• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.655-659
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to investigate the somatotype variation & satisfaction with the fit of ready-to-wear for American women. For this study, questionnaires were administered to 192 American women in Louisiana State areas. Employing a sample of 127 data were analyzed by using F-test. The results were as follows: In the satisfaction with the somatotype variation of American women, height items were increased and width items were decreased with aging. At neck, bust, waist, hip and sleeve circumferences, in the satisfaction with the fit of ready-to-wear, were decreased with aging, Correlation for somatotype variation & satisfaction with the fit of ready-to-wear was significantly positive. With aging, the satisfaction with the somatotype & fit of American women's ready-to-wear for sizing system was generally decreased.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.465-476
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• 2017

This study attempted to investigate the effects of gold therapy on myofascial pain syndrome(MPS) in the neck, back and shoulder in comparison to stone therapy and verify its availability as an efficient nursing mediator in clinical trials. For this, therapy was given to a total of 20 women in two groups (gold therapy group, stone therapy group: 10 persons each) living in the capital region three times a week (40 min. at a time) for two weeks. In both groups, a statistically significant decrease was found in the following after the treatment: neck circumference, shoulder width, width of the inferior angle of scapula, shoulder thickness and waist circumference (p<0.001). In terms of differences, the gold therapy group was greater than the stone therapy group. In both groups, a statistically significant increase was observed after treatment in the following: cervical lateral bending (right), cervical lateral bending (left), cervical flexion and cervical extension angle (p<0.001). In terms of differences, the gold therapy group was greater than the stone therapy group. In conclusion, this study seems to show that gold therapy is a nursing intervention option having effective fascial relaxation and pain relief for the neck, back and shoulder. Therefore, it would be valuable as safe, non-invasive therapy.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.22-32
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• 2004

The purpose of this research is to know the pattern of Hanbok Jegory with measuring Jegory and studying manufacturing method of the Jegory used currently. It is a purpose to find constitutional problem caused by the character of the bending somatotype and, to study the standard model of the Jegory for bending somatotyped women in old age, by comparison of this fitness for bending-somatotyped women in old age. The results obtained are as follows; 1. The kinds of measurements considered in manufacturing process are Hwajang Length, Bust girth, and the skirt length. The length of Jegory and width of Neck are also considered. 2. Manufacturers consider somatotype the most important thing when they make Jegory for women in old age. Front length, Back length and Width of the Jegory are considered secondly important. 3. The results of the comparison show that the Standard Hanbok drafting method is not suitable for drafting Jegory for bending somatotyped women in old age. 4. The suitability test for the model designed by the above methods shows that it fits in bending somatotyped women in old age better than standard drafting method. The results show the superiority of the above methods especially in the breast width, the Godae length, and the adaptedness to the body.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.87-96
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• 2001

This study, dealing with obese bodily figures from the viewpoint of garment shape, was conducted with obese male children of late school ages(nine to eleven years old) to provide data for making ready-made clothing for obese children by directly measuring and analysing the bodily figure of the upper body of them. The results of the study are summarized as follows. 1. According to the basic statistics, for most of obese children the values of the measuring items by ages appeared to be large, and the results of comparison with the National Anthropometric Survey of Korea made in 1997 showed that the values were more large than those of standard physical conditions. 2. It was shown that in the correlation between items the upper breast circumference had a high correlation with all items, and the weight did with the following items such as circumference, height, width and thickness. 3. The results of the principal component analysis showed that six main components hand an explainable power of more than 75.60% for all materials. The first factor was thickness and obesity of the upper body, the second one the height, the third one the length of front and rear sides, the fourth one the width of neck, the fifth one the length of shoulder, and the sixth one the breast width and the wrist circumference.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.56 no.4 s.103
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• pp.48-64
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• 2006

The purpose of the study was to demonstrate how to recreate spencer jacket in the empire style in an attempt to apply this historic style to theatrical costumes and other high fashion items in modern times. The study was carried out through 2 steps. (1)Block patterns of spencer jacket of its basic design were developed through draping based on the design characteristics mentioned above. (2)Spencer jackets of three designs, which were the typical designs of each category have been made of velvet to find out more specific structural characteristics. The structural characteristics of Spencer jacket in draping were as follows: (1)Jacket length position was suitable 9cm below body's bust line and neckline should be enlarged front & side neck point 2cm, back neck point 1.5cm. (2)Cut out the front bodice after CF line moved 1cm outwards and bust dart amount should not exceed 2-3cm. Shoulder point moved inwards. (3)Side back grain line was parallel to princess line of the back bodice. Add 0.5cm ease to the under arm of the front and side bark bodice, it was good for the activity of arm. (4)Armhole line was trued as maintaining to across back width 14-15cm at least. Shoulder line was to connect from the point 2cm depart shoulder point along armhole line to point 2cm side neck point along neck line. (5)Sleeve length was suitable 70cm, cut out the bias direction to move forwards the grain line from shoulder point. Puff position was good from the 2cm depart shoulder point to shoulder line.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.245-254
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to develop uniform pattern of obese junior-high school girls by using the virtual twin and 3D virtual garment simulation system. The results were as follows; first, by using 3D virtual garment simulation, new uniform pattern considered obese junior-high school girls was development. The basic numerical formula were as follows; bust girth=B/2+2.5, armhole depth=B/4, front waist girth=W/4+1.8, back waist girth=W/4+1, front hip girth=H/4+1, back hip girth=H/4+1, chest width=chest width+1.5, back width=back width+1 and back neck width 8cm. Second, according to the results of the new uniform pattern's appearance evaluation, it estimated more highly than existing pattern in silhouette and ease amount, confirming that new uniform pattern is appropriate for the obese junior-high school girls. Also, new uniform pattern was evaluated to allow proper space length of bust, waist, abdomen and hip. Virtual models production through 3D body scan data, pattern draft and virtual garment digital program were applied to prototypic design method so as to enhance the fitness of ready-made garments. This study is expected to serve as one of important basic data for ensuing studies that may utilize 3D virtual garment simulation system with 2D patterns, and also for future 3D pattern production program development.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.113-127
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• 1996

In this study, the pattern was copied by the method of Tight Fitting Techinque, which resulted from the changed body by the upper limb motion-front-vertical motion(or vertical motion in front), side-vertical motion, and horizontal motion. And, this study analyzed the change of the pattern and the observed items dimension changed to the pattern. The results are as follows: 1. In the observation of the degree of the pattern change according to the motion of upper limb, the result provides that the motion change in the range of $135^{\circ}$ to $180^{\circ}$ is the largest in front-vertical motion, $45^{circ}~90^{\circ}$ in side-vertical motion, and $0^{circ}~45^{\circ}$ in horizontal motion respectively. 2. The probability test result of the items of the motion is more related with the horizontal width item rather than the vertical length item in the front and back pattern where the back pattern has more effect than the front pattern. And the upper limb-surrounding items are more related than any otheer item. 3. The change of the pattern according to the motion shows the decrese of the neck width and the shoulder legth, the rising of the point of shoulder (or shoulder point) and armpit point, the decrease of the pattern width and the increase of the pattern length. As the angle of the motion grows vertically motion. The change of the shoulder length in the horizontal motion is smaller than that vertical. But as the angle of the motion grows horizontally, it has a tendency of decreas in th width of the front patten and the length of the pattern, whereas the width of the back pattern is noticeably increases.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.37 no.7
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• pp.17-27
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• 1999

According to the design method for constructing the Korean Men's Jo-go-ri(the traditional Korean jacket)collar, there are differences in form after its completion. In the construction design of the midsection of the gusset as in that of the basic pattern Jo-go-ri, not only was the positioning of the two sides of the collar not smooth, but also, when the collar strip(Dongjung) was attached, there would be an imbalance on one side or the other so that it was difficult to achieve symmetry. Therefore in this project, by applying the pattern design of the gusset midsection to that of the collar midsection, not only did attaching the collar(Kit) and the collar strip create a visual effect by equalizing the lengths of the two sides, but the construction was also easy. This method of construction introduces the three-dimensional aspect of the human form in its conic, spherical and cylindrical aspects, so that, through schematizing the scientific character of Korea's clothing, its appropriateness is verified. As a matter of fact, since there is no standardization of pattern whether for educational use or for mass-produced clothing, so that even the patterns used in computer-assisted design are executed according to the designer's personal skill, the reality is that after completion of construction the quality has not been uniform. For this schematization, inverse calculation of measurements pertaining to the calculation formula and of teaching materials has been referenced. In particular, the partial regulation of the calculation formula pertaining to the basic pattern construction, the method of making the collar midsection, and the construction method of the extreme and mean ratio adjustment, can be adjusted for all measurements, thereby providing the establishment of a design criterion and the possibility of the standardization of construction methods. The production method for the basic pattern design is as follows: 1) The conic angle for the Jo-go-ri's girth, length end neck width is fixed at 70(72) degree. 2) The radius of the cone is sleeve length. 3) The bust girth calculation formula is B/4 + 2.5 cm. 4) The armhole formula is B/4 + 2.5cm. 5) The neck width formula is B/10. 6) The ratio of the collar junction{width of collar(Kit) + width of collar strip(Dongjung) to the gusset length is 5:8. 7) The length of the side seam is a length intersecting the armhole line and the conic radius of sleeve length, that is an arc that exceeds the length of the Jo-go-ri's midsection.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.281-292
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• 2017

Objective: This study aims to identify important physical design variables in designing a necklace type wearable device, and to present design guidelines to maximize comfort that a user feels upon wearing the device. Background: Interests in fitness culture and personal health are on the rise recently. In such a situation, demand for necklace type wearable devices is projected to increase a lot, as the devices enable users to use their hands freely and to enjoy various contents through connection with mobile devices. However, the necklace type wearable device's comfort was assessed to have the lowest comfort in a running situation, where human body moves up and down and left and right more than other devices wearable on other human body parts. Therefore, the usability of a necklace type wearable device was low. In this regard, studies on identification of the variables affecting user comfort upon wearing a necklace type wearable device and on physical design direction maximizing comfort and usability are needed. Method: A pretest and a main test were carried out to draw the direction of necklace type wearable device design. In the pretest, wearing evaluation on the diverse types of devices released in the market was conducted to draw physical design variables of the devices affecting comfort. Furthermore, variables significantly affecting the comfort of a device were selected through an analysis of variance (ANOVA). In the main test, anthropometry was performed, and information on anthropometric items corresponding to the design variables selected in the pretest was acquired. Based on the pretest results and the anthropometric information in the main test, the present study produced design guidelines maximizing the comfort of a necklace type wearable device with regard to major design variables upon dynamic tasks. Results: According to the pretest results, the variables having effects on comfort were the angle of side points, width, and height. Due to interactions between variables, those need to be simultaneously considered upon designing a device. Upon dynamic tasks, the angle of side points and width of a device was designed to be smaller than mean angle of the trapezius muscle and neck width, and thus attachment to human body was high. As height was designed to be larger than mean neck front and rear point width, comfort was higher due to feeling of stability. Conclusion: Because user sensitivity to comfort was high at human body's inflection points, a device needs to be designed for users not to feel high pressure on specific body parts with the device fitting human body shape well. A design considering user's situation is also required in further studies.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.304-311
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• 2018

This research used a questionnaire to provide basic data for the design of dressing form that enables the manufacture of senior menswear with an improved fit to match the dissatisfaction with the fit of male suits over the 50s. We used 132 questionnaires as analytical data. The results were: The item 'purchasing method of formal suits' showed that 95.5% purchased ready-to-wear jackets. The 'abdominal obesity type' and 'trunk waist type' had a high frequency of 'complaints about the size of the ready-to-wear jacket'. They choose their suits and wear them directly from the store. It is expected that senior males will complain about ready-to-wear formal suits due to the increase in girth item than normal type due to change of body shape since they consider size to also be important when purchasing suits. The most important part of the body when purchasing suits is the shoulder area, followed by the front width and back width of the fit. As for the degree of recognition of suit size, 38.1% said that they know the size and 'Suit size is hard to understand'. As a result of dissatisfaction with formal dressing, the items of 'Neck wide of get loose', 'Drag line of back neck', 'Not fit of front opening', 'Not fit of shoulder slope' and 'dissatisfaction'. Therefore, it is salient to establish suit fitting system and size system for senior men.