• ETRI Journal
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.800-806
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• 2012

Transmission performances of direct detection-based 100-Gb/s modulation formats are investigated and compared for metro area optical networks. The effects of optical signal-to-noise ratio sensitivity, chromatic dispersion, cross-channel nonlinearity, and transmission distance on the performance of differential 8-ary phase-shift keying (D8PSK), differential phase-shift keying plus three-level amplitude-shift keying (DPSK+3ASK), and dual-carrier differential quaternary phase-shift keying (DC-DQPSK) are evaluated. The performance of coherent dual-polarization quadrature phase-shift keying (DP-QPSK) with block phase estimation and coherent DP-QPSK with digital differential detection are also presented for reference. According to our analysis, all three direct detection modulation formats could transmit a 100-Gb/s signal over several hundred kilometers of a single-mode fiber link. The results also show that DC-DQPSK outperforms D8PSK and DPSK+3ASK, and the performance of DC-DQPSK is comparable to that of coherent DP-QPSK with digital differential detection. The maximum transmission distance of DC-DQPSK is over 1,000 km, which is enough distance for metro applications.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.312-318
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• 2005

Mid-span spectral inversion (MSSI) has to utilize high optical pump power, for its operation principle is based on a nonlinear optical wavelength conversion. In this paper, a low pump-power operation of MSSI-based chromatic dispersion compensation (CDC) has been achieved successfully, for the first time to our knowledge, by introducing a noise pre-reduction scheme in cascaded wavelength conversions with periodically poled $LiNbO_3$ waveguides at a relatively low operation temperature. As preliminary studies, phase-matching properties and operation-temperature dependence of the wavelength converter (WC) were characterized. The WC pumped at 1549 nm exhibited a wide conversion bandwidth of 59 nm covering the entire C-band and a conversion efficiency of -23.6 dB at 11 dBm pump power. CDC experiments were implemented with 2.5 and 10 Gb/s transmission systems over 100 km single-mode fiber. Although it is well-known that the signal distortion due to chromatic dispersion is not critical at a 2.5 Gb/s transmission, the clear recovery of eye patterns was identified. At 10 Gb/s transmission experiments, eye patterns were retrieved distinctly from seriously distorted ones, and notable improvements in bit-error rates were acquired at a low pump power of 14 dBm.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.313-317
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• 2012

We have evaluated a 1.3 ${\mu}m$ vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL), whose bottom mirror and central active layer were grown by metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) and whose top mirror was covered with a dielectric coating, for 10 Gb/s data transmission over single-mode fibers (SMFs). Successful demonstration of error-free transmission of the directly modulated VCSEL signals at data rate of 10 Gb/s over a 10 km-long SMF was achieved for operating temperatures from $20^{\circ}C$ to $60^{\circ}C$ up to bit-error-rate (BER) of $10^{-12}$. The DC bias current and modulation currents are only 7 mA and 6 mA, respectively. The results indicate that the VCSEL is a good low-power consuming optical signal source for 10 GBASE Ethernet applications under controlled environments.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.25 no.9B
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• pp.1518-1526
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• 2000

This paper proposes an optical transmission link design method based on an optimum compensation scheme using dispersion compensating fiber (DCF), so that high-speed long-distance optical transmission would be possible over the conventional standard single mode fiber (SMF) link. The proposed design method provides the maximized transmission distances according to the signal speeds, where the amplifier spacing and repeater spacing are optimized wit respect to self-phase modulation(SPM) due to fiber nonlinearity and amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noises caused by optical amplifies. It is also shown that there exists an optimum input signal power range balancing the effects of ASE noise and SPM for the given amplifier spacing and repeater spacing.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.264-268
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• 2012

In this paper, we propose a new method for broadcasting in a WDM-PON system which has the merits of a simple and cost effective structure. It can be constructed using only an ASE (Amplified Spontaneous Emission) light source and a PI-RSOA (Polarization Independent - Reflective Semiconductor Optical Amplifier). Error-free broadcast signal transmission over 30 Km for 24 channels at 1.25 Gb/s has been successfully demonstrated.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.75-82
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• 2013

An optical grism for education is fabricated and tested. It is composed of a transmission grating as dispersion element and a prism as diffraction angle compensation device. The transmission grating is Edmundoptics #49-584(spatial frequency 600 lines/mm, dimension $50mm{\times}50mm$). The prism is the fused silica type with angles ($41.3^{\circ}$, $-48.7^{\circ}$, $-90^{\circ}$). The grism device is fabricated by bonding the transmission grating and the prism with an optical adhesive. The zig for assembling the grism, telescope and camera is composed of an aluminum tube, an aluminum disk ring and a T-ring camera adaptor. The fabricated optical grism spectrograph is tested in laboratory using Halogen lamp and Neon lamp with DSLR camera. And the grism assembled with reflector telescope is tested in a field using stellar light. The results show good agreements with design parameters. The wavelength coverage range of the grism is 250 nm at the un-deviated wavelength of 506 nm. The wavelength resolution is 0.11 nm/pixel.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.8 no.8
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• pp.1235-1240
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• 2013

We investigate an approximate analytic expression of signal distortion caused by the interaction between self-phase modulation (SPM) and dispersion in the dispersion-managed optical transmission where the dispersion is optimally compensated. From the analytic study, we obtain the analytic expression of the signal distortion in dispersion-managed optical transmission system. To confirm the validity of the analytic expression, we show that the eye-opening penalties calculated by the analytic expression correspond with the simulation results. Using the analytic result, we can easily estimate the signal distortion without complex nonlinear simulations.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.289-294
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• 2008

Affordable traffic capacity of each node in networks is expected to reach in Tb/s range in proportion to the rapid growth of Internet users. To transmit more than Tb/s per fiber pair, WDM should be used as well as existing TDM. To increase the capacity of transmission in WDM networks, there are two ways, increasing channel speed or channel quantity. To increase the channel quantity, there are two ways, narrow spacing or expanding transmission bandwidth. To expand bandwidth, ultra-broadband optical amplifier technology is necessary. In this paper, we introduce EDFA in effect at C/L band, FRA, and some optical amplifiers in effect at S band, and analyze the development trend of various amplification technologies.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.175-183
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• 2001

Various welding processes are now available for end cap closure of nuclear fuel element such as TG(Tungsten Inert Gas) welding, magnetic resistance welding and laser welding. Even though the resistance and TIG welding processes are widely used for manufacturing commercial fuel elements, they can not be recommended for the remote seal welding of a fuel element at a hot cell facility due to the complexity of electrode alignment, difficulity in the replacement of parts in the remote manner and a large heat input for a thin sheath. Therefore, the Nd:YAG laser system using optical fiber transmission was selected for Zircaloy-4 end cap welding inside hot cell. The laser welding apparatus was developed using a pulsed Nd:YAG laser of 500 watt average power with optical fiber transmission. The weldability of laser welding was satisfactory with respect to the microstructures and mechanical properties comparing with TIG and resistance welding. The optimum operation processes of laser welding and the optical fiber transmission system for hot cell operation in a remote manner have been developed The effects of irradiation on the properties of the laser apparatus were also being studied.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.229-237
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• 2020

In this study, a beam-coupling system is designed to improve the coupling efficiency of achip-integrated spectrometer when the waveguide is arranged in a linear and discrete manner. In the proposed system the beam is shaped to be anti-Gaussian, to deposit adequate energy in the edge waveguides. The beam is discretely coupled to the corresponding waveguide by a microlens array, to improve the coupling efficiency, and is compressed by a toroidal lens to match the linear discrete waveguides. Based on the findings of this study, the coupling efficiency of the spectrometer is shown to increase by a factor of 2.57. Accordingly, this study provides a reference basis for the improvement of the coupling efficiency of other similar spectrometers.