbers of incubators came up to 9.2 and intensive care unit to 1.7. In each ward 8.4 nurses and 2.9 nurse aids were working at that time. In each hospital, secure of air way, physical examination, eye care, umbilical cord care, maintenance of body temperature, identification of infant, nutritive condition, safety and danger management, infection management, mother-infantile interaction, medical assistant to doctor, medication and discharge education were comparatively well done. But, in case of emotional, social and cognitive aspect of nursing activities through interactions between newborn infants and nurses as substitutes are not reached to the adequate level. In the end, this study hereby suggests that further investigation on the device to facilitate the interaction between newborn infant and nurse as a nursing intervention of high quality.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.103-117
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• 2015

Family environment plays a significant role in adolescent development. Multicultural adolescents in Korea are brought up in a distinctive family environment, where they get to experience two different cultures within their families. Thus, it is important to examine how internal characteristics of the family environment in multicultural families and interactions between family members influence adolescents. The aim of the current study was to examine structural relationships among Southeast Asian mothers' and Korean fathers' bilingual socialization, adolescents' attitude toward mothers' native culture, and mother-adolescent relationship satisfaction. Specifically, the following two questions were addressed in this study: 1) Does bilingual socialization of each parent affect adolescents' attitude toward mothers' native culture? 2) Does children's attitude toward mothers' native culture affect mother-adolescent relationship satisfaction? To answer these questions, the survey data from the '2012 Nationwide Survey of Multicultural Families' was analysed, using SEM. The sample consisted of 318 multicultural adolescents (aged 9-17) living with Korean fathers and immigrant mothers from Southeast Asia. The main findings were as follows. First, Korean fathers' bilingual socialization had a positive effect on immigrant mothers' bilingual socialization. The path from Korean fathers' bilingual socialization to adolescents' attitude toward mothers' native culture was significantly mediated by immigrant mothers' bilingual socialization. Second, adolescents' attitude toward mothers' native culture had a positive effect on mother-adolescent relationship satisfaction. Results suggest that Korean fathers' bilingual socialization is an important factor for bilingual socialization of multicultural adolescents. It is also worth noting that each parent's bilingual socialization helps multicultural adolescents to form a positive identity as a member of multicultural families.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.103-116
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• 2009

This study aims to investigate the process of family distress to family crisis in multi-cultural families based on Hill's ABCX model. For this study, the qualitative study with depth interview was conducted with 8 multi-cultural families(e.g. husband, wife, child and elderly parent). The depth interview contents were marriage process, family relation or family interactions, social adaptation process, and social services needs. Results showed the followings: First, multi-cultural families had multiple distressors so that these distressors made multi-cultural families vulnerable to family crisis. Second, Hill's ABCX model explained the process of family distress to family crisis in the multi-cultural families in that they had few resources(both individual resources and family resources) and even worse they had negative cognitions about their own multi-cultural family systems. This situation made them difficult to solve their problems and to cope with their distressors. Third, major distressors in multi-cultural families were founded in this study. These were different cultural gap, communication difficulties, social discrimination to multi-cultural families, and lack of social support networks. Discussion will address suggestions about effective family policies for multi-cultural families in order to make them resilient to family crisis and help to well-adjusted in the korean society.

• 아동학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.95-113
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• 2015

This study aimed to develop and validate a scale which could be used to evaluate mathematical interactions of parents with their young children. The subjects comprised 408 mothers of 4-6-year-old children. Means, standard deviation, $x^2$, Cramer's V, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, Pearson correlations, and Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ were calculated. First, 49 items were developed through a review of relevant research, parent interviews, confirmation of item adequacy and content validity. These items were then edited down to a final list of 24 items representing 4 factors identified by exploratory factor analysis. Second, this 24-item. 4-factor scale was shown to have adequate construct validity, norm validity, and reliability by confirmatory factor analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$. In conclusion, the final mathematical interaction scale for young children's parents was composed of 24 items with 4 factors: "interaction regarding numbers and operations, measurements, and patterns", "interaction regarding data collection and result presentation", "interaction with picture books", and "interaction regarding shapes and figures"

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.149-161
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identified patterns and trend of studies and to analyzed the nursing research related to the mother-child interaction in Korea and to improve direction of nursing research in mother-child interaction in Korea. Method: The research studies related to the mother-child interaction were selected from the Korean Nurses Academic Society Journal, and from dissertation, which were conducted between 1961 and 2002 with the consideration of the condition and the cultural specialty of Korea. The total numbers of the studies were 34. These studies were classified according to 1)time of publication or presentation, 2)research design, 3)type of interaction objects, 4)measurement tool, and 5)chief content of studies. Ressult: 1) Until 1984, there was no research studies related to mother-child interaction. The number of studies on the mother-child interaction on the mother-child interaction has been increased rapidly after 1985. The mother-child interaction studies were 13(38.2％) from the doctoral dissertation, 4(11.8％) from the Master's theses and 17(50％) other papers were published in academic journals. 2) Experimental studies of research design was used in these research studies was 13(38.2％). Descriptive studies was 8(23.6％), correlational studies was 4(11.8％) and comparative studies was 4(11.8％). Qualitative study was just one(2.9％) and literature review was 4(11.8％). Especially experimental studies has been increased. 3) Participants of these studies were mother and infant 29(85.5％), father and infant 2(5.9％), mother and fetus 2(5.9％) and nurse and infant 1(2.9％) 4) Utilization of instruments as follows: 13 studies used Walker et al(1986)'s MIPIS (Mother-Infant Play Interaction Scale), 6 studies used Barnard(1978)'s NCAFS (Nursing Child Assessment Feeding Scale), 4 studies used NCATS(Nursing child Assessment Teaching Scale) for assessing mother-infant interaction. 3 studies used Stainton(1981)'s Parent-Infant Interaction Scale. Choi(1987), Kim(1999) and Kim and Son(1997) used measurement tool researcher made which was modified from NCATS (Nursing child Assessment Teaching Scale) and AMIS(Assessment of Mother-Infant Sensitivity Scale). Other tools used to survey influencing factors of interaction. 5) Content of the research studies were classified 3 different types, such as ① studies about the mother-child interactions' pattern, ② studies about influencing factors of the mother-child interaction, ③ studies about effect of nursing intervention program to improve the mother-child interaction. Conclusion: Therefore we make following suggestions which are made based on the above research analysis : 1) In the future research studies need to compare with other area of discipline in mother-child interaction. 2) More attention and in depth research is needed to validate in terms of research design and statistical data analysis. 3) It is important to develop the instruments which is culturally acceptable in Korea society. 4) The results of correlational studies and experimental studies needs to the integrated by meta analysis.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권9호
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• pp.362-371
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• 2019

본 연구는 최근 학교폭력이 하향화됨에 따라 유아기 예방교육 실행을 위한 현장의 요구를 파악하여 기초자료를 제공하기 위해 아동폭력에 대한 유치원 교사의 경험을 알아보는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 수도권에 위치한 C유치원 교사 9명을 대상으로 심층 집단 면담을 실시하였다. 연구 결과 첫째, 유치원에서 주로 발생하는 아동폭력 관련 유아 문제행동은 신체적 폭행, 공격성, 언어폭력, 위협과 협박, 따돌림 등으로 나타났다. 둘째, 교사들은 아동폭력 발생 시 주로 직접개입법을 사용하나 많은 업무와 높은 교사 대 유아 비율로 적절한 개입을 어려워하고 있었다. 이에 교사들은 현재보다 낮은 교사 대 유아 비율 적용 또는 각 반 부담임 배치가 필요하다고 보았다. 셋째, 교사들은 유아를 대상으로 하는 아동폭력 예방교육의 필요성을 인식하고 있었으며, 적절한 교수 방법으로는 문제행동 발생 직후 상호작용, 전체 유아를 대상으로 하는 대그룹 활동, 구체적인 상황별 멀티미디어 교육자료 그리고 부모교육 등을 제시하였다. 넷째, 교사들은 아동폭력 예방교육 실행 시 교육을 통해 문제행동이 학습되어 흉내 내는 일의 발생 가능성에 대한 우려가 있었다. 따라서 본 연구는 유치원에서 발생하는 아동폭력 관련 문제행동의 유형을 중심으로 유아교육 현장에 적용이 가능하고 다양한 교수학습방법의 개발 필요성을 제안하였다.