• KSBB Journal
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.572-576
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• 1996

Conditions for the culture of Pleurotus spp. mycelium using rancid frying oils were investigated. Among the six strains tested, Pleurotus ostreatus CBS 03 showed the greatest mycelial growth on fish paste and ramyon frying oil, and was used in this study. The optimum temperature and pH for mycelial growth were from 25 to $30^{\circ}C$ and pH 5.5 to 6.0, respectively. Tryptone for mycelial growth was better than any other nitrogen sources. The addition of $KH_2PO_4 and MgSO_4$ enhanced mycelial growth at 0.2 and 0.01% on fish frying oil, and at 0.1 and 0.03% on ramyon frying oil. Among the vitamins used, thiamine and nicotinic acid were the most effective ones.

• Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
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• 1998.04a
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• pp.31-35
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• 1998

1. INTRODUCTION : Recognition and binding of organic substrates by biological molecules are of vital importance in biophysics and biophysical chemistry. Most studies of the application focused on the development of biosensors, which detected reaction products generated by the binding between enzymes and substrates. Other types of biosensors in which membrane proteins (e.g., nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, auxin receptor ATPase, maltose bining protein, and glutmate receptor) were utilized as a receptor function were also developed. In the previous study[1], the shifts in membrane potential, caused by the injection of substrates into a permeation cell, were measured using immobilized glucose oxidase membranes. It was suggested that the reaction product was not the origin of the potential shifts, but the changes in the charge density in the membrane due to the binding between the enzyme and the substrates generated the potential shifts. In this study, $\gamma$-globulin was immobilized (entrapped) in a poly($\gamma$-amino acid) network, and the shifts in the membrane potential caused by the injection of some amino acids were investigated.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.62-66
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• 1986

Many photosynthetic bacteria capable of hydrogen production were isolated from samples of mud flats of paddy field collected in Kim Hae and Dae Jeo. A strain 230 was selected for the high capability of hydrogen evolution. As the results of examination in physiological, morghological and cultural characteristics, the strain 230 was identified as Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides.

• Biodesign
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.24-27
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• 2019

Pnc1 converts nicotinamide to nicotinic acid to generate NAD⁺ through the Preiss-Handler pathway that is one of the NAD⁺-salvage pathway. By reducing levels of nicotinamide, an inhibitor of the NAD⁺-dependent histone deacetylase Sir2, yeast Pnc1 contributes gene silencing. In this study, to understand the structural features and molecular mechanism of nicotinamidase Pnc1, we overexpressed, purified, and crystallized the N-terminally His₆-tagged Pnc1 protein from Kluyveromyces lactis and obtained X-ray diffraction data at a resolution of 2.2 Å. The crystals of the K. lactis Pnc1 (KlPnc1) belonged to space group P2₁2₁2₁ with unit cell parameters a=38.5, b=77.3, c=83.3, and α=β=γ= 90°. There is one molecule in the asymmetric unit.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.11-18
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• 1990

N-alkyl carboxy pyridinium chlorides such as N-lauryl carboxy-pyridinium chloride, N-myristyl carboxy pyridinium chloride, N-cetyl carboxy pyridinium chloride and N-stearyl carboxy pyridinium chloride were synthesized by the reaction of nicotinic acid and isonicotinic acid with long chain alkyl chlorides, and N-alkyl pyrinium carboxylates such as N-lauryl pyridinium carboxylate, N-myristyl pyridinium carboxylate. N-cetyl pyridinium carboxylate and N-stearyl pyridinium carboxylate were prepared from N-alkyl carboxy pyridinium chlorides. These reaction products could be separated by both column chromatogrphy, and paper chromatography, and there dissociation constants of N-alkyl pyridinium carboxylates were found to pKa $1.0{\times}10^{13}{\sim}6,31{\times}10^{14}$.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.5-15
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• 1973

The stabilizing effect of promazine hydrochloride injectin was tested by irradiation of sun lamp(5,000 Lux) on their acid solution sealed in ampules under various stabilizers. The result of experimentation on the color change, the remaining proportion and the half life of promazine hydrochloride solution is as follows. 1. Instability of promazine hydrochloride solution is mainly caused by the sunlight and oxygen. 2. The pH range of promazine hydrochloride injection is recommended to $pH\;4.4{\sim}5.2$ 3. The decomposition of promazine hydrochloride by the sunlight is composed of pseudo zero order reaction when It maintains colorless solution. 4. The half life of 0.5% promazine hydrochloride injection was 30 hrs. under sun lamp irradiation, but it was delayed to 84 hrs. by the simple stabilizer and to 175 hrs. by compound stabilizer. 5. The stabilizing effect of promazine .hydrochloride injection adding sod. metabisulfite$(Na_2S_2O_5)$ was most excellent in various simple stabilizers and adding $Na_2S_2O_5$ to nicotinic acid, $Na_2S_2O_5$ to nicotinamide were more excellent than other compound stabilizers.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.238-244
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• 2017

Antioxidant activities of blackberry juice and aronia juice were enhanced when fermentation was performed by acetic acid bacteria. Acetobacter pasteurianus exhibited 19.84% improvement of antioxidant activity (from $198.12{\pm}2.03$ to $237.42{\pm}7.32{\mu}mol\;TE/g$) after 12 h fermentation of blackberry juice among four acetic acid bacteria. And A. pasteurianus sub sp. Pasteurianus exhibited 9.62% improvement of antioxidant activity (from $204.25{\pm}3.98$ to $223.89{\pm}5.52{\mu}mol\;TE/g$) after 12 h fermentation of aronia juice. Metabolites of blackberry juice were analyzed to investigate the enhancement of antioxidant activity before and after fermentation. As results, Quercetin 7-(rhamnosylglucoside), nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide, and quercetin 3-O-(6"-acetyl-glucoside) were significantly increased after fermentation by A. pasteurianus.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.481-487
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• 1993

The production of sorbose from sorbitol in resting cell system of Acetobacter suboxydans was studied. The conversion of sorbose from sorbitol was markedly influenced by several factors such as the substrate concentration, reaction time, temperature, pH, metal ions, growth factors and aeration in the resting cells. Sorbose production rapidly increased in the range of 6 mg/ml cells with the concentration of 5% sorbitol. For production of sorbose from sorbitol, optimal temperature and pH were $30^{\circ}C$ and 6.0. The production of sorbose from sorbitol was activated by 1 mM of $Al^{+3}$ while inhibited by $Ni^{+2}$. The conversion of sorbitol to sorbose was stimulated by the adding of 1 mM p-aminobenzoic acid and nicotinic acid, respectively. During incubation of 1.5 ml of reaction mixture in 50 ml of Erlenmeyer flask, 5% sorbitol was completly converted to sorbose after 20 hours.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.414-421
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• 2011

시중에 유통 중인 영양보충용 제품의 수용성 비타민 $B_1$(thiamin), $B_2$(riboflavin), $B_3$(nicotinic acid and nicotine amide), $B_6$(pyridoxine), C(ascorbic acid)의 신속한 동시분석 방법을 확립하기 위하여 본 연구를 실시하였다. 영양보충용 제품은 정제, 연질캅셀, 분말, 액상의 4가지 제형에 대해 27종의 제품을 구입한 후, Ion-pair 분리기법을 사용하여 HPLC-UVD를 이용한 동시분석 방법을 검토하였다. 비타민 $B_1$, $B_2$, $B_3$, $B_6$, C의 HPLC에 의한 동시분석 조건을 검토한 결과, 이동상은 0.02% triethylamine, 17.5% 메탄올, $5{\mu}M$ sodium hexanesulfonic acid가 함유된 pH 3.5(acetic acid로 조절)의 수용액을 사용하였고, 용출시간은 다른 피크의 영향을 받지 않도록 30분으로 하였다. 수용성 비타민의 회수율은 96% 이상이었다. 본 연구에 의해 확립된 수용성 비타민의 동시분석 조건은 검량선의 직선성, 정밀성, 정확성, 기기적합성 등이 USP 및 ICH 기준에 적합하여 HPLC의 동시분석 방법으로 합당하였다. 수용성 비타민의 추출 용매는 제형에 따라 약간의 차이를 보이긴 했으나, 물이나 산성조건을 갖춘 HPLC의 이동상이 에탄올이나 메탄올보다 높은 추출 효율을 보였다. 초음파 추출기에 의한 추출 시간은 20분이 가장 적당하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 수용성 비타민의 신속한 추출 및 분석에 매우 효율적으로 이용될 것으로 기대된다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.147-160
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• 2008

The present study was designed to examine effects of polyphenolic compounds isolated from red wine (PCRW) on the release of catecholamines (CA) from the isolated perfused model of the rat adrenal medulla, and to clarify its mechanism of action. PCRW (20${\sim}$180 ${\mu}$g/mL), given into an adrenal vein for 90 min, caused inhibition of the CA secretory responses evoked by ACh (5.32 mM), high $K^+$ (a direct membrane-depolarizer, 56 mM), DMPP (a selective neuronal nicotinic $N_N$ receptor agonist, 100 ${\mu}$M) and McN-A-343 (a selective muscarinic $M_1$ receptor agonist, 100 ${\mu}$M) in dose- and time-dependent fashion. PCRW itself did not affect basal CA secretion (data not shown). Following the perfusion of PCRW (60 ${\mu}$g/mL), the secretory responses of CA evoked by Bay-K-8644 (a L-type dihydropyridine $Ca^{2+}$ channel activator, 10 ${\mu}$M), cyclopiazonic acid (a cytoplasmic $Ca^{2+}$-ATPase inhibitor, 10 ${\mu}$M) and veratridine (an activator of voltage-dependent $Na^+$ channels, 10 ${\mu}$M) were also markedly blocked, respectively. Interestingly, in the simultaneous presence of PCRW (60 ${\mu}$g/mL) and L-NAME (a selective inhibitor of NO synthase, 30 ${\mu}$M), the inhibitory responses of PCRW on the CA secretion evoked by ACh, high $K^+$, DMPP, McN-A-343, Bay-K-8644 and cyclpiazonic acid were recovered to considerable level of the corresponding control release compared with those effects of PCRW-treatment alone. Practically, the amount of NO released from adrenal medulla after loading of PCRW (180 ${\mu}$g/mL) was significantly increased in comparison to the corresponding basal released level. Collectively, these results obtained here demonstrate that PCRW inhibits the CA secretory responses evoked by stimulation of cholinergic (both muscarinic and nicotinic) receptors as well as by direct membrane-depolarization from the isolated perfused adrenal gland of the normotensive rats. It seems that this inhibitory effect of PCRW is mediated by blocking the influx of both ions through $Na^+$ and $Ca^+{2$} channels into the rat adrenomedullary chromaffin cells as well as by inhibiting the release of $Ca^{2+}$ from the cytoplasmic calcium store, which are due at least partly to the increased NO production through the activation of nitric oxide synthase. Based on these data, it is also thought that PCRW may be beneficial to prevent or alleviate the cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension and angina pectoris.