• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.64-69
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• 1999

Background : Syncope was defined as transient loss of consciousness and postural tone. The mechanisms of changes in cerebral hemodynamics during syncope have not been fully evaluated. Transcranial Doppler Ultrasonography can continuously monitor the changes in cerebral hemodynamics during head-up tilt (HUT). TCD could reveal the different patterns of changes in cerebral hemodynamics during syncope. Syncope without hypotension or bradycardia could be detected by TCD. We investigated the changes in cerebral blood flow velocity during HUT using TCD in 33 patients with a history of recurrent syncope or presyncope of unknown origin. Methods & Results : The positive responses were defined as presyncope or syncope with hypotension, bradycardia, or both. During HUT without isoproterenol infusion, there were a $86{\pm}23%$ drop in DV and a $41{\pm}34%$ drop in SV in 5 patients with positive reponses, and mean changes in those were less than 10% in patients with negative reponses (p=.00, p=.00). During HUT with isoproterenol infusion, TCD showed a $80{\pm}18%$ drop in diastolic velocity in 14 patients with positive reponses, and a $47{\pm}10%$ drop in that in patients with negative reponses (p=.00), however the change in systolic velocity did not differ. TCD showed three patterns during positive responses; loss of all flow, loss of end diastolic flow, and a decrease in diastolic velocity. Loss of consciousness occurred in the patients with loss of all flow or end-diastolic flow during positive reponses. Conclusions : TCD shows different patterns of changes in cerebral hemodynamics during HUT. TCD can be used to investigate the pathophysiology of neurocardiogenic syncope.

• 아동학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.123-137
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• 2005

The present study examined the effectiveness and communications functions of mothers' touch on the responses of their 6-month-old infants using the Still-Face (SF) situation. Participants were 67 infant-mother dyads from Seoul and Gyeonggi province. Positive and negative responses of infants were measured by SF interactions and by three different touch conditions. Touch types were measured by a coding scheme based on Suchung Kim and Keumjoo Kwak (2003; 2(04). Results showed that mothers' touch affected baby's responses by increasing positive responses and decreasing negative responses. The positive and negative responses of infants differed by the three different touch conditions, indicating that mothers use different touch types according to touch conditions; these variations in touch function as an important channel of communications.

• 아동학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.201-216
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• 2005

The social behaviors of 177(84 girls, 93 boys) 5-6 year olds were rated by the SCBE teacher questionnaire. Mothers reported on their reactions to children's negative emotions and on children's emotionality by questionnaires. Results showed that girls' emotionality was related to maternal punitive responses and their withdrawn behaviors. Maternal emotion-focused reponses were associated with boys' social behaviors. Maternal distress reactions were correlated with girls' prosocial behaviors; maternal punitive responses were related to girls' prosocial and withdrawn behaviors. Maternal emotion-focused responses were associated with girls' aggressive behaviors. Partial correlation analysis indicated girls' emotionality was not related to their withdrawn behaviors when maternal punitive responses were taken into account.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.27-48
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• 1990

The purpose of this study was to investigate the middle-class housewives` experience of housing environment through their own cognitive expressions. Subjects were 18 housewives living in the apartments at Junggye-Dong, Seoul and Field survey method was used. Indepth interview technique with planned questionnaire was used. The contents of individual`s housing life history were recorded by means of a recording machine. Cognitive expressions of subjects ontheir experience of housing environment were analiyzed by Content Analysis. Subjects have respectively experienced various housing types. The housing experiences were classified by stimuli and respones. Stimuli were again classified by the factors and characteristics of housing environment, whereas responses were classified by types and directions. Negative experiences were more frequent than positive ones. Negative evaluations were appeared more frequently In such case as the existence of community facilities, interior structure, bathrooms, and heating systems. The positive emotional experiences appeared more frequently were the natural characteristic$ of outdoors. When all the contents were analyzed by housing types experienced, subjects negatively remembered community facilities in high-rise apartments, and positively outdoors in detached single houses including traditional houses, and negatively heating systems in low-rise apartments and tenement houses. These contents, especially positive and negative aspects of past experience. can be used as basic data to understand residents` reponses and to plan furture houses more desirable for them.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.591-598
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• 2010

Customer misbehavior can affect dissatisfaction and negative behavioral responses of other customers at the service encounter. This study explored other customer and retail employee reponses to customer anger and aggressive behaviors at the service encounter by examining the perceived wrongness of such behaviors under different situations and comparing the two perspectives of retail employees and consumers. Three scenarios were developed representing different situations including firm's responsibility, both of customer and employee responsibilities, and uncontrollable one. Data were collected from individual interviews with 222 retail employees and 149 consumers. The results showed that the consumers' perceived wrongness of customer aggressions were higher comparing to that of employees. The reasons of perceived wrongness were different by three situations implying that responsibility and controllability affected the perceived wrongness. The study further discusses implications.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.101-114
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• 2003

This study focused on how to activate the fisheries high school and develop fisheries. This data was collected from 108 vocational high school teachers and 94 middle school teachers. The treatment of materials is classified by gender, level of academic career and teaching career. This research evaluated percentage to the frequency of reponses to each question and carried out ${\chi}^2$-test and t-test, for the benefit of reliability. This statistically significant level which was conducted by using SPSS10.0 in accounted for p<.05. The conclusions of this study were as follows: The middle school teachers and vocational high school teachers showed positive response when general contents were included in question items, the other hand showed negative response when definite and special contents were included in question items. The vocational high school teachers showed lower answer score in the fisheries consciousness then middle school teachers in spite of vocational educational function. Different degrees of fisheries consciousness of two groups were resulted from research areas.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.533-541
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• 2013

The purpose of this article was to study the influence of tangible clues of raw-fish restaurants on consumers' emotional responses and repurchasing behavior in eastern area of Kangwon-province. In this study frequency analysis, reliability analysis, factor analysis and path analysis(SEM) were applied to analyze the data. Through path analysis tangible clues' performances had generally significant influences upon consumers' emotional responses to buy products of raw-fish restaurants. According to the results, exterior facility had positive influence on pleasure(p<0.001) and arousal(p<0.01). Interior facility had positive influence on pleasure(p<0.001) and arousal(p<0.001), but negative on dominance(p<0.01). And the others had positive influence on pleasure(p<0.05). Press copy had positive influence on pleasure(p<0.001) and arousal(p<0.001). And Pleasure and arousal had positive influence on repurchasing behavior(p<0.001). But Dominance didn't have significant influence on repurchasing behavior. As a result, we studied that the tangible clues was an effective marketing tactic to maintain and increase consumers' positive emotional reponses to repurchase at restaurants. Therefore it is finally needed that dining-out corporations manage tangible clues in a customer-maintaining without additional costs, and especially to use mixing tangible clues each other in some suitable condition.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제14권12호
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• pp.1058-1068
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• 2014

본 연구의 목적은 학교폭력 해소를 위한 체육수업의 역할을 중학생의 인식을 중심으로 이해하는데 있다. 이를 위해 단순무작위표집법을 활용하여 D광역시에 위치한 중학생 590명을 개방형 질문 대상으로 선정하고 자료를 수집하였으며, 수집된 자료는 귀납적 범주분석을 통해 분석되었다. 그 결과, 중학생들은 체육수업이 학교폭력을 감소시키는 데 긍정적인 역할을 한다는 인식과 아무런 효과가 없다는 부정적인 인식의 형태로 분석되었다. 우선, 긍정적인 역할을 한다는 인식은 총 8개의 중범주와 4개의 대범주로 분석되었는데, 그것은 '사회적 요인', '심리적 요인', '신체적 요인', 그리고 '환경적 요인'이었다. 다음으로 체육수업이 학교폭력을 감소시키는데 관련이 없다는 인식은 총 7개의 중범주와 4개의 대범주로 분석되었는데, 그것은 '경험적 요인', '구조적 요인', '인지적 요인', 그리고 환경적 요인이었다.

• 한국언론정보학보
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• 제43권
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• pp.282-313
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• 2008

본 연구는 현재 논의되고 있는 중간광고에 관해 고찰하였다. 지상파 TV의 중간광고 재도입 논쟁과 관련된 문제의 핵심을 시청자들에 맞추어 시청자들의 입장에서 중간광고에 관한 반응을 살펴보고자 하였다. 이러한 중간광고에 대한 반응을 좀 더 구체적으로 살펴보기 위하여 프로그램의 유형에 따른 반응의 차이를 고찰하였다. 분석결과, 전체적으로 중간광고를 집행하는 경우 프로그램 전, 후 광고만을 집행하는 경우보다 시청자 반응, 방송사에 대한 태도, 그리고 중간광고를 집행하는 광고주에 대한 태도가 부정적으로 나타났다. 또한 본 연구에서는 중간광고의 도입에서 제외되어야 한다고 제안된 뉴스와 교양 프로그램을 포함하여 드라마와 오락 프로그램에 중간광고를 도입하여 그 반응을 살펴보았다. 분석결과, 이들 프로그램의 유형에 따른 반응 차이는 나타나지 않았고, 중간광고를 실시하는 경우 실시하지 않는 경우보다 프로그램에 대한 반응이 전체적으로 모두 낮게 나타났다.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.243-262
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• 1999

Today, obesity is not recognized as a disease itself but is known to be the indirect cause of much chronic illness. Obesity has an impact on psychological disorders including severe inferiority, damage of body self-image, low self-esteem, personality disorders. The results in an increase of the mortality rate. Therefore, this study attempts to discover and evaluate stressful experience in obese teenagers. For this study, 21 girl students and 19 boy students in Pusan middle or high school located were selected. The data were collected from March to May at 1999. A tape-recorder was used under the permission of the subjects to prevent the loss of spoken information and communication. This study consisted of 563 reponses from girls and 461 responses from boys which were then classified with descriptive expressions and priority classifications. The results generated 72 common elements in girls and 54 common elements in boys. From these elements 24 syntheses of hypothetical definitions and 8 identifications of the structural definitions in both girls and boys were developed. The structural and hypothetical definitions were as follows: The analysis of the data was made through a phenomenological analytic method suggested by Van kamm, which is as follows: 1. Maladjustment to school life; lack of understanding of the teacher, insufficient exercise ability, and a feeling of burden in attending the school obesity program. 2. Conflict in family relationships; lack of understanding from the family, a feeling of alienation. 3. Conflict in friend relationships; lack of understanding among friends, constant comparisons in appearance and body with friends (in girls) and estrangement from friends (in boys). 4. Conflict in acquaintance of the opposite sex; hoping to meet the opposite sex, lack of understanding of boy friends (in girls), feelings of pain, feelings of anxiety (in girls) feelings of burden (in girls) feelings of envy (in boys). 5. Negative body image: shape of body; feelings of pain; feelings of powerlessness; feelings of discomfort, and reception; emotional disorders (in boys), and change of personality (in boys). 6. Health disorder: Physical and psychological discomfort. 7. Feelings of burden in weight control; negative experiences in weight control, interference with family and friends, the difficulty in diet therapy, feelings of burden in exercise (in girls), to be teased by the public through mass media (in boys).