• Human Ecology Research
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.489-502
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• 2015

This study identifies the relation between recognition relatively deprivation and consumption patterns. The data used were the seventh Korea Welfare Panel Study (KOWEPS). The final sample of 1,597 households was selected based on several sampling steps standard weights suggested by KOWEPS were applied. The final sample was subdivided into household recognizing relatively deprivation (51.7%) and non-household recognizing relatively deprivation (48.3%) per level of subjective income and objective income. We derived six consumption patterns from the cluster analysis as per consumption ratio: transportation dominant consumption pattern, essential consumption pattern, other dominant consumption pattern, care attention consumption pattern, private transfer consumption pattern, and education dominant consumption pattern. The results of this study are as follows. The analysis of the determinants of recognizing relatively deprivation in regards to question one found that the household was likely to be relatively deprived when: the head of a household was older, a household had a dual income, children and more total assets then those assessed 1 year ago compared to household living conditions, result of comparing the consumption patterns difference between household recognizing relatively deprivation and non-household recognizing relatively deprivation indicated that household recognizing relatively deprivation was more likely to belong to the transportation dominant consumption pattern, other dominant consumption pattern, and private transfer consumption pattern. The multinomial logistic analysis conducted to understand the determinants affecting the consumption patterns of household recognizing relatively deprivation indicated differences in demographic characteristics, household-related variables, financial variables and perception of economic conditions.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.51-59
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• 2020

This study aimed to examine whether needs for scaling are associated with health behaviors in a representative sample of middle-aged Korean people. We examined 5120 individuals aged 40 to 64 years who participated in the Seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed with adjustments for demographic variables and health status. This analysis revealed significant associations between needs for scaling and the following: current smoking, no visits to dental clinics, current drinking, non-oral checkups, and non-use of oral care products. As a result of a subgroup analysis, significant factors differed according to gender. As a result of this study, needs for scaling were associated with identified health behaviors and findings about health behaviors that are effective for maintaining and promoting periodontal health in middle-aged people were confirmed.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.182-189
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• 2021

Objectives: This study investigated the relationship between sleep quality during pregnancy and preterm birth. Methods: This longitudinal study was conducted between August 2018 and May 2019. The participants were 150 pregnant women who had been referred to 7 healthcare centers in the city of Qazvin, Iran and met the inclusion criteria. The Petersburg Sleep Quality Index, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and 2 questions about daytime sleep status and a demographic questionnaire were administered at 14-18 weeks and 28-32 weeks of gestation. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test, the Fisher exact test, and univariate and multivariable logistic regression. Results: In the present study, poor sleep quality affected 84.7% of the participants at 14-18 weeks and 93.3% at 28-32 weeks of gestation. The final model for preterm birth prediction incorporated age and the Petersburg Sleep Quality Index score in the second and third trimesters. Preterm birth increased by 14% with each unit increase in age. With each unit increase in the Petersburg Sleep Quality Index score in the second and third trimesters, preterm birth increased by 42% and 28%, respectively, but the p-values of these factors were not significant. Conclusions: Although a significant percentage of pregnant women had poor sleep quality, no significant relationship was found between sleep quality during pregnancy and preterm birth.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.123-136
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• 2019

This paper is a study on the development and consumer preference of the soup stew HMR new products, and the main contents are as follows. A total of nine products were studied, including three developed products and six market products. For this study, the demographic characteristics, the awareness and attitude of HMR products were investigated. In addition, the consumer panel evaluated overall liking, appearance, color, flavor, and taste using the nine-point recertification scale, while the strength assessed viscosity, sweetness, saltiness, sourness, and Umami. Familiarity, health degree, Purchase intention and Recommendation intention were investigated and the reasons for preference and non preference were analyzed by multi-response method. The consumer preference analysis indicates that the product is competitive among existing products and that it would be desirable to improve after identifying the causes of non-preferred factors.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.217-227
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• 2023

With the advent of the metaverse era, understanding individuals who engage in metaverse activities has become an important task for businesses and marketing practitioners. This study aimed to compare the socio-demographic and personality factors of metaverse non-users and users, and to ascertain the impact of these individual characteristics on use of metaverse. Cross-sectional data from 9,686 respondents aged 13 and above that extracted from the 2022 Korean Media Panel Survey were analyzed, revealing significant differences between metaverse non-users and users in terms of gender, age, education level, income level, marital status, employment status, openness to experience, extraversion, and conscientiousness. Gender, age, openness to experience, and neuroticism influenced the possibility of metaverse use. Age, education level, and openness to experience were found to impact the extent of metaverse use. These findings are expected to serve as foundational insights for businesses and marketing practitioners aiming to formulate strategies in utilizing the metaverse.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.17
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• pp.7049-7054
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• 2014

Background: Almost half of the breast cancer patients with positive sentinel lymph nodes have no additional disease in the remaining axillary lymph nodes. This group of patients do not benefit from complete axillary lymph node dissection. This study was designed to assess the clinicopathologic factors that predict non-sentinel lymph node metastasis in Iranian breast cancer patients with positive sentinel lymph nodes. Materials and Methods: The records of patients who underwent sentinel lymph node biopsy, between 2003 and 2012, were reviewed. Patients with at least one positive sentinel lymph node who underwent completion axillary lymph node dissection were enrolled in the present study. Demographic and clinicopathologic characteristics including age, primary tumor size, histological and nuclear grade, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, extracapsular invasion, and number of harvested lymph nodes, were evaluated. Results: The data of 167 patients were analyzed. A total of 92 (55.1%) had non-sentinel lymph node metastasis. Univariate analysis of data revealed that age, primary tumor size, histological grade, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, extracapsular invasion, and the number of positive sentinel lymph nodes to the total number of harvested sentinel lymph nodes ratio, were associated with non-sentinel lymph node metastasis. After logistic regression analysis, age (OR=0.13; 95% CI, 0.02-0.8), primary tumor size (OR=7.7; 95% CI, 1.4-42.2), lymphovascular invasion (OR=19.4; 95% CI, 1.4-268.6), extracapsular invasion (OR=13.3; 95% CI, 2.3-76), and the number of positive sentinel lymph nodes to the total number of harvested sentinel lymph nodes ratio (OR=20.2; 95% CI, 3.4-121.9), were significantly associated with non-sentinel lymph node metastasis. Conclusions: According to this study, age, primary tumor size, lymphovascular invasion, extracapsular invasion, and the ratio of positive sentinel lymph nodes to the total number of harvested sentinel lymph nodes, were found to be independent predictors of non-sentinel lymph node metastasis.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.237-259
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• 2004

The public assistance scheme plays more important role in income maintenance for poor elders than the public pension does due to insufficient coverage of the public pension resulted from late introduction of it in Korea. However, only limited numbers of poor elders are financially protected by the public assistance contrary to the general perception that the elderly population most benefits from public aids. Based on data set of 2000 from the Korean Labor and Income Panel Study, this study analysed the size, composition and characteristics of poor elders excluded from the public assistance, and determinants of the elderly's participation in it. Findings of the study can be summarized as follows: (1) More than half of poor elders are excluded from the public assistance although their economic status is similar with that of recipients, which may cause income reversal between recipients and non-recipients. (2) It was identified that non-recipient poor elders especially those with same income level of recipients of the National Livelihood Guarantees(NLG) are actually in desperate need of public aids considering their serious financial conditions. (3) Participation in public assistance among the elderly is more affected by socio-demographic factors that reflect family conditions than by economic factors, which is mostly caused by the strict eligibility criteria of the public assistance that reinforces family duty of financial support for elderly relatives in Korea. Policy implications for more effective income security for poor elders include revising inappropriate eligibility criteria of the NLG concerning family obligations, expanding the coverage of the old age allowance for poor elders to near-poor elders, and providing work opportunities to non-recipient poor elders to supplement their income deficit.

• 한국노년학
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.393-408
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• 2007

This study examines the impact of retirement on psychological well-being of the elderly and identifies whether associative factors of psychological well-being differ between retired and non-retired persons. Psychological well-being is measured by the PGCMS developed by Lawton. The sample includes 1,625 older adults aged 60 and over, which derived from the cross-sectional data of the "Aging and the Quality of Life of the Elderly in Korea: A Longitudinal Study" living in Seoul and Chuncheon in 2003. Multivariate OLS regression results show that retirement is not associated with psychological well-being after controlling socio-demographic characteristics, economic status, health status, family and social relations, participation in social activities, and satisfaction with hobbies and learning needs. Also, associative factors of psychological well-being differ between retired and non-retired persons. For retired persons, greater social activities and higher satisfaction with hobbies are associated with the higher level of psychological well-being whereas higher satisfaction with learning needs has a positive relationship with the higher level of psychological well-being for non-retired persons. Discussion and implications of the findings are presented, and limitations of this study are acknowledged.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.119-130
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• 2020

The proportion of non-farm income among farm household income is over 40%, with the main source coming from the sixth industry. While it is important to understand consumers' preferences to revitalize the sixth industry, the majority of research is focused on producers. Therefore, this study used an Ordered Logit Model to analyze consumer awareness and satisfaction with the 6th industry. As a result, first, the analysis showed that awareness of the sixth industry was generally low, and that the perceptions of gender and regions were different. Second, there were various ways to learn about the sixth industry through media reports, portal searches, and SNS. Third, factors affecting the recognition of the sixth industry were shown to have statistically significant effects on demographic and sociological variables such as age, marriage type, occupation, residential area, and income. This study is the first to analyze the awareness and satisfaction of the sixth industry from the consumer's point of view focusing on its revitalization.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.356-365
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• 1999

This study was carried out to evaluate high-school students' nutrient intakes according to the status of depressive trends, and to analyse the in physical and mental health status. The volunteers were 560 high school students selected from 8 provinces, but 511 students were analyzed. A was used for evaluation, The questions were composed in consideration of socio-demographic characteristics, physical health condition by CMI, mental condition assessed by a modified Zung's self-rating depression scale (SDS), and the evaluation of food consumption by a 24 hours recall method. The family situations of the subjects were mostly nuclear family(73%), agricultural work(53%), and having religion(53%). Only 3% of the students suffered depression where as 19% showed depression trendencies. The individual factors that affected their mental condition were family farming and consciousness of academic accomplishment. The health status counted with CMI was 6.2/20 scores. The non-depressed trend group of students had a lower score of CMI than others. The overall nutrient intakes of students were low compared with the Korean RDA for adolescents. The Mean Adequacy Ratio(MAR) of nutrient intakes was only $0.45{\pm}0.23$. Iron, vitamin A, and riboflavin intakes were significantly low and correlated with depressive trend score. The result from the regression analysis showed that CMI, study accomplishment, and vitamin A were the most significant factors influencing mental condition. We concluded that Korean rural high-school students were healthy in mental condition and showed lower rates of depression academic. For there more we could say that the intakes of iron and vitamin A also influenced mental health. Findings confirmed the need of becoming hopeful job of farming and better nutritional status. These situations would be necessary for students to ameliorate the quality of rural living.