• 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국펄프종이공학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회
• /
• pp.222-228
• /
• 2008

The chemical composition and thermal, crystal characterization of oak mushroom waste were investigated in comparison with those normal oak wood for utilization of cellulose from oak mushroom waste. The oak mushroom waste contained a higher percentage of ash, and hot water extractives than oak wood. This results indicated that the materials inside the body are easily decomposed during the oak mushroom cultivation. The lower percentage of holocellulose and a-cellulose of oak mushroom waste caused by fungal decomposition too. Whereas, the thermal decomposition behavior and crystallinity of oak mushroom waste was similar to that of normal oak wood, which indicated that the cellulose characterization of oak mushroom waste is resistant to fungal decomposition. In additionally, a degree of polymerization of oak mushroom waste must be investigate for examination of cellulose crystalline characterization, especially.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제36권1호
• /
• pp.54-60
• /
• 2008

버섯종균에 의해 열화된 신갈나무 버섯폐골목의 흡음성능과 구조적 특징의 변화를 관찰하고자 버섯폐골목을 원반형으로 채취하여 무처리 목재와 구조적 특징의 변화를 비교하고, 전달함수법을 이용하여 흡음률을 측정 비교하였다. 측정주파수범위에서 버섯폐골목의 시험편이 보통의 시험편보다 높은 흡음률을 나타내었으며, 특히 2~6 KHz의 주파수영역에서는 보통 목재보다 2~3배 정도 높은 흡음률을 나타내었다. 버섯폐골목은 무 처리 목재보다 중량이 70% 정도 감소하였으며, 3단면에서 다수의 공극이 관찰되어 이들이 흡음공극으로 작용하여 측정주파수영역에서 흡음률이 증가된 것으로 사료된다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• 제35권6호
• /
• pp.674-683
• /
• 2019

Some species of the Trichoderma genus are reported as the major problem in oak wood mushroom production in Korea. In spite of economic loss by the fungi, scientific information on airborne Trichoderma species is not much available. To generate information for disease management development we analyzed airborne Trichoderma. A total of 1,063 fungal isolates were purely obtained from indoor air sampling of cultivation houses used for oak wood mushroom using sawdust media. Among the obtained isolates, 248 isolates were identified as Trichoderma fungi including T. harzianum, T. atroviride, T. citrinoviride, and T. pseudokoningii, by morphological and molecular analysis. T. harzianum was dominant among the four identified species. All the four Trichoderma species grew fast on solid nutrient media tested (potato dextrose agar [PDA], malt extract agar [MEA], Czapek's Dox + yeast extract agar [CYA] and cornmeal dextrose agar). Compact mycelia growth and mass spore production were better on PDA and CYA. In addition, T. harzianum and T. citrinoviride formed greenish and yellowish mycelium and spores on PDA and CYA. Greenish and yellowish pigment was saturated into PDA only by T. pseudokoningii. These four Trichoderma species could produce extracellular enzymes of sawdust substrate degradation such as β-glucosidase, avicelase, CM-cellulase, amylase, pectinase, xylanase, and protease. Their mycelia inhibited the growth of oak wood mushroom mycelia of two tested cultivars on dual culture assay. Among of eleven antifungal agents tested, benomyl was the best to inhibit the growth of the four Trichoderma species. Our results demonstrate that the airborne Trichoderma fungi need to be properly managed in the cultivation houses for safe mushroom production.

• 펄프종이기술
• /
• 제46권3호
• /
• pp.44-49
• /
• 2014

The mushroom cultured waste(MCW) from cork oak was evaluated as the raw material for bioethanol production. For enzymatic hydrolysis, cellulase cocktails (Celluclast 1.5L and Novozym 188) was used for polysaccharides to monosaccharides conversion. Compared with sound cork oak woodmeal, woodmeal from MCW showed higher cellulose to glucose conversion. To improve polysaccharides to monosaccharides conversion, pretreatment by sodium hydroxide was applied. Even though more xylan and lignin were removed in woodmeal of MCW than that of cork oak, concentration of glucose was higher from sodium hydroxide treated cork oak woodmeal (51.3 g/L) than treated MCW woodmeal (41.6 g/L).

• 한국균학회지
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.38-40
• /
• 2000

Anamorph and teleomorph of Diatrype stigma on the bed-log inoculated with oak-mushroom (Lentinula edodes) in Korea were observed and identified. As the characters of anamorph of Diatrype stigma, conidia were hyaline, falcate or slightly curve, and $1{\sim}1.5{\times}12.5{\sim}17.5\;{\mu}m$, and conidia layer was confirmed under the bark. About teleomorph, perithecia $150{\sim}200{\times}450{\sim}500\;{\mu}m$, with ostiole ($30{\sim}40\;{\mu}m$, three- to four-sulcate). Size of ascus containing 8 ascospores was $5{\sim}6{\times}30{\sim}40\;{\mu}m$. Ascospores were hyaline to pale brown, $1.5{\sim}2{\times}5{\sim}7.5\;{\mu}m$ and mostly biguttulate.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.26-31
• /
• 1994

To provide further information for reutilization of the waste wood obtained after cultivating oak mushroom in Kangwon-do, the crystal structures of the waste wood were investigated and compared to those of normal woods by a series of x-ray diffraction analysis. The results obtained are as follows: 1. An x-ray diffraction diagram of cultivated wood for 5 years was same as that of typical cellulose with some orientation of cellulose crystallites, but that of cultivated wood for 8 years a random. 2. Crystallinity indices in normal and cultivated woods for 5 years ranged from 57% to 60%. In the cultivated wood for 8 years, however, the value showed about 40%. 3. Crystallite widths of cultivated woods for 5 years and for 8 years were 3 nm and 2.5 nm, respectively. 4. Intensity ratios of equatorial and meridional layers did not show any significant differences. From the above results, it is clear that the waste wood obtained after cultivating oak mush room for 5 years showed basically same crystal structures with normal wood. Therefore, we think that the waste wood may be used available for cellulosic material instead of normal wood.

• 한국균학회지
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.170-172
• /
• 2002

An unrecorded Hypoxylon sp. was observed on the bed-log of oak-mushroom (Lentinula edodes) in Korea. The stroma of the fungus was formed on the bed-log (Quercus spp.) damaged by Korean squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris coreae). Perithecia were $200{\sim}400{\mu}m$, and asci containing 8 ascospores were $7{\sim}8{\times}150{\sim}230{\mu}m$ in size. Paraphysis was cylindrical shape, Ascospores were $5{\sim}9{\times}12{\sim}17.5{\mu}m$ in size, pale brown to dark brown, elliptical, and smooth. They have germination cleft and $1{\sim}2$ oil droplets.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 1995

The crystal transformation from cellulose I to cellulose II during alkaline swelling of waste wood, which has been used for cultivating oak mushroom(Cortinellus edodes (Berk.) Ito et Imai), was investigated and compared to that of normal wood by a series of X-ray diffraction analysis. When the sapwood of cultivated wood was treated with 20% NaOH solution for 2 hours, the cellulose I can be easily transformed into Na-cellulose I than normal wood or heartwood of cultivated wood. Certainly the formation of Na-cellulose in wood is proportional to alkali swelling duration, and the formation of cultivated sapwood was faster than that of the other woods. Cellulose I in the sapwood of cultivated wood was easily transformed into cellulose II during mercerization, but the sapwood of normal wood and the heartwood of cultivated wood hardly converted to cellulose II. Namely, most of Na-cellulose I in normal wood can be reconverted to cellulose I in the process of washing and drying. Therefore, it can be concluded from this study that in cell wall lignin and hemicellulose can prevent the alkaline swelling of cellulose in wood and the transformation from cellulose I to cellulose II as well.

• 한국균학회지
• /
• 제44권4호
• /
• pp.289-295
• /
• 2016

Lentinula edodes is an edible wild mushroom that can be found in mountainous regions of the Korean peninsula. Wild oak mushrooms were collected from Quercus mongolica at an elevation of more than 1,000 m on Mt. Jungwang and Mt. Gariwang in Gangwon province. We examined 10 oak mushroom strains to evaluate the genetic similarity among strains. Genetic similarity was determined based on the analysis of microsatellite markers (Led A2, Led A8, Led B2, Led B6, and Led D6) registered in the National Center for Biotechnology Information. We also performed dual culture tests on potato dextrose agar for 2 months at $25^{\circ}C$. The observed heterozygosity across all microsatellites ranged from 0.00 and 0.60 among 5 microsatellite markers, and the polymorphism information content values of Led A2, Led A8, Led B2, Led B6, and Led D6 were 0.0000, 0.8144, 0.6194, 0.4892, and 0.5702, respectively (mean value = 0.4987). Confrontation lines between strains were formed for almost all combinations. In conclusion, the oak mushroom populations of Mt. Jungwang and Mt. Gariwang have mixed gene pools. However, further studies are needed to identify genetic similarities and variations among these populations.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.7-14
• /
• 1993

To increase the production of mushrooms and the economic efficiency of mushroom cultivation, the pinchips(PC) and sawdusts(SD) of three Korean oak species were tested as cultivating media for Lentinus edodes with varing the composition of the media. The results are as follows. 1. Organic acids(tannic acid and citric acid), which were added in the PC medium to enrich the quality of mushrooms, did not increase the growths of the mycelia and the quality. 2. The mushrooms were able to be harvrested from six months after beginning the cultivation. No significant differences were found among the qualities of the mushrooms produced by various treatments. 3. The production rate of mushroom was relatively high with, 28.4~29.3% (700~730gr./2,500gr pack). The net profit estimated was about 1,450 won per pack.