• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.455-469
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• 2007

In this study, we want to being helpful to improvement of ability to solve mathematical problem, that is grafted on the subjects being able to occur in real life, of students in teaching materials and results studied and developed in the university. For increasing ability to solve ingenious problem and growing in the learning ability of oneself leading of students. The goal of this study is to make possible open research as a result of that students look for problem around real life by one's own efforts and take interest in them through learning mathematics of parents of students, they are the most important fact of educational environment in the mathematics education - earlier than students. In particular, the goal of this study is that students have an positive attitude of mind for mathematics and maximize ability of practical application by the analytic thinking learned through experience of their parents, they survey, analyze and solve problems taken from real life in the method transmitting one's knowledge to others. This study is divided into 2 categories: education of students and education of their parents. By these, we want to disseminate advanced knowledge and theory through students improve the powers of thought, logic and inference, develop ability to solve mathematical problem, stir up motivation of learning and learn knowledge of mathematics become familiar with real life.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.27-36
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• 2009

In the performance of this research we aimed at surveying·studying the trouble factors, problems and improvement plans to extend agricultural products and agro-food and providing basic data for the globalization of Korean agricultural products and agricultural foods in future. All the respondents highly recognized, in general, the problems in exporting agricultural products and agro-food, and it was surveyed that the biggest reason lay in the insufficiency of the scout for new buyers and the lack in opening overseas market and marketing specialists. As for the problems of the supporting system of the export of agricultural products, it was pointed out that the level of recognition was fairly high, but the procedures were difficult, and they indicated the problems of non-benefits in spite of the recognition of the selection. For the purpose, it could be known that it required the publicity and education as to export supporting system, and also required the extension of export supporting system and the improvement of the system. Finally, in relation with the export promotion plan, the factors blocking the export promotion of agricultural products marked the highest in the weak management size and production foundation and the lack in export mind and special workforce. Therefore, considering that most of exporters of agricultural products are small/medium sized businesses, we foresaw that we lack in the opening of overseas market and the capacity of marketing activities, and analyzed that it was necessary to open an overseas market in the dimension of the government and cooperate with the marketing to solve the problems.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.173-208
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• 2017

Along with its expertise and yearning for freedom, Science has been seduced from Society. Coupled with societal uncertainty and complexity, the Science has faced the difficulty of solving societal issues and recognized its limitation on the control of quality it has kept. This leads to yield its way for opening up the societal participation. With this situation in mind, this paper explores the ways of societal participation on science based on previous studies but limited to evaluation. While the classical evaluation on science is conducted by only experts and not opened to the public, both the participatory and deliberative evaluation on science are open to the public and fitted to this research subject. Both evaluations are in common to expand its involvement to the broader stakeholder than classical one, but have discrepancy in the perspective of evaluands, evaluation methology applied, scope of participants and role of mediators. Along with the main obstacles such as political acceptance, representative of participants, competency of mediators, epistemic limitation and institutional path-dependency, this paper articulates the ways to implement both evaluations. Last but not least, this paper puts an importance on various and consequent research activities on this domain, reorganizing societal system and weighting efforts.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.68
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• pp.237-281
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• 2017

This research aimed at investigating Kim Gyoshin's recognition on Korean traditional ideology and harmony of Christian idea and traditional idea through the writing and diary in "Bible Joseon". Kim Gyoshin expressed positive interest in Korean traditional idea and traditional religion, and intended to localize Christian belief through communicating with them. He expressed infinite respect for national cultural asset of Buddhism, intending to research Korean Buddhism. He paid utmost attention to Confucianism among traditional ideas. He had a strong affection for learning(好學), benevolence(仁義), conscience(良心) of Confucianism as patriotic character. He calmly practiced caution and solitary(愼獨) of sincere(誠), solemnity(敬) of Confucianism through his life, however he chose Christian belief by accepting atonement belief realizing human sinful nature fundamentally inherent in human being. He personally respected Confucius and lived after the model of him, however he searched the spirit of life to renew the people from Christianity. Academically, he respected Confucius, and believed in Jesus in religion. He highly evaluated the attitude of patriot(志士), which highly regarded the academic attitude of learning(好學) and benevolence(仁義), in this regard, criticized blind and non-intellectual belief. He had an open attitude toward Korean traditional idea with no prejudice. As human individuals have their own inherent moral value, he viewed that each people would have their inherent ethnicity and mission. He considered that Korean Peninsula where contradiction and yoke of the world history are inherent is the center of East Asia that would purify injustice of the world. He viewed that Korean people had owned their original good heart[仁] even before Buddhism and Confucianism had been transmitted to the country. He determined that Korean people were good people, who received goodness from the heaven. However, while Uchimura created Japanese style Christianity by adapting Japanese knighthood to Christian idea, Kim Gyoshin lacked sharp critical mind regarding how to establish Korean style Christianity by adapting which of Korean traditional idea to Christian idea.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.95-111
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• 2021

This study introduces the new role of science museums. The practitioners from seven domestic science museums and four overseas ones participated in this study and responded the questionnaires. I identified what kind of science culture programs there are, if those programs were successful or not, and if unsuccessful, what kind of improvements can be made to be successful. The participating practitioners in science museums also developed an ideal and realistic community cooperation-based science culture programs and I explored the role of a new science museum for this purpose. In the case of current science culture programs, the most successful or not was the participation of visitors according to public relations, and the importance of public relations were mentioned as improvements. For a successful community cooperation-based science and culture program, active promotion, pre-operation team, dedicated personnel, open mind, and same purpose of other institutions, the will of both institutions, and economic support sponsors are important variables. In the case of the domestic science museums, the actual development and operation of the program showed that a successful community based program must have cooperation with other institutions in the same region, win-win connections, the dedicated human resources, and that each science museum's strengths were maximized. The science culture programs in the 21st century will enhance the innovative role of science museums making the use of local human and physical infrastructure, reflecting the needs of citizens, taking the initiative in the community, fostering cooperation-based professional human resources, and communicating smoothly with the government or local governments.

• Journal of Korean Classical Literature and Education
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• no.15
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• pp.67-88
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• 2008

In spite of a few numbers of Hyangga that is handed down today, Hyangga has diverse and abundant contents. So it is possible to survey Hyangga as a journey literature of the middle age. On this purpose we can inquire into the Hwarangs' group journey, because the Hwarang was one of the main enjoying group of Hyangga. Hwarangs' group journey shows many aspects. They made a journey for the public purpose like a tour of inspection of people's daily life and the fortresses of the country's peripheral areas. Also, they made a journey for personal purposes like enjoying the attractive view of the mountains and rivers or seeking pretty girls outside of the palace. On these journeys, Hwarang made and enjoyed Hyanggas. Among Hyanggas that remains today, Hyeseongga and Cheoyongga have a direct relation to Hwarang's journey. Hyeseongga was made to eliminate the calamities that occurred at the time of the start of a journey. It is expressed in this poem that Hwarang could take a peaceful trip with the condition that the celestial objects shed light on the earth path. As such, the trip becomes a sacred ceremony. Cheoyongga reflects the fact that the foreigner Cheoyong became Hwarang and toured the streets of Seorabeol, the capital of Shilla. The Cheoyong's bitterness of broken love is expressed in this poem. SongSadahamga and MoJukjirangga come under a broad category of Hwarang's journey literature. SongSadahamga is a farewell poem for Hwarang who leaves to fight on the battlefield. It was universal to make a journey for the fighting of a battle in Shilla period, so many Hyanggas would be made under those situations. MoJukjirangga has the content of Hwarang's trip for saving his follower who was taken by another senior. It expresses the intimate relationship between Hwarang and the follower. Though the words of the song have not been remained, Hyeongeumpogok, Daedogok, and Mungungok were created on the way of Hwarang's journey. These seem to be a series poems which have the proper characteristic features of the Hwarang's journey literature. In these poems, the king's open mind and liberal political views are reflected. In short, Hwarang created and enjoyed Hyanggas on the way of their journey, so Hyangga has the features of journey literature in Korean middle ages.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.14-29
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to investigate the components of scientific attitude by some learning topics in the 3rd~6th grade science textbooks that the pre-service elementary school teachers judge to be teachable in class and the educational effects of this analysis activity for the pre-service teachers. The several results of this study are as follows: The pre-service teachers responded that, for all learning topics, they could teach diverse components of scientific attitude and the number of components expressed in their responses is more than the components specified in the teacher's guides. Among the components of scientific attitude, 'curiosity', 'open-mindedness', 'respect for evidence', and 'objectivity' showed relatively high possibility of teaching, while 'honesty', 'collaboration', 'positive acceptance of failure', 'critical mind' and 'suspension of judgment' showed relatively low possibility of teaching. The responses that pre-service teachers judged to be teachable also showed similar patterns in the number of components of scientific attitude and the rate of the components between the learning topics of the 3~4th grades and the learning topics of the 5~6th grades. In addition, this pre-service teachers' analysis activity on the components of scientific attitude by learning topics in science textbooks suggested educational effects such as 'the deep understanding of the components of scientific attitude', 'the understanding and applying the components of scientific attitude in the context of science class', and so on.

• The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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• no.27
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• pp.167-196
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• 2009

The king-vassal-subject relation in neo-confucianism can be elucidated in their status context as well as in their communicative context. In their status context, there are two aspects of power such as sovereignty and rule. Chu-zhi thinks that subjects are nobler than king in the aspect of sovereignty, but the relation is reversed in the aspect of ruling power. These two relaitions are not contradictory, but compatible. When ruling power operates, he thinks, king, vassals and word-watching officials(諫官) must check each other. In their communicative context, there are theories of sympathy and public discourse. Sympathy consists of moral sympathy through virtue politics and emotional sympathy through enjoying together. Chu-zhi finds a theoretical basis of public discourse in the place where heavenly principle meets with human mind. Public discourse is to search for common good. Institutional arrangements for public discourse are the official's rights to open and free speech. He thinks that word-watching officials must be speech leaders.

• The Korean Journal of Coaching Psychology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.1-26
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate the Psychological Difficulties Scale of Working Moms(PDSWM). In the first study, 69items and 17 factors of the inventory were obtained based on interview, open-ended questionnaires. In the second study, the on-line surveys from 306 working mom was carried to analyze factor structure of the PDSWM. The final result showed that the 12 factor model with 64 items was appropriate. The third study was collected from 638 working mom and in order to make certain the cross-validity of the inventory, the group was divided into two groups (each group with 319 employees). The results of exploratory factor analyses using data of group 1 showed that the 8 factor structure with 48 items was appropriate. Also the results of confirmatory factor analysis using data of group 2 showed that the 8 factor structure indicated a satisfactory fit. Final 8 factors were as follows: 1) Feeling Apologetic to family members 2) Discrimination at workplace 3) burnt-out: both body and mind 4) Unequal distribution of child-rearing and house chore labor 5) Conflict with the babysitter/grandparents 6) Limit in further strengthening work competency 7) Social prejudice 8) Difficulty being on time for work. The PDSWM was significantly correlated with various criteria such as organizational commitment, life satisfaction, and work engagement. Based on such findings, implications, limitations, and the suggestions for future study were discussed.

• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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• v.26
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• pp.77-110
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• 2016

The purpose of this article is to study on the Correlative linkage between the cosmic principle of birth-growth and contraction-recess and the Non action Tao. The split time between birth-growth and contraction-recess is the conflict between the Prior Time and Posterior Time as the Great Renewal. The cycle of this Chaotic Renewals is the cycle of a cosmic circulation as 129,600 years. In relation to the correlative linkage of function, Jeong-san Sangje governs all the beings of the universe by means of the cosmic principle birth-growth and contraction-recess. Also Jeong-san Sangje, using the Non action Tao governing all the beings of the universe and let them exist as the original selves. Thus, the two necessities are mutual interdependent and mutual complementary. In relation to the correlative linkage of substance, Jeong-san Sangje is included in the cosmic life which forms of all the existences. That is personal God of Jeong-san Sangje that is a part of the cosmic life. So that Jeong-san Sangje is included in the cosmic life, the basis of all the cosmic affairs. He is also subordinate to the cosmic principle but he simultaneously governs it. Jeong-san Sangje is trans-versal mediator between the cosmic principle and the cosmic life of Non action Tao, since it is the origin of his mind. To understand the nature of Jeong-san Sangje who becomes one with the cosmic life, the old causal way of thinking which inquires the timely order and seeks for causes and effects should be abandoned. The new way of thinking is thus different from the old one. The core of cosmic life is abstracted as the essence-energy and god-blood. This structure is similar to the cosmic principle of birth-growth and contraction-recess. The death is a kind of event caused by the depletion of the essence, and all beings could altered into the god. It also would be returned to the natural birth place of the cosmos, as it were, that can be called the 'Return to the Origin'. As the cosmos goes to the new epoch, humans have been living together with the cosmic principle. Now we can expect the Posterior Time to open to humans as cosmic life of Non action Tao.