• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.34-42
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• 2014

The early post-war modern architecture introduced to Korea in the 60's and 70's have reached its 50 year cycle to emerge as candidates for the registered heritage. However, conservation is a complicated topic when applied to modern architecture due to its social and political status among general public, and is often a sacrificial target for demolition or insensitive alteration. This research tries to identify significant values extracted from the intrinsic characteristics of modern architecture, that can be applied to conducting successful renovation projects on modern architecture. The conservational values of modern architecture to be maintained are identified in this paper as: flexible open space, material and structural system, and extension of interior-exterior relation. These values are examined through the filter of comparative analysis on domestic and international conservation standards, along with cross-examination on recently renovated local works performed on the modern architecture of the period. This research aims to bring focus on conducting respectful conservation and renovation to modern architecture by identifying the significant values that is intrinsic to the modern architecture and is worth preserving.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1998년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부A
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• pp.263-268
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• 1998

Many papers have recently been presented to develop energy functions for power systems. However, earlier studies adopted case-by-case approaches, which failed to give a general approach to deal with various kinds of generator models. In this paper, two useful theorems are developed regarding the integral relationships of the generator power versus its phasor current and voltage. By using the proposed theorems, an exact energy conservation law can be derived from the complex integral. The proposed energy conservation law, which is free of the generator model, can be utilized to develop energy functions for various kinds of generator models including the speed governors, and exciters. An illustrative example is given for a multimachine system with the Eq' model of generator. This thesis also shows a possibility of more accurate and fast stability analysis by using the proposed Energy Conservation Law.

• 박물관보존과학
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• 제1권
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• pp.43-51
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• 1999

문화재의 생물피해 예방에 주로 활용되는 훈증소독(燻蒸消毒)[메틸브로마이드와 에틸렌옥사이드 혼합가스]이 서화류(書畵類)에 어떤 영향을 미치는지에 대하여 간략한 조사(調査)를 실시하였다. 채색(彩色)이 있는 조선시대 고지도(古地圖)와 회화(繪畵)등 13점을 대상으로 훈증소독 전(前)과 후(後)의 안료(顏料)의 변색(變色) 또는 퇴색(退色)의 유무(有無) 그리고 종이의 pH변화 등에 대여 측정(測定)하였다. 그 결과(結果) 기존(旣存)의 문화재 훈증소독 적용기준(適用基準)[가스의 농도(濃度), 폭로(暴露)시간 등]을 지킨 조건에서는 안료의 변·퇴색현상을 발견하지 못했으며 종이의 산성화(酸性化)에도 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 확인되었다.

• 박물관보존과학
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• 제12권
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• pp.19-24
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• 2011

국립김해박물관에서 발굴 조사가 이루어진 창원 다호리 유적에서 칠기검집에 철검이 끼워져 있는 상태의 칠초철검(漆鞘鐵劍)이 출토되어 이에 대한 보존처리 과정을 소개하고자 한다. 부식되어 상태가 취약한 청동제검심(劍鐔)은 강화제로 사용 중인 Incralac을 도포한 후 현미경을 이용하여 표면의 문양을 노출하였다. 칠기검집의 표면은 이물질을 제거함과 동시에 HPC 2% 수용액를 도포하여 피막을 보호하였다. 이물질 제거가 완료된 칠 표면에는 Caparol binder 5% 수용액를 2~3회 도포하여 보호피막을 형성한 다음 한지와 알루미늄 호일로 감싸 주었다. 이후 우레탄폼으로 유물을 안전하게 고정한 후 뒤집어 뒷면을 위와 같은 방법으로 보존처리를 실시하였다. 두께가 얇은 유물을 지지하기 위해 검집의 뒷면에 한지를 3겹으로 붙여 힘을 받을 수 있도록 하였으며, 내부의 철검은 검집에 도포한 HPC 2% 수용액를 주입하여 굳히는 정도로 마무리하였다. 이후 투명 아크릴 상자에 보관하여, 향후 전시 등에 활용될 수 있도록 하였다.

• 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국펄프종이공학회 2003년도 추계학술발표논문집
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• pp.429-436
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• 2003

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2010

The beeswax-treated volumes of the Annals of Joseon Dynasty, designated as a UNESCO's Memories of the World, have been more seriously damaged than the untreated ones. As a continuous effort to develop the optimal conservation techniques for the damaged beeswax-treated volumes of the Annals, this study examines the effectiveness of wet cleaning on the conservation of the beeswax-treated paper. To do this, wet cleaning is performed on the duplicated beeswax-treated paper and the Hanji that are aged at $105^{\circ}C$ for 30 days using distilled water of $24^{\circ}C$ and $50^{\circ}C$. As results, it is observed that pH of the both the beeswax-treated paper and the Hanji increase, indicating the removal of the acid of the aged paper samples through wet cleaning. After the wet cleaning, however, the physical properties and viscosity of the Hanji decrease, while those of the beeswax-treated paper increase. It is also found that wet cleaning contributes to enhancement of most optical properties of the Hanji, but not for those of the beeswax-treated paper except for the $b^*$ value. Analyses of UV absorbance of cleaning water demonstrate that both the beeswax-treated paper and the Hanji have typical spectra of chromophore compounds of cellulose.

• 보존과학연구
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• 통권19호
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• pp.75-107
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• 1998

The cultural properties of paper made from 11 to 16th century of the Kirimsa temple were found in Birozana Buddhist Statue which was made from 15 to 16th century. These have been stored and exhibited in the exhibition showcase. To examine the environment of conservation and the state of paper, we investigated the temperature and the relative humidity in the inside and outside of the Kirimsa museum and examined the external form and the internal state (water content, acidity and whiteness) of paper. During the investigation period from 27 Aug. to 30 Aug. 1997. The average of temperature and relative humidity were $28.2^{\circ}C$, 67% in the outside and $27.1^{\circ}C$, 73% in the inside, respectively. These indicated the air conditioning was wrong. Among the cultural properties of 79 papers stored in the Kirimsa museum, 37 cases had been repaired but 42 cases not. From the result examining the external form, 20 cases needed to repair. In the internal state of the cultural properties of paper, the water contents were from 11.9% to 16.5%, the average was 15.7%, the acidities from pH 5.7 to pH 6.2 and the whiteness from 37 to 45. From these results, we could see the cultural properties of paper stored in the Kirimsa museum was damaged by the several factors (hydrolysis by fungi, repeated elongation and retraction of cellulose) caused mainly by the high temperature and relative humidity. Therefore, for the conservation of the cultural properties of paper stored in the Kirimsa museum, it need to control the temperature at $18~20^{\circ}C$ and the relative humidity at $55\pm5%$ by the appropriate air conditioning. In order to sterilize fungi occurred to the surface of paper, the cultural properties of paper needed to fumigate. The fungi occurred on the surface of paper were wiped out by using of 70%solution dissolved thymol in ethyl alcohol.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.245-257
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• 2018

To investigate the deterioration of textiles with metal thread, I surveyed 40 textile objects, dating from the 11th to the 19th century from Korea, China, Japan, and Central Asia at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. This survey included various types, widths, and thicknesses of metal thread. In addition, deterioration was examined under the microscope and color information was collected using the spectrophotometer. While investigating metal thread in the collections, I fabricated 12 different types of metal samples with metal leaf(24K gold, silver, and copper leaf), adhesive (hide animal glue and a mixture of hide animal glue and iron oxide red), and paper substrate(Korean mulberry and Taiwanese kozo paper). The accelerated deterioration process of those fabricated samples was carried out using a light box(UV and daylight), and a humidity cabinet. In the light experiment with blue scales textile fading card(aka, blue wool standard), the metal leaf began to peel off during the deterioration process with 756,000 lux-hours UV and daylight. In the temperature and humidity experiment, I could observe the reddish tarnish on copper, and some part of it began to peel off. Color reading on the light exposed samples showed that the degree of color change on the surface follows the amount of exposure as it increased over time. On the other hand, color change on the samples after artificial deterioration using temperature and humidity factors showed random change of color with occasional spikes. Distortion of original shape worsened in the samples exposed to temperature and humidity.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.385-391
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• 2019

인도네시아 보로부두르 보존처리소에서 촬영한 보로부두르 사원 흑백 사진의 재질 특성을 조사하기 위해 과학적 분석을 수행하였다. 흑백 사진에서 시료를 채취하여 현미경 조사, 성분 및 재질 분석을 진행한 결과 흑백 사진은 지지체, 바리타층, 바인더층, 표면층 등 4개의 층으로 구성되어 있는 것을 확인하였다. 지지체는 마섬유로 구성된 종이, 바리타층은 분말상태의 황산바륨(BaSO₄), 바인더층은 할로겐화은이 함유된 유제, 표면보호층은 젤라틴을 사용하여 제작된 것으로 판단하였다. 사진은 구성 재질에 따라 특성 및 보존 환경이 다르므로 시대에 따른 다양한 흑백 사진 재질 특성에 대한 연구가 필요하다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.23-38
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• 2002

The purpose of this paper is to propose directions for urban greening and nature conservation in small-to-medium-sized cities in Korea for implementation of the Local Agenda 21 (LA 21 hereafter). In this paper, the status of implementation of the LA 21 in both Korea and Japan have been examined. In addition, the green-related plans of both countries have been compared. The cities of Jeonju and Sagamihara were chosen as examples to compare. The result of the research is as follows: 1)With regard to the responsible bodies, in Korea, the implementing plans were initiated by the environment-related authorities of local governments while, in Japan, the plans of action were initiated through consultative committees reflecting opinions from citizens and business entities. 2)Concerning the status of implementation of LA 21, the city of Jeonju has adopted a plan of action and then implemented the plan through a consultative body without adequate legal ground. On the other hand, the city of Sagamihara has enacted a local ordinance to implement the LA 21 It was learned that the newly enacted ordinance has positively been interrelated to existing environmental plans. 3)Regarding urban greening and nature conservation plans, the city of Jeonju has focused on comprehensive measures to preserve and restore ecology while the city of Sagamihara has clearly suggested educational purposes in its plans in addition to preserving and restoring ecology. 4)In terms of support by law or legal system concerned, it has been teamed that, compared with Japan, Korean plans have not been properly supported by law or the legal system to urban greening and nature conservation plans. The same was shown in the city of Jeonju as compared with the city of Sagamihara. As for future directions, the follow are proposed: 1) establishment of a local Committee on Sustainable Development, 2) enactment of relevant and regulations such as the Master Plan of Parks and Green Open paces, 3) establishment of ecological greening plans.