• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1998.07b
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• pp.483-485
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• 1998

Neural Network has advantages of learning and normalizing capabilities. Fuzzy controller is based on a fuzzy logic that is so effective to represent uncertain phenomena of real world and make its approximation. In this paper, Fuzzy Neural Network controller which equipped with adaptive control algorithm is described. Proposed Fuzzy Neural Network Controller applied to a ball on beam system which have nonlinear characteristics shows a good performance.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2003.11b
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• pp.291-294
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• 2003

In this paper, 2D and 3D inspection algorithm for printed solder on PCB is introduced. The aim of inspection is the detection of error such as rich solder poor solder and missing solder. For Inspection, laser distance sensor is used. For 2D inspection, laser image that is created by normalizing laser data between 0 and 255 are used. Reference Image is made using gerber file. Image processing algorithm is used for 2D inspection. By adding thickness of metal stencil to laser image, volume for solder can be calculated and 3D inspection is carried out.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.86-94
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• 2018

The effect of the NCO index and catalyst type on the thermal stability of poly(urethane-isocyanurate) (PUIR) foams was investigated to identify a method for enhancing the flame resistance of PUIR. PUIR foams were prepared using 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and [(diethylene glycol)adipate]diol, which were synthesized by esterification of adipic acid and diethylene glycol. Dabco K-15, Dabco TMR-30, and Toyocat RX-5 were used as the catalysts for trimerization and gelation. The amount of urea and isocyanurate groups in PUIR was semi-quantitatively determined by normalizing their absorbance with the phenyl absorbance measured by FT-IR. The normalization data showed that Dabco TMR-30 effectively generated isocyanurate groups in PUIR. As a result, Dabco TMR-30 effectively raised the decomposition temperature and increased the 800 K and 900 K residues of the PUIR foam synthesized with an NCO index of 200.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.127-145
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• 1996

A new analytic framework based on a linear algebra approach is proposed for examining the performance of a direct sequence spread spectrum (DS/SS) slotted ALOHA wireless communication network systems with delay capture. The discrete-time Markov chain model has been introduced to account for the effect of randomized time of arrival (TOA) at the central receiver and determine the evolution of the finite population network performance in a single-hop environment. The proposed linear algebra approach applied to the given Markov problem requires only computing the eigenvector ${\prod}$ of the state transition matrix and then normalizing it to have the sum of its entries equal to 1. MATLAB computation results show that systems employing discrete TOA randomization and delay capture significantly improves throughput-delay performance and the employed analysis approach is quite easily and staightforwardly applicable to the current analysis problem.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.87-96
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• 1993

Spectrum analysis of surface electromyogram (FMG) signals is an effective approach to the study of localized muscular fatigue during isometric contraction. Many investigators have con firmed the frequency of the EMG signals being lowered during sustained contaction. In this study, the cyclic loading tasks were performed, and a comparison was made for the median power frequency shift pattern of the EMG signals with the sustained contraction of the same load. The median power frequency shift of the EMG signals for the cyclic loading task was found to be a part of that for the sustained contraction. Based on this result, a new muscle fatigue index was computed by normalizing the duration of the sustained contraction. A fatigue index was obtained as a function of exertion level and the work/rest schedule. With the proposed fatigue index, it is possible to evaluate or predict the degree of muscular fatigue for a physically demanding task.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2007.07a
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• pp.211-212
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• 2007

Pose-variation factors present a significant problem in 2D face recognition. To solve this problem, there are various approaches for a 3D face acquisition system which was able to generate multi-view images. However, this created another pose estimation problem in terms of normalizing the 3D face data. This paper presents a 3D head pose-normalization method using 2D and 3D interaction. The proposed method uses 2D information with the AAM(Active Appearance Model) and 3D information with a 3D normal vector. In order to verify the performance of the proposed method, we designed an experiment using 2.5D face recognition. Experimental results showed that the proposed method is robust against pose variation.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.145-151
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• 2010

In this paper, a robust feature compensation method is proposed for improving the performance of speech recognition. The proposed method is incorporated into the auto-regressive moving average (ARMA) based feature compensation. We employ variable weights for the ARMA filter according to the degree of speech activity, and pass the normalized cepstral sequence through the weighted ARMA filter. Additionally when normalizing the cepstral sequences in training, the cepstral means and variances are estimated from total training utterances. Experimental results show the proposed method significantly improves the speech recognition performance in the noisy and reverberant environments.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.131-142
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• 2001

A wrinkling is the instability phenomenon influenced by material properties, shape geometry, forming conditions, stress state, etc. The wrinkling is considered as a critical defect in appearance of product. Many wrinkling prediction methods using thickness strain distribution and farming analysis have been proposed. The wrinkling, however, is not easily predicted precisely by these methods. In this study, the region in the biaxial plane stress state is modeled with a rectangular plate introducing the effective dimension, and critical stress values for the wrinkling are calculated. Prediction index for the wrinkling is then evaluated by normalizing the actual stress with respect to the critical stress. In order to show the validity and efficiency of the method proposed, the wrinkling prediction for a squared sheet in the uniaxial tensile stress and auto-body front finder panel is performed.

• Proceeding of EDISON Challenge
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• 2016.03a
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• pp.155-162
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• 2016

This study attempts to reveal structures of two-dimensional ring polymer solutions in various polymer concentrations ranging from dilute to concentrated regime. Polymer sizes, single molecule structure factors, bond correlation functions and monomer density distribution functions from center of mass are given in order to clarify the polymer structures. Our study shows that a ring in dilute solution maintain pseudo-circular structure with self-avoiding walk (SAW) statistics, and it seems to be composed of two connecting SAW linear chains. In semidilute solutions, ring polymers are not entangled with each other and adopt collapsed configurations. Such assumption of collapsed structures in the semidilute regime gives an overlap concentration of ${\varphi}^*{\sim}N^{-1/2}$ where N is degree of polymerization. By normalizing the polymer concentration by these overlap concentration, we find universal behaviors of polymer sizes and structure factors regardless of N.

• Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
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• 2006.09a
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• pp.555-556
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• 2006

The study examines hardness pattern of SH737-2Cu-.9C samples transient liquid phase sintered at different temperatures viz. $1120^{\circ}C$, $1180^{\circ}C$ and $1250^{\circ}C$, heat treated by various methods and then tempered at different temperatures. Sintered samples were characterized for density and densification parameter, and austenitized at $900^{\circ}C$, subsequently cooled by four different methods viz. annealing, normalizing, oil and brine quenching. Hardness pattern was found minimum for air cooled and maximum for brine quenched, and samples sintered at $1250^{\circ}C$ had relatively higher hardness. The O.Q and B.Q samples were then tempered at $200^{\circ}C$, $400^{\circ}C$, $600^{\circ}C$ and $700^{\circ}C$. Hardness pattern typically showed secondary hardness taking place, with maximum around $600^{\circ}C$.