• Title/Summary/Keyword: one-way function.

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How Banks' Resources at the Retail Level Affect Their Output?

  • ALOTHMAN, Seham;AL-MAHISH, Mohammed
    • The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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    • v.7 no.12
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    • pp.853-861
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    • 2020
  • The study aims to measure the productivity of the Saudi banking sector at the retail level using secondary data for 11 local banks from the period 2015-2019. The study uses an extended version of the Cobb-Douglas production function to account for the fact that as banks openup more retail branches, they will need to employ more labor. The extended Cobb-Douglas production function was estimated using the two-way fixed effect model to account for unobserved heterogeneity across Saudi banks resulting from differences in labor competencies and leadership style. Besides, the model accounts for unobserved heterogeneity among Saudi banks due to the advancement in electronic services over time. The results showed that labor, branches, customers' deposits, and fixed deposits have a positive effect on the total value of generated loans. Conversely, ATM has an insignificant effect on generated loans. The average scale elasticity shows that the Saudi banks at the retail level are operating under decreasing returns to scale. The average marginal rate of technical substitution shows that Saudi banks need at least one ATM to replace one unit of labor at the retail level while keeping the same level of output.

The Effect of a Health Maintenance Program on Physical Function and Mental Health of the Elderly in Nursing Homes (건강유지 프로그램이 시설노인의 신체 건강과 정신 건강에 미치는 효과)

  • Sung, Ki-Wol
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • v.37 no.4
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    • pp.478-489
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    • 2007
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a Health Maintenance Program on physical functions and mental health of the elderly in nursing homes. Method: Sixty elderly(over 65 years old) in a randomized control study participated in a 16-week group-based intervention including functional exercises and health education. The participants were divided into 3 groups(Health Maintenance Program Group, Supportive Music Exercise Group, and Control Group) of 20 elderly each. Data was collected from Dec. 1st, 2005 to Mar, 30th, 2006. Physical function of lower body strength was assessed using a 30-second chair test, flexibility was assessed using a sit-and-reach test, and static balance was assessed by the ability to balance on one leg with open and closed eyes. Depression was assessed using the Korean Form of the Geriatric Depression Scale and self esteem was assessed using Rosenberg's Self Esteem Questionnaire. Data was analyzed by Chi-square test, One-way ANOVA, and Repeated measure two factor analysis. Results: A Health Maintenance Program significantly increased muscle strength, flexibility and static balance, but depression and self-esteem scores were not significantly changed. Conclusion: Findings demonstrated that a Health Maintenance Program was more effective on physical function than mental health of the elderly in nursing homes.

A study on the sequential algorithm for simultaneous estimation of TDOA and FDOA (TDOA/FDOA 동시 추정을 위한 순차적 알고리즘에 관한 연구)

  • 김창성;김중규
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics S
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    • v.35S no.7
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    • pp.72-85
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    • 1998
  • In this paper, we propose a new method that sequentially estimates TDOA(Time Delay Of Arrival) and FDOA(Frequency Delay Of Arrival) for extracting the information about the bearing and relative velocity of a target in passive radar or sonar arrays. The objective is to efficiently estimate the TDOA and FDOA between two sensor signal measurements, corrupted by correlated Gaussian noise sources in an unknown way. The proposed method utilizes the one dimensional slice function of the third order cumulants between the two sensor measurements, by which the effect of correlated Gaussian measurement noises can be significantly suppressed for the estimation of TDOA. Because the proposed sequential algoritjhm uses the one dimensional complex ambiguity function based on the TDOA estimate from the first step, the amount of computations needed for accurate estimationof FDOA can be dramatically reduced, especially for the cases where high frequency resolution is required. It is demonstrated that the proposed algorithm outperforms existing TDOA/FDOA estimation algorithms based on the ML(maximum likelihood) criterionandthe complex ambiguity function of the third order cumulant as well, in the MSE(mean squared error) sense and computational burden. Various numerical resutls on the detection probability, MSE and the floatingpoint computational burden are presented via Monte-Carlo simulations for different types of noises, different lengths of data, and different signal-to-noise ratios.

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A Study on Requirement Management of Naval Surface Ships by Using QFD (QFD를 활용한 함정 요구조건 관리 방안 연구)

  • Jeong, Yeon Hwan
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Systems Engineering
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    • v.15 no.2
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    • pp.57-65
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    • 2019
  • The weapon system applies the rule that the system engineering procedure must be applied at the acquisition stage. Naval ships, which are one of the important naval weapon systems, take a long period of time to acquire, and the leadership must be commissioned. Therefore, in order to acquire a naval ship, high risk management is necessary, and it is necessary to promote business success through effective application of system engineering which is a scientific management method. However, in the case of naval ships, there are no specific procedures and methods for applying the system engineering. Therefore, research on application method of system engineering which can be easily used by person in charge is necessary. This should have a simple approach to ensure effective business performance by systematically refining and simplifying existing works. QFD (Quality Function Deployment) is a way to improve product satisfaction, impress customers, reduce defective products, reduce design errors, and reduce costs. This systematically develops these mutual relationships by converting the needs of customers into quality characteristics of products and defining them as the design quality of products considering the functions, quality, and process elements of parts. The purpose of this research is to present concrete methodology at the practical level using QFD in a way to ensure traceability of requirements which is an important element of system engineering.

Protecting Security Policies in Ubiquitous Environments

  • Lee, Wan-Soo;Lee, Sung-Woon;Kim, Hyun-Sung
    • Proceedings of the Korea Society of Information Technology Applications Conference
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    • 2005.11a
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    • pp.297-300
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    • 2005
  • Especially, system security is very important in the ubiquitous environment. This paper proposes a protecting scheme for security policies in Firewall and intrusion detection system (IDS). The one-way hash function and the symmetric cryptosystem are used to make the protected rules for Firewalls and IDSs. The proposed scheme could be applied in diverse kind of defense systems which use rules.

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One-way hash function based on-line secret sharing which identifies all cheaters (부정한 참가자의 신분 확인이 가능한 일방향 해쉬 함수에 기반한 온라인 비밀 분산 방식)

  • 오수현;김승주;원동호
    • Proceedings of the Korea Institutes of Information Security and Cryptology Conference
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    • 1998.12a
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    • pp.243-252
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    • 1998
  • 비밀분산은 비밀정보의 관리나 multiparty 프로토콜, 그룹 암호방식등의 분야에서 매우 중요한 부분이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 일방향 해쉬함수에 기반한 효율적인 온라인 비밀분산 방식을 제안하고자 한다. 제안하는 방식은 하나의 share만으로 여러 개의 비밀을 분산할 수 있고, 액세스 구조가 변하는 경우에 notice board에 공개된 값들만 변경하면 각 참가자들은 기존의 share를 그대로 사용할 수 있다. 또한 참가자들의 부정이 있는 경우 그 수에 관계없이 부정한 참가자의 신분을 밝혀낼 수 있으며, 기존의 방식보다 계산상 효율적이라는 장점이 있다.

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MOFT : Scalable Key management of secure multicast using 7FT mechanism for mobile-IP network (MOFT : Mobile-IP네트워크에서 확장성을 제공하는 멀티캐스트 그룹 키 관리)

  • 윤미연;김기영;신용태
    • Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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    • 2001.10c
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    • pp.292-294
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    • 2001
  • 멀티캐스트 정보보호 기술은 순수만 멀티캐스트 기술을 실용화 하는데 있어서 없어서는 안될 기술이다. 멀티캐스트 정보보호 기술에서 이슈가 되는 것은 여러 가지가 있으나, 본 논문에서는 인증된 수신자만이 데이터를 볼 수 있도록 하기 위해 필요한 키의 분배 및 rekey 연산에 대해 제안된 몇 가지 기술을 알아보고. 무선환경에서도 확장성을 제공할 수 있는 방안으로 기존의 OFT(One-way Function Tree) 메커니즘을 토대로 하는 WOFT(Mobile OFT) 메커니즘을 제안하고 제안하는 MOFT 메커니즘의 효율성을 분석한다.

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CHARACTERIZATION THEOREMS FOR CERTAIN CLASSES OF INFINITE GRAPHS

  • Jung, Hwan-Ok
    • Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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    • v.30 no.1_2
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    • pp.245-252
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    • 2012
  • In this paper we present a necessary and sufficient conditions for an infinite VAP-free plane graph to be a 3LV-graph as well as an LV-graph. We also introduce and investigate the concept of the order and the kernel of an infinite connected graph containing no one-way infinite path.

Evaluation and Optimal Arrangement of Multi-Dimensional Consecutive System

  • 안해일
    • Proceedings of the Korean Reliability Society Conference
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    • 2000.11a
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    • pp.397-397
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    • 2000
  • There exists an increasing need of study for generalized consecutive k-out-of-n systems. This paper demonstrates that a recursive formula for multi-dimensional consecutive k-out-of-n systems can be systematically developed by means of conventional structure function analysis. By taking advantage of notational convenience, the formulae expressed in the same recursive fashion just as the one dimensional consecutive k-out-of-n system. With the aids of the recursive formulae, not only the exact reliability of the system, but also the optimal arrangement of components is obtainable in a straightforward way.

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Individuation and Ego Identity in Late Adolescence (후기 청소년의 개체화와 자아정체감과의 관계)

  • Baik, Jee Sook
    • Korean Journal of Child Studies
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.269-277
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    • 1999
  • Individuation and ego identity formation was studied in 297 university students in North Cholla Province. They completed the Korean Late Adolescent Individuation Questionnaire, and the revised version of the Objective Measure of Ego Identity Status. One-way ANOVA revealed differences in identity status as a function of individuation categories except in moratorium status. Individuated(??) students yielded the highest identity achievement scores and the lowest diffusion scores. Ambiguous students yielded the highest diffusion scores. Less individuated(??) students had the highest foreclosure scores while pseudo-autonomous students had the lowest foreclosure scores.

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