• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2015.05a
• /
• pp.170-170
• /
• 2015

우리나라는 매년 하절기에 급격한 강우로 인해 홍수의 발생빈도가 급격히 높아지고 있다. 이러한 홍수 발생으로 인한 재산 인명의 피해는 연평균 약 2조억원에 달하고 있다. 이러한 홍수 피해를 방지하기 위해 다양한 연구를 하고 있으며 본 연구에서는 홍수 흐름의 정확한 예측을 통해 홍수 피해 저감을 목표로 하고 있다. 기존의 연구에서는 홍수 흐름 예측을 하는데 있어 부정류 상태로 흐르는 홍수량에 따른 범람의 위치와 범위를 산정하는 것에 중점을 두었다. 그러나 홍수의 흐름은 물에 토사가 섞여 흐르는 혼합체의 흐름이기 때문에 홍수위 모의하는데 있어 물성치도 고려되어야 한다. 이러한 물성치 변화에 따라 홍수 흐름도 영향을 받을 것이라 생각하여 본 연구를 수행하였다. 본 연구에서 Non-Newtonian 특성을 고려하기 위해 Non-Newtonian 흐름과 일반적인 홍수 모의가 가능한 수치모형을 사용하였다. 사전 연구로 일반 사행수로 형태를 구성하고 사행수로에서의 흐름 물질을 달리하여 흐름 모의를 수행하였다. 흐름물질은 크게 물과 토석류로 나뉘고 토석류는 항복응력과 점성 등을 달리하였다. 또한 다양한 유량으로 흐름 모의를 하여 흐름 범람 시의 특징도 비교해 볼 수 있었다. 모의 결과 사행수로에서 흐름의 차이를 볼 수 있었으며 다양한 형태로 결과를 분석해 보았다. 흐름의 속도와 수심을 다양한 흐름 단면으로 비교하였고 범람되는 지역의 범위와 위치도 비교해 볼 수 있었다. 이러한 흐름 특성은 사행수로에서 곡률이 있는 부분에서 확실하게 확인할 수 있었으며, 홍수 흐름을 모의할 때 Non-Newtonian 특성과 같이 흐름에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 다른 특성에 대해도 고려해야 한다는 연구 가능성을 제시할 수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Magnestics Society Conference
• /
• 2008.12a
• /
• pp.216.2-216.2
• /
• 2008

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2008.03b
• /
• pp.385-388
• /
• 2008

The objective of this paper is simulating blood flow through the branched and stenotic tube numerically. SC-Tetra, which is one of the commercial code using FVM method, was utilized for this analysis. The flow is assumed as an incompressible laminar flow with the additional condition of non-Newtonian fluid. As the constitutive equation for the fluid viscosity, the following models were solved with governing equations ; Cross Model, Modified Cross Model, Carreau Model and Carreau-Yasuda Model. Final goal was achieved to get analytic data about shear stress, at specific points, changing the geometry with various factors like the bifurcation angle, diameter of the branches, the ratio of stenosis, and etc. The material property of blood was referred from the related papers. Furthermore, to verify results they were compared with those of the published papers. There were some discrepancies based on the different solver and the different data post-processing method. However, many parameters like the location of low shear stress, which arised from bifurcation or stenosis, and the tendency of various factors were found to be very similar.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
• /
• v.19 no.7
• /
• pp.1770-1779
• /
• 1995

A combined convective heat transfer study for non-Newtonian fluids was experimentally performed in uniformly heated horizontal tubes with laminar flow in the thermal entry region. Velocity profiles were fully developed at the entrance of the heated sections in the tubes. Aqueous solutions of sodium carboxymethylcellulose(CMC ) were used; their behavior showed a reasonably good fit into the power-law model, .tau.=K.gamma.$^{n}$ . The test sections were made of copper with inside diameters of 3.23 cm and 5.042 cm and lengths of approximately 300 cm. Most experimental runs displayed noticeable secondary flows caused by buoyancy ; when present, secondary flows caused significant increase in the rate of heat transfer over the purely forced-convection case. A correlation, which relates the rate of heat transfer for flows with temperature-dependent properties, free convection effects, and non-newtonian effects, was suggested.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
• /
• v.20 no.11
• /
• pp.3686-3694
• /
• 1996

A numerical investigation of natural convection flow along irregular vertical surfaces is reported. A transformation method is applied to the problem of natural convection under the assumption of a large Grashof number. A vertical wavy surface is used as an example to demonstrate the advantages of the transformation method, and to show the heat transfer mechanism near such surfaces. Surface non-uniformities on the boundary layer flow induced by a constant was temperature, semi-infinite surface are investigated. Also the effects of Prandtl number, flow index, and surface amplitude in Non-Newtonian fluids are discussed. When possible, the comparison of the numerical results shows a good agreement. The amplitude is proportional to the amplitude of a wavy surface. The results demonstrate that the local heat flux along a wavy surface is smaller than that of a flat surface. The frequency of the wavy surface is half that of the local heat transfer rate. The amplitude of the local Nusselt number gradually decreases downstream where the natural convection boundary layer grows thick.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.141-148
• /
• 2001

In this research, experimental studies leave been performed on the hydrodynamic interaction between a spherical particle and a plane wall by measuring the force between the particle and wall. To approach the system as a resistance problem, a servo-driving system was set-up by assembling a microstepping motor, a ball screw and a linear motion guide for the particle motion. Glycerin and dilute solution of polyacrylamide in glycerin were used as Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, respectively. The polymer solution behaves like a Boger fluid when the concentration is 1,000 ppm or less. The experimental results were compared with the asymptotic solution of Stokes equation. The result shows that fluid inertia plays all important role in the particle-wall interaction in Newtonian fluid. This implies that the motion of two particles in suspension is not reversible even in Newtonian fluid. In non-Newtonian fluid, normal stress difference and viscoelasticity play important roles as expected. In the dilute solution weak shear thinning and the migration of polymer molecules in the inhomogeneous flow field also affect the physic of the problem.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.18-28
• /
• 2001

The present study investigates flow dynamics between two dimensional compliant plates under sinusoidal flow conditions in order to understand influence of wall motion, impedance phase angle (time delay between pressure and flow waveforms), and non-Newtonian fluid on wall shear stress using computational fluid dynamics. The results showed that wall motion induced additional terms in the streamwise velocity profile and the pressure gradient. These additional terms due to wall motion reduced the amplitude of wall shear stress and also changed the mean wall shear stress. The trend of the changes was very different depending on the impedance phase angle. As the impedance phase angle was changed to more negative values, the mean wall shear stress decreased while the amplitude of wall shear stress increased. As the phase angle was reduced from 0°to -90°under $\pm$4% wall motion, the mean wall shear stress decreased by 12% and the amplitude of wall shear stress increased by 9%. Therefore, for hypertensive patients who have large negative phase angles, the ratio of amplitude and mean of the wall shear stress is raised resulting in a more vulnerable state to atherosclerosis according to the low and oscillatory shear stress theory. We also found that non-Newtonian characteristics of the blood protect atherosclerosis by decreasing the oscillatory shear index.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 1977

Flow properties of heated edible oils, such as soybean, rapeseed, rice bran, corn and perilla oils, were measured with Maron-Belner type capillary viscometer. These oils were heated at $180{\pm}5^{\circ}C$ (general cooking temperature) for $5{\sim}20$ hours except soybean oils ($5{\sim}40$ hours). Fluidities of these heated oils except rice bran oil were decreased according to heating time and decreasing ratio of fluidity was outstanding after 15 hour heating in corn oil and 20 hours heating in soybean and perilla oils. All the oils examined in this experiments except rice bran oil showed non-Newtonian motion after 15 hour hinting at high shear stress and Newtonian motion at less than 10 hour heating. In the soybean oil non-Newtonian flow property was outstanding after 30 hour heating at $180{\pm}5^{\circ}C$. Rice bran oil exhibit characteristic flow property, that is, non heated rice bran oil has lowest fluidity but heated one has highest fluidity compared to other oils examined in this experiment. Change of fluidity with extension of heating time was not detected and non heated rice bran oil showed non-Newtonian motion.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.30-35
• /
• 2009

Numerical Calculations for dimensionless pressure drop (friction factor times Reynolds number) have been obtained for fully developed laminar flow of MPL(Modified Power Law) fluid in isosceles triangle pipes. The solutions are valid for Pseudoplastic fluids over a wide range from Newtonian behavior at low shear rates through transition region to power law behavior at higher shear rates. The analysis identified a dimensionless shear rate parameter which for a given set of operating conditions specifies where in the shear rate range a particular system is operating, i.e., Newtonian, transition or power law region. The numerical calculation data of the dimensionless pressure drop for the Newtonian and power law regions are compared with previously published asymptotic results presenting within 0.16 % in Newtonian region and 2.98 % in power law region.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Mechanical Technology
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.85-91
• /
• 2011

Computational results with pseudoplastic fluid flows for fully developed non-Newtonian laminar flows have been obtained. Those consist of the product of friction factor and Modified Reynolds number and Nusselt numbers with respect to the shear rate parameter in an annular pipe. The numerical results of the product of friction factor and Reynolds numbers and the Nusselt numbers for both Newtonian region and the power law region were compared with previously published asymptotic results, respectively. In the present calculations, the product of friction factor and Newtonian Reynolds numbers for pseudoplastic fluid at power law region in annular pipe is 180% less than that for Newtonian fluid. For power law fluids with different power law flow indices, the difference of the product of friction factor and power law Reynolds number between previous and the present results at the power law region is within 0.20%. The solutions also show the effect of the shear rate parameter on the Nusselt number and about 11% increase of Nusselt number at the power region.