• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.55-79
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• 1989

The first doctoral program for science education was opened on March 1984 at Seoul National University in Korea. As a faculty member of the University, this researcher investigated the status of doctoral program of foreign countries through interview with instractors and students by visitation of some institutes, participation of seminars, observation of tutoring, reading of theses and the related papers, in order to compare them and to design a new one for our purpose. The number of science education doctoral degree holders is estimated about 4000, among them 3000 doctoral degree holders are from USA since Columbia University Teachers College started in 1930s at first, and about 1000 doctors from other mainly European countries including Germany and England since 1970s. This study concentrated to the doctoral program for science education of Columbia University(USA), King's College London(UK), and Monash University (Australia),so that proposed a few aspects of development on doctoral program for science education in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.855-866
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• 2004

In many surveys, one of the most important goals is to obtain reliable and valid responses from respondents. To achieve the goal, a researcher have to make efforts to protect respondents' confidentiality and to reduce the effects of social desirability on answers. The key question of this paper is whether the position of demographic questions have an effect on responses. Two types of questionnaires are considered: one puts the demographic questions at the beginning and the other does at the last. On both types, I asked only a small number of demographic questions which are considered as essential on analytic purposes. The results show no evidence of position effects when the risk to threat confidentiality was minimized.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.398-402
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was carried out in order to verify actual applicability of mental practice in the clinical field by applying it to Parkinson disease patients. Methods: : The number of subjects was three and they were aged between 65 and 69. One year or longer period has passed since they were diagnosed with Parkinson disease. The baseline A consisted of three sessions. After the baseline period, the researcher applied mental practice to the subjects once per day, for 20 minutes per each time, for 10 sessions. The no-intervention withdrawal phase was composed of three sessions. Outcome measures 10 meter walking test(10MWT), timed up and go (TUG) test, 8-figure walk test (8FWT). Results: All results indicated that 10 MWT, TUG, F8WT was improved when compared mental practice(B) to pre base line(A). base line(A) after mental practice intervention(B) was also sustained. Conclusion: As a result of the mental practice, we can know that it helps straight gait, dynamic balance, curved gait to improve.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.260-264
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• 2003

The growing concern for poor dietary habits among adolescents has prompted many researcher to study the adolescents' knowledge and beliefs on a number of nutrition-related issues. Following that precedent, this study was conducted to evaluate the nutrition knowledge of a sample of adolescents in a middle school in Ohio. The participants were 532 students in the sixth, seventh, and eighth grades between the ages of 11 and 13 from Shawnee Middle School in Lima, Ohio. The students were asked to answer a questionnaire CANKAP (Comprehensive Assessment of Nutrition Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices), which measured their nutrition knowledge. The CANKAP questionnaire consisted of 20 questions for sixth grade students and 25 questions for seventh and eighth grade students. Also, the participants were asked to identify their gender. According to the result, nutrition knowledge of middle school children was weak. The findings indicated that females had higher mean nutrition knowledge scores than boys in the seventh and eighth grades. There was no significant difference in the mean value of nutrition knowledge between sixth grade boys and girls.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.114-117
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• 2006

Concrete beams reinforced with fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) bars exhibit large deflection and crack width as compared to concrete beams reinforced steel due to modulus of elasticity of FRP bars. Current design code for prediction and crack width developed in concrete structures reinforced with steel bars may not be used for concrete beams reinforced with FRP bars. Thus a number of researcher have attempted to propose modifications to the ACI 318 empirical equation for estimating the effective moment of inertia of reinforced concrete beams. Others used numerical method to calculate the deflection. The purpose of this paper is to evaluation of methods of ACI 440.1 R-01, ISIS Canada design manual, and others for predicting deflection for glass fiber reinforced polymer reinforced concrete beams.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.1450-1454
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• 2006

Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) is applied to analyze time series characterized with nonlinearity and nonstationarity. This decomposition could be utilized to construct finite and small number intrinsic mode functions (IMF) that describe complicated time series, while admitting the Hilbert transformation properties. EMD has the capability of being adaptive, capture local characteristics, and applicable to nonlinear and nonstationary processes. Unlike discrete wavelet transform (DWT), IMF eliminates spurious harmonics and retains meaningful instantaneous frequencies. Examples based on data representing natural phenomena are given to demonstrate highlight the power of this method in contrast and comparison of other ones. A presentation of the energy-frequency-time distribution of these signals found to be more informative and intuitive when based on Hilbert transformation.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.283-287
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• 2022

Machine Learning is the most popular method used in data science. Growth of data is not only numeric data but also text data. Most of the algorithm of supervised and unsupervised machine learning algorithms use numeric data. Now it is required to convert text data into numeric. There are many techniques for this conversion. Researcher confuses which technique is best in what situation. Here in proposed work BOW (Bag-of-Words) and TF-IDF (Term-Frequency-Inverse-Document-Frequency) has been studied based on different features to determine best method. After experimental results on text data, TF-IDF and BOW both provide better performance at range from 100 to 150 number of features.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.163-178
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• 2000

Institutions included in this study of emergency short term shelters for children in crisis included 2 public counseling centers providing short term protection services for children and 12 emergency shelters for runaway children located in a metropolitan city in Korea. The institutions were examined with respect to their establishment, management, and programs. The researcher visited and interviewed workers employed in the institutions. In additions, 12 children who had been cared for emergency shelters were surveyed with open-ended questions. The data consisted of information on founders, locations, purpose, current management, personnel, length of care, and number and grouping of children. Programs and daily schedules were also examined. Effective models of emergency short term shelters were discussed on the basis of the collected data.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.41-51
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• 2021

This paper is to study whether cooperative learning applying group games becomes a teaching method that can increase interest and participation in class in calculus and the effect of the number of students. To increase interest and participation in class, the researcher conducted cooperative learning by applying smartphones and various game tools to group games. The consequences of the study confirmed that students' interest and participation in the class increased regardless of their mathematics basics. Therefore, it is expected that the calculus which is difficult for students to understand will be more easily approached by cooperative learning applying group games in the future.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.35 no.7
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• pp.907-913
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• 2011

Swirling flows are related to the spiral motion in the tangential direction in addition to the axial and radial direction using several swirl generators. These type of flows are used in combustion chambers to improve flame stability, heat exchanger to enhance heat transfer coefficients, agricultural spraying machines and some vertical pipes to move slurries or transport of materials. However, only a few studies three dimensional velocity profiles in a vertical pipe have been reported. In this present paper, 3 dimension particle image velocimetry(PIV) technique was employed to measure the velocity profiles in water along a vertical circular pipe with Reynolds number from 6000 to 13,000. A tangential inlet condition was used as the swirl generator to produce the required flow. The velocities were measured with swirling flow in the water along the test section using the PIV technique.