• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.22-34
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the effects of adolescent sexual media literacy and sexual permissiveness on gender sensitivity and to provide evidences useful in developing a sex education program that would promote gender sensitivity among adolescents. Methods: Data were derived from 250 adolescents' responses to questionnaires. Collected data were analyzed using ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression. Results: Gender sensitivity according to gender was significantly different (t=-6.54, p=0.001). Gender sensitivity was positively correlated with sexual media literacy (r=0.36, p<0.001), and negatively correlated with sexual permissiveness (r=.22, p<.001). Sexual media literacy was negatively correlated with sexual permissiveness (r=-0.39, p<0.001). The variables affecting the participants' gender sensitivity on media literacy were gender (β=0.33, p<0.001) and sexual depiction scene (β=0.24, p<0.001). Conclusion: Gender and sexual media literacy influenced participants' gender sensitivity. Therefore, when developing a school-based sex education program, sexual media literacy should be included as a key concept; moreover, gender-specific programs need to be developed. Furthermore, teaching methods should enhance media literacy related to sexual depiction scenes and promote safe and healthy sexual permissiveness.

• 호남수학학술지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.483-494
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• 2012

The set of all polynomial permutations of $\mathbb{Z}_{p^r}$ forms a group. We investigate the structure of the group and some related groups, and completely determine the structure of the group of all polynomial permutations of $\mathbb{Z}_{p^2}$.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.34-37
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• 2017

5p deletion syndrome, also known as Cri-du-Chat syndrome, is a chromosomal abnormality caused by a deletion in the short arm of chromosome 5. Clinical features of 5p deletion syndrome are difficult to identify prenatally by ultrasound examination, thus most cases of 5p deletion syndrome have been diagnosed postnatally. Here, we report eight cases of 5p deletion syndrome diagnosed prenatally, but were unable to find common prenatal ultrasound findings among these cases. However, we found that several cases of 5p deletion syndrome were confirmed prenatally when karyotyping was performed on the basis of abnormal findings in a prenatal ultrasound scan. Hence, it is necessary to carefully perform prenatal ultrasonography for detection of rarer chromosomal abnormalities as well as common aneuploidy.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.453-460
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• 2010

유치열의 우식 패턴에 관한 연구의 일환으로 유치열 치아우식증의 구강내 대칭도를 조사하였다. 36개월 이상 71개월 이하 어린이의 치면별 우식경험을 조사한 자료를 분석하였다. 좌우 유치 dmfs 간 피어슨 상관계수는 0.558(상악 유견치) ~ 0.847(상악 유중절치)이었고, 전체에서 0.905이었으며, 모두 유의하였다(P<0.01). 좌우 값 간의 차이는 대부분 유의하지 않았다(P>0.05). 상하 유치 dmfs 간 피어슨 상관계수는 0.150(우측 유측절치) ~ 0.506(우측 제1유구치)이었고, 전체에서 0.680이었으며, 모두 유의하였다(P<0.01). 상하 값 간의 차이는 대부분 유의하였다(P<0.05). 우식경험이 있는 경우 중에서 양측성으로 있는 경우의 백분율은 유치가 34.0%(상악 유견치) ~ 80.1%(상악 유중절치)이었고, 치면은 상악 유중절치가 53.9%(원심면) ~ 84.9%(근심면), 상악 유측절치가 45.8%(근심면) ~ 68.0%(협면), 상악 제1유구치가 34.1%(근심면) ~ 45.0%(교합면), 상악 제2유구치가 20.7%(원심면) ~ 48.0%(교합면), 하악 제1유구치가 34.4%(협면) ~ 58.1%(교합면), 하악 제2유구치가 29.7%(원심면) ~ 61.4%(교합면)이었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권8호
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• pp.1206-1211
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• 2006

The effects of taurine supplementation on growth performance, serum and liver concentrations of lipid, fatty acid composition and lipid peroxidation in the livers of broilers under chronic heat exposure conditions were investigated. The chicks with a similar body weight were equally assigned to one of three controlled-environment chambers. The brolier chicks, which were kept at $34^{\circ}C$ were fed either with a control diet or the control diet supplemented with 0.8% taurine, whereas broiler chicks kept at $22^{\circ}C$ were fed a control diet. Both of the BW and BW gains of broilers maintained at a temperature of $34^{\circ}C$ were significantly lower than those of the control group, which was maintained at a temperature of $22^{\circ}C$ (p<0.05). However, taurine addition in the diet of birds submitted to heat stress siginficantly improved BW gain (p<0.05). The feed intake of chicks declined with increases in temperature. The relative liver and gall bladder weights of chicks fed the control diet and maintained at $34^{\circ}C$ were significantly lower than those measured in the control birds (p<0.05). However, dietary taurine was found to compensate for these reductions in liver and gall bladder weights. Relative weights of abdominal fat did not differ significantly among the three groups. Serum triglyceride concentrations were significantly lower in the chicks fed the control diet and maintained at $34^{\circ}C$ compare to those measured in the chicks fed the control diet at $22^{\circ}C$ (p<0.05). Heat stress resulted in a significant reduction in total lipid and triglyceride levels, but also increased the levels of total cholesterol in the liver (p<0.05). However, dietary taurine supplementation under the heat stress condition resulted in the recovery, to control levels, of serum triglyceride concentrations, as well as the amounts of total lipids, triglycerides, and cholesterol in the liver. The livers of chicks fed on taurine diets at $34^{\circ}C$ showed significantly higher proportions of C14:0, C16:1, C18:1, C18:2, and 20:3, and lower C18:0 and C20:4 proportions than those of chicks fed on control diets at the same temperature (p<0.05). The total levels of saturated fatty acids decreased, but monounsaturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acid levels increased in chicks fed the taurine diet, as compared to chicks fed the control diet at $34^{\circ}C$ (p<0.05). Peroxidizability indices were significantly lower in the heat-exposed chicks fed the taurine diet than in the non-taurine heat-exposed groups (p<0.05). In conclusion, dietary taurine results in an increase in the growth performances of chicks under heat stress conditions via improvements in lipid absorption and metabolism, as well as an induced reduction in lipid peroxidation.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.245-253
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• 2003

치과용 복합레진의 중합률은 레진 기질내의 이중결합의 전환도를 나타내는 것으로 이는 재료의 물리적 성질과 기계적 성질 및 생체 친화성에 영향을 미친다. 레진의 중합도가 증가하면 취성과 수축이 증가하고 중합도가 낮으면 기계적 물리적 성질이 감소한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 광중합형 복합레진을 사용하여 플라즈마 아크 중합기 2종, 할로겐 중합기 2종, LED 중합기 2종, pulse-delay curing의 서로 다른 중합방법의 경우를 FTIR 분석법으로 복합레진의 물리적 기계적 성질 및 생체친화성에 영향을 미치는 중합률을 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 광중합 복합레진의 중합률은 FTIR로 측정하였을 때 34.52-49.31%사이로 나타났으며 플라즈마 아크 중합의 경우 Flipo는 $39.96{\pm}1.22%$, CrediII는 $45.64{\pm}1.34%$로, 할로겐 중합시 XL3000은 $43.48{\pm}1.34%$, VIP의 mode 4 사용시는 $44.31{\pm}0.72%$, LED의 LUXOMAX는 $49.31{\pm}2.37%$, Elipar Freelight는 $44.51{\pm}0.62%$, pulse-delay curing시에는 $34.52{\pm}0.85%$로 나타났다. 2. 각 중합 방법별로 중합률은 LED 중합 방법을 이용한 LUXOMAX가 다른 실험군에 비하여 가장 높은 중합률을 나타냈으며 pulse-delay curing 방법이 가장 낮은 중합률을 보였다. 3. Flipo 중합기, LUXOMAX 중합기, pulse-delay curing 방법이 다른 중합기와 비교하여 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 4. 각 중합방법이 동일한 군 내의 중합기기별 차이에서는 할로겐에서는 광중합기 사이에 중합률의 차이를 보이지 않았으나 플라즈마 아크에서는 CrediII가, LED에서는 LUXOMAX가 중합률이 높았다(p<0.05).

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.270-277
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between decision-making factors(theoretical knowledge, expertise, empowerment, intuition) and participation in proportion to nurses's clinical experience. Method: Data was collected by quota sampling from July 10, 2001 to August 22, 2001 from 132 clinical nurses who work for 3 General hospitals. Data was analyzed using SPSSWIN 10.0 with crosstab, ANOVA, and stepwise multiple regression. Result: Expertise(F=34.347, p=.000), empowerment(F=29.316, p=.000), and participation(F=3.276, p=.041) were significantly different among 3 clinical experience groups. Clinical experience correlated with expertise(r=.551, p=.000) and empowerment(r=.492, p=.000), and Decision-making participation also correlated with expertise(r=.351, p=.000) and empowerment(r=.265, p=.002). Decision-making participation is effected by theoretical knowledge(under 3.00yr clinical experience), expertise(3.01-5.00yr), and empowerment(above 5.01yr). Conclusion: These findings indicate that factors(theoretical knowledge, expertise, or empowerment) on decision-making participation varies as nurses's clinical experience differs. Therefore, decision-making needs bilateral agreement between staff nurses and nurse managers rather than the responsibility of one.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권14호
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• pp.6099-6104
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• 2015

Background: Previous studies investigating the association between miR-34b/c rs4938723 polymorphism and cancer risk showed inconclusive. Here, we performed meta-analysis to investigate the association between miR- 34b/c rs4938723 polymorphism and digestive cancer risk. Materials and Methods: Literature database including PubMed, OVID, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were searched for publications concerning the association between the miR-34b/c rs4938723 polymorphism and digestive cancer risk. Results: A total of 6 studies consisting of 3246 cases and 3568 controls were included in this meta-analysis. The combined analysis suggested the miR-34b/c rs4938723 polymorphism significantly reduced digestive cancer risk under allelic model, homogeneous co-dominant model and recessive model (C vs T: OR=0.88, 95%CI=0.82-0.95, p-value=0.001; CC vs TT: OR =0.67, 95%CI=0.57-0.80, p-value=0.000; CC vs TT/TC: OR=0.68, 95%CI=0.58-0.80, p-value=0.000). Q-test and I2 test revealed no significant heterogeneity in all genotype comparisons. The Begger's funnel plot and Egger's test did not show significant publication bias. Conclusions: The current evidence supports the conclusion that the miR-34b/c rs4938723 polymorphism decreases an individual's susceptibility to digestive cancers.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.773-780
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• 2000

연구배경 : 흉수의 pH 측정은 흉막천자시 흉수의 원인 진단을 위해 시행되는 중요한 검사항목이며, 특히 부폐렴흉막염이 농흉화되는지를 확인할 수 있는 지표중 하나이다. 흉수의 pH 측정은 혈액가스분석기계를 이용하는 것이 표준이나, 상황에 따라서는 pH meter나 pH strip을 이용하기도 한다. 본 연구에서는 흉수중 삼출액을 대상으로 위의 세가지 방법으로 pH를 측정하고 측정치들을 비교하여 보았다. 방법 : 1999년 8월부터 2000년 3월까지 중앙대학교 부속 용산의료원에 입원하여 삼출성 흉수로 의심되어 흉막 천자를 시행한 34례 (결핵성 흉막염 16명, 부폐렴성 흉수 9명, 폐암 5명, 농흉 3명, 심부전 1명)의 흉수에서 혈액가스분석기계, pH meter, pH strip의 세 가지 방법으로 pH를 측정하였다. 혈액가스분석기계와 pH meter에 의한 측정은 천자후 $0^{circ}C$로 유지하면서 30분 내에 시행하였으며, pH strip 측정은 흉막천자 직후에 pH strip으로 pH를 측정하고, 상온 상태로 검사실에 내려서 보고되는 결과를 이용하였다. 결과 : 34례 흉수의 pH 값 (평균값$\pm$표준편차)은 혈액가스 분석법 7.34$\pm$0.12, pH meter 법 7.52$\pm$0.25, pH strip 법 중, 흉막천자후 즉시검사의 경우에는 7.37$\pm$0.16 였으며, 검사실에서 측정한 pH strip법은 6.93$\pm$0.20으로, 혈액가스분석법을 기준으로 한 평균치 분석에서 검사실에서 측정한 pH strip 법은 의미있는 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 혈액가스분석법과 pH meter 방법, 그리고 혈액가스 분석법과 천자직후 pH strip법의 사이에는 의미있는 상관관계가 있었고, 혈액가스분석법과 pH strip 법 사이에는 의미있는 상관관계가 없었다. 결론 : 흉수천자 직후에 측정한 pH strip 법은 비교적 간단하고 정확하게 흉수의 pH를 측정할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.102-108
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• 2007

제올라이트로 충진된 수직 흐름 갈대 여과상에 인공하수를 주입하면서 처리효율을 조사하였다. 여과상 표면적 $m^2$당 1일 314 L의 인공하수가 6시간마다 10분 동안 간헐적으로 주입되었다. 처리수의 pH는 원수보다 감소하였으며, 용존산소 농도는 원수보다 증가하였다. 수직 흐름 여과상에서 각 항목별 연중 평균 처리효율은 SS 89.9%, $COD_{Cr}$ 86.1%, $COD_{Mn}$ 81.2%, BOD 93.3%, T-N 34.0%, $NH_4^+$-N, 97.3%,T-P 34.6%이었다. 처리수 중 T-N의 대부분은 $NO_3^-$-N이었으며 $NO_2^-$-N의 농도는 0.10 mg/L 이하이었다. 처리효율의 계절적 차이는 없었다. 수직 흐름 칼럼실험에서 여재인 제올라이트에 흡착된 인의 형태별 함량은 모든 깊이에서 Ca-P > Fe-P > 환원가용성 Fe-P > Occluded p > Saloid P > Al-P 순이었다. 여과상 깊이별 Al-P를 제외한 모든 종류의 인화합물의 함량은 위층일수록 높았으며, 함량 비율은 깊이가 깊을수록 높아지는 경향이었다. 유기물 함량도 상층 (0$\sim$5 cm 깊이)에 가장 높았으며, 그 이하의 깊이에서는 별 변화가 없었다. 가동기간이 경과할수록 모든 깊이에서 유기물 함량이 증가하였다.