• 제목/요약/키워드: normal operator

검색결과 282건 처리시간 0.026초

Coherent Control of Autler-Townes Splitting in Photoelectron Spectroscopy: The Effect of Laser Intensity and Laser Envelope

  • Qin, Chaochao;Zhai, Hongsheng;Zhang, Xianzhou;Liu, Yufang
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • 제35권11호
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    • pp.3294-3298
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    • 2014
  • We theoretically investigated the coherent control of Autler-Townes splitting in photoelectron spectroscopy of K2 molecule within an ultrafast laser pulse by solving the time-dependent Schrodinger equation using a quantum wave packet method. It was theoretically shown that we can manipulate the splitting of photoelectron spectroscopy by altering the laser intensity. Furthermore, it was found that the percentages of each peak in photoelectron spectroscopy can be controlled by changing the envelope of the laser pulse.

Normal Interpolation on AX = Y in CSL-algebra AlgL

  • Jo, Young Soo;Kang, Joo Ho
    • Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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    • 제45권2호
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    • pp.293-299
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    • 2005
  • Let ${\cal{L}}$ be a commutative subspace lattice on a Hilbert space ${\cal{H}}$ and X and Y be operators on ${\cal{H}}$. Let $${\cal{M}}_X=\{{\sum}{\limits_{i=1}^n}E_{i}Xf_{i}:n{\in}{\mathbb{N}},f_{i}{\in}{\cal{H}}\;and\;E_{i}{\in}{\cal{L}}\}$$ and $${\cal{M}}_Y=\{{\sum}{\limits_{i=1}^n}E_{i}Yf_{i}:n{\in}{\mathbb{N}},f_{i}{\in}{\cal{H}}\;and\;E_{i}{\in}{\cal{L}}\}.$$ Then the following are equivalent. (i) There is an operator A in $Alg{\cal{L}}$ such that AX = Y, Ag = 0 for all g in ${\overline{{\cal{M}}_X}}^{\bot},A^*A=AA^*$ and every E in ${\cal{L}}$ reduces A. (ii) ${\sup}\;\{K(E, f)\;:\;n\;{\in}\;{\mathbb{N}},f_i\;{\in}\;{\cal{H}}\;and\;E_i\;{\in}\;{\cal{L}}\}\;<\;\infty,\;{\overline{{\cal{M}}_Y}}\;{\subset}\;{\overline{{\cal{M}}_X}}$and there is an operator T acting on ${\cal{H}}$ such that ${\langle}EX\;f,Tg{\rangle}={\langle}EY\;f,Xg{\rangle}$ and ${\langle}ET\;f,Tg{\rangle}={\langle}EY\;f,Yg{\rangle}$ for all f, g in ${\cal{H}}$ and E in ${\cal{L}}$, where $K(E,\;f)\;=\;{\parallel}{\sum{\array}{n\\i=1}}\;E_{i}Y\;f_{i}{\parallel}/{\parallel}{\sum{\array}{n\\i=1}}\;E_{i}Xf_{i}{\parallel}$.

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A Plastic-Damage Model for Lightweight Concrete and Normal Weight Concrete

  • Koh, C.G.;Teng, M.Q.;Wee, T.H.
    • International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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    • 제2권2호
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    • pp.123-136
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    • 2008
  • A new plastic-damage constitutive model applicable to lightweight concrete (LWC) and normal weight concrete (NWC) is proposed in this paper based on both continuum damage mechanics and plasticity theories. Two damage variables are used to represent tensile and compressive damage independently. The effective stress is computed in the Drucker-Prager multi-surface plasticity framework. The stress is then computed by multiplication of the damaged part and the effective part. The proposed model is coded as a user material subroutine and incorporated in a finite element analysis software. The constitutive integration algorithm is implemented by adopting the operator split involving elastic predictor, plastic corrector and damage corrector. The numerical study shows that the algorithm is efficient and robust in the finite element analysis. Experimental investigation is conducted to verify the proposed model involving both static and dynamic tests. The very good agreement between the numerical results and experimental results demonstrates the capability of the proposed model to capture the behaviors of LWC and NWC structures for static and impact loading.

A Study on the Operator Performance According to the Drastic Change of Illumination Level and Lighting Environment of Control Room in Nuclear Power Plants

  • Shin, Kwang Hyeon;Lee, Yong Hee
    • 대한인간공학회지
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    • 제32권1호
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    • pp.37-45
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    • 2013
  • Objective: This study describes the change of operator performance in drastic change of illumination level, and proposes an alternative method to cope with it. Background: The control standard of illumination for nuclear power plants(NPPs) is based on the set of limit criteria for maintaining a specific illumination level. However, there is a possibility to cause human errors according to the psychological and physiological influences to operators in the situation of drastic change of illumination such as SBO(Station Black Out), so a basic study is necessary to review the current approach. Method: We assessed the visual fatigue, subjective work load and task performance according to the three illumination situations(Normal Illumination, Emergency Illumination, and Drastic Change of Illumination). Result: Research finding shows that there are not significant differences in task performance between normal illumination (1,000lx level) and emergency illumination (100lx level), only if beyond the dark adaptation limit. However, subjective work load on mental demand and visual fatigue show a potential challenge to visual performance in drastic change of illumination. Conclusion/Application: Several trials can complement this challenge in NPPs by applying 3-way communication, enhancing readability of procedures, and managing the visual factors affecting the operators' performance through a Visual Environment Management Program including visual health aspects, etc.

Improved Melody Recognition Performance of a Cochlear Implant Speech Processing Strategy Using Instantaneous Frequency Encoding Based on Teager Energy Operator

  • Choi, Sung-Jin;Ryu, Sang-Baek;Kim, Kyung-Hwan
    • 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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    • 제31권6호
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    • pp.417-426
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    • 2010
  • We present a speech processing strategy incorporating instantaneous frequency (IF) encoding for the enhancement of melody recognition performance of cochlear implants. For the IF extraction from incoming sound, we propose the use of a Teager energy operator (TEO), which is advantageous for its lower computational load. From time-frequency analysis, we verified that the TEO-based method provides proper IF encoding of input sound, which is crucial for melody recognition. Similar benefit could be obtained also from the use of a Hilbert transform (HT), but much higher computational cost was required. The melody recognition performance of the proposed speech processing strategy was compared with those of a conventional strategy using envelope extraction, and the HT-based IF encoding. Hearing tests on normal subjects were performed using acoustic simulation and a musical contour identification task. Insignificant difference in melody recognition performance was observed between the TEO-based and HT-based IF encodings, and both were superior to the conventional strategy. However, the TEO-based strategy was advantageous considering that it was approximately 35% faster than the HT-based strategy.

An Intelligent Human-Machine Interface for Next Generation Nuclear Power Plants

  • Park, Seong-Soo;Park, Jin-Kyun;Hong, Jin-Hyuk;Chang, Soon-Heung;Kim, Han-Gon
    • 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국원자력학회 1995년도 추계학술발표회논문집(1)
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    • pp.191-196
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    • 1995
  • The intelligent human-machine interface (HMI) has been developed to enhance the safety and availability of a nuclear power plant by improving operational reliability The key elements of the HMI are the large display panels which present synopsis of the plant status and the compact, digital work stations for the primary operator control and monitoring functions. The work station consists of four consoles such as a dynamic alarm console (DAC), a system information console (SIC), a computerized operating-procedure console (COC), and a safety related information console (SRIC). The DAC provides clean alarm pictures, in which information overlapping is excluded and alarm impacts are discriminated, for quick situation awareness. The SIC covers a normal operation by offering all necessary plant information and control functions. In addition, it is closely linked with the DAC and the COC to automatically display related system information under the request of these consoles. The COC aids the operator with proper emergency operation guidelines so as to shutdown the plant safely, and it also reduces his physical/mental burden by automating the operating procedures. The SRIC continuously displays safety related information to allow the operator to assess the plant status focusing on plant safety. The proposed HMI has been validated and demonstrated with on-line data obtained from the full-scope simulator for Yonggwang Units 1,2.

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A NOTE ON SPECTRAL CHARACTERIZATIONS OF COSYMPLECTIC FOLIATIONS

  • Park, Jin-Suk;Cho, Kwan-Ho;Sohn, Won-Ho;Lee, Jae-Don
    • 대한수학회논문집
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    • 제9권4호
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    • pp.917-926
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    • 1994
  • Let ($M, G_M, F$) be a (p+q)-dimensional Riemannian manifold with a foliation F of codimension q and a bundle-like metric $g_M$ with respect to F ([9]). Aside from the Laplacian $\bigtriangleup_g$ associated to the metric g, there is another differnetial operator, the Jacobi operator $J_D$, which is a second order elliptic operator acting on sections of the normal bundle. Its spectrum isdiscrete as a consequence of the compactness of M. The study of the spectrum of $\bigtriangleup_g$ acting on functions or forms has attracted a lot of attention. In this point of view, the present authors [7] have studied the spectrum of the Laplacian and the curvature of a compact orientable cosymplectic manifold. On the other hand, S. Nishikawa, Ph. Tondeur and L. Vanhecke [6] studied the spectral geometry for Riemannian foliations. The purpose of the present paper is to study the relation between two spectra and the transversal geometry of cosymplectic foliations. We shall be in $C^\infty$-category. Manifolds are assumed to be connected.

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A Flow Analysis of a Refrigeration Warehouse where an Unusual Death of an Operator Occurred by Deficiency of Oxygen

  • Park, Chan-Seong;Moon, Jung-Eun;Kim, Yoon-Ho;Kim, Jin-Pyo
    • International Journal of Safety
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    • 제5권2호
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    • pp.29-33
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    • 2006
  • A numerical flow analysis of the case of a refrigeration warehouse where an unusual death of an operator occurred by deficiency of oxygen is performed by using STAR-CD program of the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code. The refrigeration room of the warehouse for storing the fruits maintains an atmosphere of 95% nitrogen and 5% oxygen by volume. When the operator was found dead in the refrigeration room, the room was in normal operating conditions except for the fact that the auxiliary door had been left open. For the flow analysis, unsteady 3-dimensional natural convection with mass transfer is considered. The flow analysis result is compared with the oxygen concentration level measured against time during on-site investigation. The change in oxygen concentration level in the warehouse due to the opening of the auxiliary door is found to be negligible.

스텝시켄서를 통한 융복합 영상시스템 연구 (A Study on Convergence Video System through Step Squencer)

  • 오승환
    • 디지털융복합연구
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    • 제17권11호
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    • pp.435-440
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    • 2019
  • 최근 모바일 앱(App)에서는 점차 악기를 전혀 다루지 못하는 일반인을 대상으로 하는 연주 앱들이 다양하게 출시되고 있다. 스텝시켄서를 근간으로 하는 영상시스템을 개발하려는 것은 첫째, 사용자에게 부담 없이 연주하게 하며, 둘째, 다중 참여를 유도하고 셋째, 영상과 융합된 새로운 스텝시켄서를 개발 제시하고자 한다. 또한 다중 스텝시켄서 운용시 파생되는 싱크(Sync) 문제로 인해 파생되는 영상 동기화를 해결하기 위해 틴에이지 엔지니어링의 포켓 오퍼레이터를 사용하여 다중 연결된 스텝시켄서를 구현하였으며, 다중참여를 위해 미라웹을 통한 최종 영상시스템을 개발하였다. 연구 한계점으로는 포켓 오퍼레이터의 소프트웨어화와 다양한 피드백을 통해 연구를 지속, 보완하여 보다 완성된 영상시스템이 개발되기를 기대해 본다.