• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.655-661
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• 2014

In this paper, a new two dimensional (2D) analytical modeling and simulation for a surrounding gate tunnel field effect transistor (TFET) is proposed. The Parabolic approximation technique is used to solve the 2-D Poisson equation with suitable boundary conditions and analytical expressions for surface potential and electric field are derived. This electric field distribution is further used to calculate the tunneling generation rate and thus we numerically extract the tunneling current. The results show a significant improvement in on-current characteristics while short channel effects are greatly reduced. Effectiveness of the proposed model has been confirmed by comparing the analytical results with the TCAD simulation results.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.150-155
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• 1994

An Approximate solution for plane two-dimensional incompressible laminar jet issuing from a finite opening with arbitrary initial profile into the same ambient fluid is proposed. For an arbitrary initial velocity profile, the problem is generated from the well known similarity solution for the jet of infinitesimal opening and provides good approximations in the region where the similarity solution cannot be used as an approximation. The asymptotic behavior of this solution is investigated and it is shown that, as goes downstream, the present solution approachs the similarity solution.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.707-720
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• 2022

In the present work, bending and free vibration analyses of multilayered functionally graded (FG) graphene platelet (GPL) and fiber-reinforced hybrid composite beams are carried out using the parabolic function based shear deformation theory. Parabolic variation of transverse shear stress across the thickness of beam and transverse shear stress-free conditions at top and bottom surfaces of the beam are considered, and the proposed formulation incorporates a transverse displacement field. The present theory works only with four unknowns and is computationally efficient. Hamilton's principle has been employed for deriving the governing equations. Analytical solutions are obtained for both the bending and free vibration problems in the present work considering different variations of GPLs and fibers distribution, namely, FG-X, FG-U, FG-Λ, and FG-O for beams having simply-supported boundary condition. First, the matrix is assumed to be strengthened using GPLs, and then the fibers are embedded. Multiscale modeling for material properties of functionally graded graphene platelet/fiber hybrid composites (FG-GPL/FHRC) is performed using Halpin-Tsai micromechanical model. The study reveals that the distributions of GPLs and fibers have significant impacts on the stresses, deflections, and natural frequencies of the beam. The number of layers and shape factors widely affect the behavior of FG-GPL-FHRC beams. The multilayered FG-GPL-FHRC beams turn out to be a good approximation to the FG beams without exhibiting the stress-channeling effects.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.191-202
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• 2022

Markov envelope as a theoretical solution of the parabolic wave equation with Markov approximation for the von Kármán type random medium is studied and approximated with the convolution of two probability density functions (pdf) of normal and gamma distributions considering the previous studies on the applications of Radiative Transfer Theory (RTT) and the analysis results of earthquake records. Through the approximation with gamma pdf, the constant shape parameter of 2 was determined regardless of the source distance r_o. This finding means that the scattering process has the property of an inhomogeneous single-scattering Poisson process, unlike the previous studies, which resulted in a homogeneous multiple-scattering Poisson process. Approximated Markov envelope can be treated as the normalized mean square (MS) envelope for ground acceleration because of the flat source Fourier spectrum. Based on such characteristics, the path duration is estimated from the approximated MS envelope and compared to the empirical formula derived by Boore and Thompson. The results clearly show that the path duration increases proportionately to r_o^1/2-r_o², and the peak value of the RMS envelope is attenuated by exp (-0.0033r_o), excluding the geometrical attenuation. The attenuation slope for r_o≤100 km is quite similar to that of effective attenuation for shallow crustal earthquakes, and it may be difficult to distinguish the contribution of intrinsic attenuation from effective attenuation. Slowly varying dispersive delay, also called the medium effect, represented by regular pdf, governs the path duration for the source distance shorter than 100 km. Moreover, the diffraction term, also called the distance effect because of scattering, fully controls the path duration beyond the source distance of 300 km and has a steep gradient compared to the medium effect. Source distance 100-300 km is a transition range of the path duration governing effect from random medium to distance. This means that the scattering may not be the prime cause of peak attenuation and envelope broadening for the source distance of less than 200 km. Furthermore, it is also shown that normal distribution is appropriate for the probability distribution of phase difference, as asserted in the previous studies.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.139-146
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 파라메트릭 어레이를 이용한 음향신호에 대한 수치 모델링 기법 및 분석 결과를 제시한다. 사용된 음성 파라메트릭 배열의 분석 수치모델은 KZK(Khokhlov-Zabolotskaya-Kuznetsov)로서 KZK수치모델은 시간영역의 차분방정식 알고리즘을 사용하며 파라메트릭배열의 정확한 응답특성이 분석이 가능하다. 시간영역기반의 KZK모델은 음원의 크기와 전송주파수의 영향을 받으며, 가청신호응답은 출력레벨과 빔폭의 크기를 포함한다. 음성신호에 대하여 파라메트릭 배열을 효율적으로 적용시키기 위해서는 고려해야할 요소는 표본화 주파수, 트랜스듀서의 반경 및 변조방식 파라미터 등이 있다. 본 논문에서는 다양한 요소 중 표본화 주파수에 따른 응답신호의 왜곡 분석 및 실험 결과를 시뮬레이션을 통해 제시하였다.

• 새물리
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• 제68권11호
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• pp.1183-1191
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• 2018

$GaAs/Al_xGa_{1-x}As$ 다중 양자 우물들에 의한 초격자내 플라즈몬들이 다른 유전 계면과 반포물선 구속 퍼텐셜에 의한 거동을 초격자 축에 수직한 자기장과 평행한 전기장하에서 이전의 이론적 토대하에서 연구하였다. 막 위상 근사 방법을 사용하여 부 밴드 내와 부 밴드 사이의 전이가 고려된 밀도-밀도 상관함수로부터 표면과 벌크 상태의 분산 에너지를 전체 양자 우물의 평균 전기장, 자기장의 세기 및 조성비의 함수로 얻었다. 또한 여러 가지 평균 전기장, 자기장의 세기에 대한 라만 세기를 그들 상태에 대해 입사광의 에너지 함수로 얻었다.

• 한국해안해양공학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.135-140
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• 1999

에너지 감쇠역으로 인한 파의 변형을 모의하기 위하여 타원형 수치모형을 구성하였다. 해석방정식은 에너지 감쇠항이 추가된 타원형 완경사 방정식을 사용하였다. 개방경계조건에는 포물형 가정을 도입하였고 이를 위해 수치기법으로는 GCGM을 사용하였다. 원형감쇠역에 대한 수치실험을 통하여 감쇠역 전부에서의 반사파의 생성, 감쇠효과에 의한 파고감소 등을 확인할 수 있었고 해석해와 잘 일치하였다. 사각형 감쇠역에 대한 실험을 통하여 감쇠계수의 크기에 따른 파고분포의 변화를 살펴보았고 감쇠역 주변에서는 회절효과에 의한 파고의 증가가 매우 완만히 진행됨을 확인하였다. 이러한 수치실험을 통하여 에너지 감쇠구조 또한 반복기법을 사용한 타원형 수치모형으로 잘 모의할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.71-77
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• 1999

본 논문에서는 거리종속 해양에서 음전달 풀이법으로 각광받고 있는 포물선 방정식법에 대한 고차 해의 전산코드를 작성하고 이들에 대한 수치 시험을 수행하였으며 포물선 방정식법의 정확성을 수치문제 적용 측면에서 고찰하였다. 깊이 방향 연산자의 선형 근사방법으로는 (equation omitted) 근사법의 곱형태를 이용하였으며 Galerkin방법을 이용하여 수치계산을 수행하였고 계산량의 감소를 위하여 부분적으로 collocation을 이용하였다. 거리방향 연산자는 음해법인 Crank-Nicolson법, 초기해로는 자체 초기해를 이용하였다. 수치시험은 세 가지 해양 환경에 대하여 시행하였고 이들의 결과는 해석해, 파수적분법을 이용한 OASES결과와 기존의 포물선 방정식법을 이용한 전산조직인 RAM 등과 비교하였다.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 1998년도 춘계 학술대회논문집
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• pp.145-155
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• 1998

A computer code has been developed for the computation of the viscous flow around a ship model with the free surface. In this code, the incompressible Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations are solved numerically by a finite difference method which employes second-order finite differences for the spatial discretization and a four-stage Runge-Kutta scheme for the temporal integration of the governing equations. For the turbulence closure, a modified version of the Baldwin-Lomax model is exploited. The location of the free surface is determined by solving the equation of the kinematic free-surface condition using the Lax-Wendroff scheme and the boundary-fitted grid is generated at each time step so that one of the grid surfaces always coincides with the free surface. An inviscid approximation of the dynamic free-surface boundary condition is applied as the boundary conditions for the velocity and pressure on the free surface. To validate the computational method and the computer code developed in the present study, the numerical computations are carried out for both Wigley parabolic hull and Series 60 $C_B=0.6$ ship model and the computational results are compared with the experimental data.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.628-636
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• 1999

This work describes the low-resolution spectral modeling of the water vapor, carbon dioxide and their mixtures by applying the weighted-sum-of-gray-gas-gases model (WSGGM) to each narrow band. Proper modeling scheme of gray gas absorption coefficients vs temperature relation is suggested. Comparison between the modeled emissivity calculated from this relation and the 'true' emissivity obtained from the high temperature statistical narrow band parameters is made for a few typical narrow bands. Low resolution spectral intensities from one-dimensional layers are also obtained and examined for uniform, parabolic and boundary layer type temperature profiles using the obtained WSGGM's with several gray gases. The results are compared with the narrow band spectral intensities obtained by a narrow band model-based code with Curtis-Godson approximation. Good agreement is found between them. Data bases including optimized modeling parameters and total and low-resolution spectral weighting factors are developed for water vapor, carbon dioxide and their mixtures. This model and obtained data bases, available from the authors' Internet site, can be appropriately applied to any radiative transfer equation solver.