• 한국디지털정책학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국디지털정책학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.319-353
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to generate a proper regulation improvement direction of the public IT project contract law through the current four contract methods and three methods of the awarding party of a contract method. The research method for this paper is derived from the written materials of the present public IT project contract law. Two problems have been processed in order to produce the results: the current contract methods and the awarding party of a contract method. The current contract methods consist of a competition contract, a private contract, and a supply methodology contract. The methods of the awarding party of a contract display a qualified evaluation regulation, the 2nd step competition bid, a standard cost separation tender, and a contract by a negotiation. The results exhibit that the general competition contract consists of four improvement items. The contract by a negotiation contains five improvement items. The group private contract has one improvement item. And the private contract includes one improvement item. These results implicate that the current public IT project contract law demands better improvement work for the ubiquitous Korea.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.523-532
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• 2018

In order to actively apply horticultural therapy to vocational education base schools, this study applied the learning theories based on behaviorism, cognitivism, and constructivism to improve the vocational skills of high school students with intellectual disabilities. The horticultural therapy program was carried out in total 12 sessions with three groups composed of 20 students each: 20 in the control group, 20 in the experimental group with a normal horticultural program, and 20 in the experimental group with a horticultural therapy program which applied the learning theories based on behaviorism, cognitivism, and constructivism. The results were analyzed with SPSS 12.0 using the Interpersonal Negotiation Strategies evaluation tool. The study found that in terms of interpersonal relationship, there was no significant difference between the pre and post tests within each group. However, in the post tests among the three groups, there was no significant difference between control group and experimental group with normal horticultural program (p=.82), but there was a significant difference between the control group and experimental group with the horticultural therapy program applying the learning theories based on behaviorism, cognitivism (p=.03). This proved that the horticultural therapy program applying the learning theories based on behaviorism, cognitivism is effective for improving interpersonal relationship. Ultimately the program is expected to be continuously, and systematically improved and applied as a learning method contributing to developing the basic vocational skills of persons with intellectual disabilities.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.105-117
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• 2010

최근 다양한 분야에서 클라우드 컴퓨팅의 사용이 증가하고클라우드 컴퓨팅의 이상적 가치 실현을 위한 클라우드 공급자간의 동적협력은 필수적인 요소가 되고 있다. 이전의 연구를 통해서 다른 클라우드 공급자 간의 동적 협력 플랫폼으로 경매결합 방식 기반의 클라우드 마켓 모델 "CACM"을 제안한 바 있다. CACM모델은 경매에 참여하기 전에 미리 최적화된 클라우드 공급자들간 그룹을 형성하여 동적 협력을 제공할 수 있도록 하고 있으며, 이에 따라 공급자 간 협상시 발생할 수 있는 문제들을 최소화 하고자 하였다. 그러나 어떻게 최적의 입찰 가격 결정 그룹을 결정할 것인지, 어떻게 안정적인 그룹의 조건을 구할 것인지, 또한 입찰 가능 가격 및 이익을 그룹 구성원 간에 분배할 것인지에 대한 연구는 CACM 모델에서 구체적으로 연구되지 못했다. 본 논문에서는, CACM 모델을 N-person 협력 게임 이론에 대입하여 CACM모델에 추가적으로 위에서 제시한 문제들을 공식화하여 제안하고자 한다. 그룹의 안정성은 그룹의 각 구성원에게 코어와 할당량에 대한 개념을 대입해 게임이론에서의 샤플리 값을 사용하여 분석한다. 여러 계산 결과값을 통해 제안하는 기법의 특성평가를 도출한다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2015년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.436-438
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 사물인터넷 게이트웨이 간의 직접통신 서비스를 제공하기 위해서 와이파이 다이렉트의 P2P Standard Group Formation(P2P-SGF)을 구현한다. 일반적으로 AP(Access Point)를 통해 사물인터넷 게이트웨이 간에 여러 센서들로부터 수집된 데이터와 더불어 대용량 데이터를 전송할 경우 네트워크 트래픽 혼잡 문제와 속도저하 문제가 발생한다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해서 AP를 거치지 않고 사물인터넷 게이트웨이 간에 직접통신으로 대용량 데이터를 효율적으로 전송할 수 있는 와이파이 다이렉트 구현이 필요하다. 논문에서 구현한 P2P-SGF는 기본적으로 Discovery, GO(Group Owner) Negotiation, WPS(WiFi Protected Setup) Provisioning, Address Configuration을 수행하며, 특히 대용량 데이터를 공유하기 위해 DLNA(Digital Living Network Alliance) 서비스 기능을 지원한다. 구현한 P2P-SGF를 통해 대용량의 동영상이 성공적으로 공유되는 것을 실험실 테스트로 확인하였다.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.27-52
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• 2003

The object of this paper is to review the fisheries subsidies of the major FFG(Fish Friends Group) which argue the elimination and the phasing-out, to compare with Korea's subsidies category and provide the basic information for planning of fisheries subsidies policy and the negotiation strategy in the future. The result from the comparative analysis of the subsidies between the major FFG showed that WWF(World Wildlife Fund) fisheries subsidies categories, with the exception of Marketing and Price Support Program which is similar to Korea in terms of the supporting type and methods, differ from those of Korea. Also, The unique type of WWF Fisheries Subsidies, which is beyond Korea's subsidies, are Direct Payment for Fishermen and Fishery Wokers, Capital ＆ Infrastructure Support, Fishery Management and Protection, etc. In case of capital support and fisheries fuel, the payment method or other institutional backgrounds is somewhat different from each nation. On the base of this analysis, this paper is suggesting the direction of the Korea's Fisheries subsidies policy as follows ; First, developing new policy methods and supporting ways such as Direct Payment for Fisherman is needed. Second, Converting fisheries subsidies category expected to be classified to Red Amber into another type of non-negative subsidies should be carried out, demonstrating that these kinds of subsidies give no negative effect to the environment and the trade, Third, Reviewing the categorize system of Korea's subsidies and revising it according to international trends is necessary as well. In respect to WTO/DDA, the watchful analysis of Korea's fisheries program must be preceding in ahead of making the negotiation strategy. And Korea firstly need to stress the fact that, while the major FFG can directly pay for fisheries section, other nations have no choice but supporting in preferential tax or loan manner. Using this kind of strategy, it is may enlarge the negotiating power in the WTO/DDA to reflect fully Korea's position.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제11권7호
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• pp.519-527
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• 2011

e-Learning 콘텐츠는 텍스트, 이미지, 애니메이션, 오디오, 비디오 등의 멀티미디어 데이터로 구성되며, 일정 기간 동안 복잡한 절차를 거쳐 개발된다. 이에 따라 e-Learning 콘텐츠 개발은 참여자 그룹의 개별작업과 함께 문제 상황에 직 간접적으로 연관된 이해관계자간의 개방적 의사소통을 통한 협력작업이 함께 이루어져야 한다. 이에 본 연구는 사회적 협상 관점에서 e-Learning 콘텐츠 개발과정을 분석하고, e-Learning 콘텐츠 개발에 참여하는 이해관계자간의 최선의 합의를 통한 최적의 콘텐츠 개발을 위한 시사점을 제공하기 위한 사례연구이다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 사례관리 담당 공무원을 위한 프로그램 개발과정에 대해 참여적 관찰자의 관점에서 질적 사례연구를 수행하였으며, 개발된 콘텐츠의 평가를 위해서는 질적, 양적연구를 병행하여 수행하였다. 프로그램 개발 사례연구 결과를 통한 사회적 협상 관점의 e-Learning 콘텐츠 개발에 대한 시사점은 다음과 같다. 첫째, e-Learning 콘텐츠 개발을 위해서는 교육프로그램의 명확한 중심 목적을 설정해야 한다. 둘째, 학습대상자의 범위를 명확히 설정해야 한다. 셋째, 핵심 참여자들 간의 개발과정 및 결과물에 대한 공유를 통한 심도 깊은 이해가 필요하다. 넷째, 합리적 개발 기간 및 예산 설정이 필요하다. 다섯째, 다양한 참여 그룹간의 상충되는 이해관계 속에서 최선의 합의를 이끌어낼 수 있는 강력한 리더가 필요하다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제6권12호
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• pp.3352-3365
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• 2012

Group key agreement (GKA) is a cryptographic primitive allowing two or more users to negotiate a shared session key over public networks. Wu et al. recently introduced the concept of asymmetric GKA that allows a group of users to negotiate a common public key, while each user only needs to hold his/her respective private key. However, Wu et al.'s protocol can not resist active attacks, such as fabrication. To solve this problem, Zhang et al. proposed an authenticated asymmetric GKA protocol, where each user is authenticated during the negotiation process, so it can resist active attacks. Whereas, Zhang et al.'s protocol needs a partially trusted certificate authority to issue certificates, which brings a heavy certificate management burden. To eliminate such cost, Zhang et al. constructed another protocol in identity-based setting. Unfortunately, it suffers from the so-called key escrow problem. In this paper, we propose the certificateless authenticated asymmetric group key agreement protocol which does not have certificate management burden and key escrow problem. Besides, our protocol achieves known-key security, unknown key-share security, key-compromise impersonation security, and key control security. Our simulation based on the pairing-based cryptography (PBC) library shows that this protocol is efficient and practical.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.146-161
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• 1995

This study is an effort to bring our attention to social dependence on alcohol, focusing on previous studies of drinking behaviors. Although drinking behavior and problems must be understood in a biopsychosocial framework, a certain aspect is often ignored in alcohol research. A few attention has been paid to social aspect of alcohol abuse or dependence. Social processes of drinking behavior deserve to have same attention as other aspects, psychological and physical aspects of the behavior. Literature show that the interdependence among group members exists to regulate individual's drinking behavior. Such social interactions tend to control drinking level for individual in terms of amounts, frequency, and preference. The drinking level tends to be dependent on desires for heavy drinkers, ignoring variabilities of individual's sensitivity to alcohol. However, such a heavy-oriented tendency in drinking behavior may have different patterns which are function of normative orientation of alcohol. negotiation among group members, and ethnoreligious characteristics. Perspectives from conflict tradition and symbolic interactionism are welcomed to illuminate multi-dimentional aspects of social dependence. Policy implication were discussed from public health perspective.

• 복식
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.27-42
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• 2001

The objectives of this study are to give a definition and to find out the background and the pursuits of Saenghwal Hanbok. Conclusions are described as follows : 1. Saenghwal Hanbok and Gaeryang Hanbok are used together at the same tome, but they are different the background and the pursuits. Gaeryang Hanbok was pursued practical aspects - activities, simplification, sanitation, courtesy, economy, and diversity. And then Saenghwal Hanbok was added the pursuits of Minjung's image, traditional image, modern esthetic. 2. The background of Saenghwal Hanbok is divided into two group. One is the Minjung Hanbok in University, and the other is the recreated Hanbok in mass fashion. The former was effected to youth culture, political quarrel of culture movement, anti-government group. The Latter was a tendency toward reviving the tradition. 3. The characters of Saenghwal Hanbok were a national tradition, a resistance. the image of poor Minjung, a revival of the tradition, and a diversity and negotiation of post-modernism.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.133-152
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• 2013

Recently, the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) has made progress toward resolving low value, high volume disputes in international e-commerce. At the Working Group's 26th session, two draft procedural rules were addressed. The first discussed the draft of Article 9, entitled "Decision by a neutral party." This is based on the suggestion in 26th session to have a "two track" system of ODR, one including negotiation, facilitated settlement, and arbitration phrases, and the other not including an arbitration phase. The second draft procedural rule, draft Article 10, regards the language of proceedings. In most cases of international e-commerce, the decision of language of an ODR proceeding is a matter of importance, for the language parties could differ from each other. This paper examines several implications of UNCITRAL for Korea, which has unstable ODR system.