• 제목/요약/키워드: number of plants/hill

검색결과 53건 처리시간 0.032초

Effect of different plant densities on growth and yield of sorghum(Sorghum bicolor L. Moench.)

  • Cho, Young Dae;Jung, Ki Yuol;Chun, Hyun Chung;Lee, Sang Hun;Kang, Hang Won
    • 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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    • pp.206-206
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    • 2017
  • Sorghum is a crop with a various plant height depending on the planting density. If the height exceeds 1.8m, which is the harvestable height of the combine, loss is caused by clogging of the installation, entrance of the threshing section and the threshing section. The purpose of this study is to set the planting distance and number of plants per hill suitable for combine harvesting as the plant length does not exceed 1.8m. The experimental variety was Nampungchal. The experiment design was a split-plot design with three replications. The treatments were as follow: Main-plot were 1 and 2 plants as number of plants per hill and sub-plots were $60{\times}20cm$ (practice), $70{\times}15$, 20, 25, 30 cm as planting distance. The amount of nitrogen, phosphate and potassium fertilization were 100, 70, $80kg\;ha^{-1}$. Data were collected: (1) grain yield: weight of grain in $kg\;ha^{-1}$, (2) 1000 grain weight: average weight of 1000 grain, (3) plant height: distance from soil to top of panicle, (4) ear length: distance from top of stem to top of ear in cm, (5) stem diameter: diameter of second internode, (6) tiller number per hill. Analyses of variance were performed using R version 3.3.1(https://www. r- project. org). The Duncan's multiple range test(DMR) was used to separate treatment means at P < 0.05. As number of plants per hill increased, plant height and yield increased and tiller number decreased. As planting distance increased, plant height and yield decreased and tiller number increased. At 1 plant per hill, the plant height did not exceed 1.8m at all planting distance. At 2 plants per hill, the plant height did not exceed 1.8m from the planting distance of $70{\times}25cm$. At 1 plant per hill, the tiller number increased to 0.23, 0.27, 0.60 and 0.70 as the planting distance increased to $70{\times}15$, 20, 25 and 30 cm, respectively. At 2 plants per hill, the tiller number increased to 0.03, 0.03, 0.14 and 0.40 as the planting distance increased to $70{\times}15$, 20, 25 and 30 cm, respectively. At 1 plant per hill, the yield decreased to 6030, 4280, 3400 and $3230kg\;ha^{-1}$ as the planting distance increased. At 2 plant per hill, the yield decreased to 7850, 5770, 5720 and $4960kg\;ha^{-1}$ as the planting distance increased. We recommend that the optimum number of plants per hill and planting distance is 2 and $70{\times}25cm$ suitable for combine harvesting.

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3. 간척지에서 수도개체군과 재식밀도에 관하여 (Study on the Salt Tolerance of Rice and Other Crops in Reclaimed Soil Areas 3. Response of Rice to Plant Population and Spacing in the Slty Soil Area)

  • 임형빈
    • Journal of Plant Biology
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    • 제12권2호
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    • pp.28-42
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    • 1969
  • Field studies were conducted with the split plot design of 20 treatment with a combination of 4 levels of 3, 5, 7 and 9 plants per hill and 5 levels of 60, 80, 100, 120 and 140 hills per 3.3$m^2$ on non-, low- and high-salty areas. Rice variety, Kusabue was grown under jthe standard fertilization and cultivating. Investigation was made on the productive structure of plant population, leaf-area index, light intensity curve by stratum of crop population at the panicle differentiation stage. The competition density effect on the photosynthetic capacity was low as the salt concentration became higher. This seemed to suggest the possiblity of an increased yielding capacity by closer planting in the salty areas. The effect of an increased number of hills per unit area was greater than that of an increased unmber of plants per hill due to the total leaf area and space distribution of the actie assimilation parts of rice plants. The number of ppanicle per unit area in the salty areas were increased when the number of hill per 3.3$m^2$ increased over an increased number of plants per hill, and the panicle weight was reduced by close planting in the non-lalty area, while it was not reduced so much in the salty areas. The number of grains per panicle was significantly decreased by close planting in the salty areas as in the non-salty area, and ratio of matured grain was not decreased even by close planting in the salty areas, while it was significantly decreased by close planting in the non-salty area. An increase in the rice yield was possible by close planting and greatly related to leaf area index in the salty areas but not in the non-salty area. Increasing the number of hills per unit area showed greater effect on the increase of the rice yield than an increased number of plants per hill in the salty areas. Relationships between the growth characteristics and the rice population affected by plant spacing mode for maximum production were discussed.

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제주지역에서 주당본수에 따른 양마의 생육특성, 사료수량 및 조성분 변화 (Effect of Number of Plants per Hill on the Agronomic Characteristics, Forage Yield, and Chemical Camposition of Kenaf in Jeiu Region)

  • 조남기;강영길;송창길;조영일;고미라;오은경
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
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    • 제22권1호
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    • pp.23-30
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    • 2002
  • 본 연구는 제주지역에서 양마의 주당 본수 1(16,000주/10a), 2(34,000주/10a), 3(48,000주y10a), 4(64,000주/10a), 및 5본(80,000주/10a)에 따른 생육특성, 사료수량성 및 사료가치를 검토하고, 가축 조사료로 이용하기 위하여 2001년 4월 13일부터 10월 8일까지 수행하였으며, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 초장은 주당 1본에서 176cm였으나 주당 2본에서 185cm로 길어졌으나 그 이상 주당 본수가 많아짐에 따라 점차적으로 작아져서 5본에서는 166cm로 작아졌다. 생초, 건물, 단백질 및 TDN수량은 주당 2본에서 각각 114.6MT/ha, 17.3MT/ha, 2.33MT/ha, 9.21MT/ha로 가장 증수되었으나 그 이상과 그 이하의 본수에서는 점차적으로 감소되었고, 주당 5본에서는 생초수량 44.6MT/ha, 건물 수량 4.9MT/ha 단백질 수량 0.75MT/ha, TDN 수량은 2.83MT/ha로 감수되었다. 주당 본수가 1본에서 5본으로 많아짐에 따라 조단백질 함량 13.1%에서 15.4%로, 조지방 함량 3%에서 3.7%, 가용무질소물 20.1% 에서 23.2%로, TDN 함량은 41.1%에서 45.4%로 증가되었으나 조섬유와 조회분 함량은 각각 41.2%에서 34.9%로, 9.4%에서 8.2%로 감소되었다.

조 고휴점파 시 재식본수에 따른 생육 및 수량특성 (Effects of Plant Number Per Hill on Growth and Yield of High Ridge Hill-Seeded Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica L.))

  • 정기열;박수권;강항원;조영손;전승호
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제61권2호
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    • pp.119-123
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    • 2016
  • 최근 건강 기능성 농산물로 각광받고 있는 조의 생산량과 자급률 향상을 위하여 조 고휴점파 시 재식본수에 따른 생육 및 수량특성을 검토한 결과, 간장은 1, 2년차 모두 1본 처리구에서 138, 148 cm로, 가장 짧았던 5본 처리구에 비해 각각 31, 25 cm 차이를 보였으며, 재식본수가 적을수록 길어지는 경향이 뚜렷하였다. 간경은 1본 처리구에서 7.79, 7.67 mm로 굵었으며, 재식본수가 증가할수록 얇아지는 경향을 보였다. 분얼수는 1본 처리구에서 1, 2년차 모두 2.9, 2.7개로 가장 많았고, 재식본수가 증가할수록 감소하였으며 4, 5본 처리구에서는 변화가 없었다. 수량구성요소에서 이삭장과 이삭당 종실수는 연차간 재식본수가 적을수록 길고 많았으며, 그 결과 10a당 수량은 2본 처리구에서 이삭당 종실중과 천립중이 가장 높았던 1본 처리구에 비해 1년차에 12%, 2년차에 9% 높게 나타났다.

기온변리에 따른 다수성 품종 '다산벼'의 생육특성 분석 (Analysis of Growth Characteristics as Affected by Air Temperature Variation in Dasanbyeo, a Indica/Japonica High Yielding Rice Cultivar)

  • 김덕수;신진철;류점호
    • 한국농림기상학회지
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    • 제2권2호
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    • pp.41-46
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    • 2000
  • 본 시험은 다산벼를 공시하여 작물시험장 수도재배 포장에서 1998~1999년에 단위면적당 수수화보를 위하여 5월10일부터 10일 간격으로 6월 19일까지 5회 이앙을 하여 생육환경 변화에 따른 경수증가와 재식본수를 1, 3, 5본 및 7본으로 하였을 때 출수기의 변화를 구명하고 재배 기술 개발의 기초자료로 활용하고자 시험하여 몇 가지 결과를 얻었기에 보고하고자한다. 1. 다산벼는 초기 생육기온이 높을수록 분얼에 유리하여 이앙 후 30일 경수가 5월 10일 이앙 9.7개 보다 6월 19일 이앙이 18.3개로 8.6개가 많았다. 2. 재식묘수에 따른 경수는 7묘까지 많을수록 많았으며, 수수는 분얼 경수가 많을수록 많은 경향이었다. 3. 출수기는 이앙기가 늦어질수록 6월 9일 까지는 출수일수가 단축되었으나 6월 19일 이앙은 늦어졌다. 주당묘수에 따른 변화는 y = 2.65$x^2$-31.36x+1957.5 ($R^2$=0.9795)관계로 변화하였다. 4. 경당 건물중은 평균기온의 변화에 따라 y = -0.1285$x^2$+6.6717x-83.423($R^2$=0.9223$^{**}$ ) 관계가 있고, 경당 건물중이 가장 높은 최적 기온은 26$^{\circ}C$이었다. 5. 수수와 수량과의 관계는 수수가 증가하면 수량은 증가하였고, 그 관계는 y=1.6292x+11.701($R^2$=0.6342$^{**}$ )이었다.

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Fusarium moniliforme 이병주(罹病株)의 이앙후(移秧後) 병징출현(病懲出現)과 수량(收量)과의 관계(關係) (Seasonal Bakanae Symptom Development and Yield Associated with Transplantation of Infected Rice Seedling by Fusarium moniliforme)

  • 성재모;양성석;박종성
    • 한국균학회지
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    • 제12권4호
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    • pp.171-174
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    • 1984
  • Fusarium monilifome에 이병(罹病)된 유묘(幼苗)를 이앙(移秧)한 후(後) 키다리병병징출현주(病病徵出現株)의 수량구성요소(收量構成要素)를 조사(調査)하여 수량(收量)과의 관계(關係)를 보면 주당수수(株當穗數)와 수당건전입수(穗當健全粒數)순으로 수량(收量)에 영향(影響)을 주었다. 본답(本畓)에서 병징(病徵)이 나타내는 시기(時期)와 수량구성요소(收量構成要素)들 간(間)에 은일(一) 정(定)한 경향(傾向)을 보이지 않고 건전주(健全株)를 이앙(移秧)한 주(株)에서 무병징주(無病徵株)보다 수량(收量)이 증가(增加)하였다.

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The growth and productivity of native Indonesian rice progenies and its relationship with root development during dry-season

  • Zakaria, Sabaruddin;Fitrya, Farid;Kurniawan, Trisda;Hereri, Agam Ihsan;Maulana, Teuku
    • 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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    • pp.338-338
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    • 2017
  • One of the problems in increasing rice production is getting lines or varieties that have high adaptability so that able to produce maximum production in a variety of environmental conditions. One strategy that can be done to get adaptive varieties is through the improvement of native varieties. This research was conducted in rain fed paddy field, Aceh province, Indonesia from June to September 2014. The texture of the soil was clay-loam with the soil pH ranged from 6.5-6.7. Five potential progenies of rice from crossing between native Indonesian rice with introduced rice varieties consist of C3, C4, S3, S5, S6 were used in this study. Besides that, one national rice variety Ciherang also used as a comparison. The plants were growth in the plot with the size of $2m{\times}1.4m$ with plant distance was $20cm{\times}20cm$. The fertilizers used in this study were Urea, NPK, and KCl. Randomized block design with 6 rice progenies/variety and 3 replications were used in this study. There were 18 experimental units and each experimental unit had 10 samples for the sources of data. The variables that were observed in this study including plant height at harvesting time, number of productive tiller, the percentage of empty grains and filled grain per panicle, weight of filled grains per hill, weight of filled grain per plot and yield potential per hectare. Analyzed were also conducted for the depth of root penetration, dry-root weight, dry-shoot weight, shoot-root weight ratio and its correlation with the weight of filled grain per hill. The research results show that there was significant difference on plant height at harvesting time, number of productive tillers, the percentage of empty grains and filled grain per panicle, weight of filled grains per hill, weight of filled grain per plot and yield potential per ha (p>0.01) among the treatments. In addition, depth root penetration, dry-root weight, dry-shoot weight, shoot-root weight ratio also had significant difference (p>0.01) among the treatment. The highest plant at harvesting time was found in S6, reaching 129.8 cm and the shortest plants was found in C3 reaching 107.5 cm. The largest number of productive tillers and the highest percentage of filled grains per panicle were found in Ciherang reaching 10.5 tillers and 80.7% respectively. Ciherang also had the heaviest weight of filled grains per hill and per plot reaching 21.1 g and 2.18 kg respectively. Whereas, S6 had the lowest number of tillers and the lowest percentage of filled grain per panicle.. The highest yield potential per ha was found in Ciherang reaching 7.79 tons. Among the progenies, S5 had the highest yield potential reaching 5 tons/Ha. The result also showed significant relationship between shoot-root weight ratio with weight of filled grains per hill. The highest value of shoot-root weight ratio (1.57) in Ciherang is thought had closed relationship with its yield potential.

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맥문동(麥門冬)의 재식밀도(栽植密度)에 따른 생육(生育) 및 수양성(收量性) (Growth and Tuber Yield of Liriope platyphylla WANG and TANG in Different Planting Density)

  • 성재덕;박용진;김현태;서형수;한경수
    • 한국약용작물학회지
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    • 제2권2호
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    • pp.110-113
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    • 1994
  • 맥문동(麥門冬) 재식밀도(栽植密度)에 따른 생육(生育) 및 수양성(收量性)을 구명(究明)코자 맥문동(麥門冬) 1호(號)를 공시(供試)하여 재식밀도(栽植密度)는 조간(條間) $20cm{\times}$ 주간(株間) 10cm, $30{\times}10cm$, $30{\times}30cm$의 4수준(水準)으로 하고 주당본수(株當本數)는 2,4,6본(本)으로 4월(月) 10일(日)에 정식(定植)하여 시험(試驗)을 실시(實施)한 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 시험포장(試驗圃場) 토양(土壤)의 이화학적(理化學的) 특성(特性)은 중점토(重點土)로 유기물(有機物), 유효린산(有效隣酸), Ca, Mg는 전국치(全國値)보다 낮은 반면, K, C.E.C.함량(含量)은 높았다. 2. 재식밀도(栽植密度)에 다른 맥문동(麥門冬)의 지토부(地土部) 생육(生育)은 밀치(密値)에 비하여 소치(疎値)할수록, 잎은 크고, 분얼수(分蘖數)도 많았으며, 경엽중(莖葉重)은 무거운 경향(傾向)이었다. 재식밀도별(栽植密度別) 지토부(地土部)의 수양구성요소(收量構成要素) 및 수양성(收量性)은 재식거리(栽植距離) $\30{\times}10$ 재식본수(栽植本數) 6본(本)으로 정식(定植)한 것이 괴근수(塊根數)가 43개(個)로서 많았고, 건근수률도 372kg /10a로 높았다. 4. 각형질간(各形質間)의 상관관계(相關關係)를 보면 분얼수(分蘖數) 뿌리무게, 괴근수간(塊根數間)에 유혜성(有蕙性)이 있었고, 괴근수(傀根數)와 수양간(收量間)에도 고도(高度)의 정(正)의 상관(相關)을 보였다.

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수수의 고휴점파 본수에 따른 생육특성과 수량 변화 (Responses of Growth and Yield by Plants Number in High Ridge Hill Seeding on Sorghum(Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench))

  • 전승호;조영손;정기열
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제59권3호
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    • pp.307-311
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    • 2014
  • 본 연구는 건강 기능성 농산물로 각광을 받고 있으면서 수요와 재배면적이 점차 확대되고 있는 수수의 생산량 증대와 자급률 향상을 위한 체계적인 재배기술을 확립하기 위한 기초자료를 얻고자 고휴점파 본수에 따른 생육 및 수량에 관한 연구를 수행하였다. 1. 파종본수에 따른 초장에서 파종본수가 증가할수록 길어지는 경향이 뚜렷이 나타났으며 엽수에서는 파종본수가 가장 적은 1본 처리구에서 8.0개로 많았으며 엽수가 가장 적게 나타난 5본 처리구와 연차간 각각 1.4, 1.5개의 차이가 나타났다. 경태에서도 파종본수가 증가할수록 얇아지는 경향이 나타났으며 1본 처리구 대비 72.6, 74.3%의 차이가 나타났다. 2. 수확기의 간장은 1, 2년차 모두 파종본수가 증가할수록 길어지는 뚜렷한 경향이 나타났으며 가장 길게 나타난 5본 처리구 183, 188 cm와 가장 짧게 나타난 1본 처리구간 각각 41, 29 cm 차이가 나타났다. 간경에서는 1본 처리구에서 가장 굵은 19.18, 20.13 mm로 나타났으며 파종본수가 증가할수록 얇아지는 경향으로 나타났다. 3. 수량구성요소를 보면 이삭장 및 이삭당 종실수, 천립중 모두 연차간 파종본수가 적을수록 길고 많거나 무거운 것으로 나타났으며 수량에서는 연차간 파종본수가 2본 처리구에서 수량구성요소에서 높은 값을 보인 1본 처리구 보다 111%, 116% 높은 것으로 나타났다.

Improved prediction of Pump Turbine Dynamic Behavior using a Thoma number dependent Hill Chart and Site Measurements

  • Manderla, Maximilian;Kiniger, Karl N.;Koutnik, Jiri
    • International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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    • 제8권2호
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    • pp.63-72
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    • 2015
  • Water hammer phenomena are important issues for the design and the operation of hydro power plants. Especially, if several reversible pump-turbines are coupled hydraulically there may be strong unit interactions. The precise prediction of all relevant transients is challenging. Regarding a recent pump-storage project, dynamic measurements motivate an improved turbine modeling approach making use of a Thoma number dependency. The proposed method is validated for several transient scenarios and turns out to improve correlation between measurement and simulation results significantly. Starting from simple scenarios, this allows better prediction of more complex transients. By applying a fully automated simulation procedure broad operating ranges of the highly nonlinear system can be covered providing a consistent insight into the plant dynamics. This finally allows the optimization of the closing strategy and hence the overall power plant performance.