• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.163-174
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• 2008

Performance of downlink transmission strategies exploiting cooperative transmit diversity is investigated for distributed multiple-input single-output (MISO) systems, for which geographically distributed remote antennas (RA) in a cell can either communicate with distinct mobile stations (MS) or cooperate for a common MS. Statistical characteristics in terms of the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) and the achievable capacity are analyzed for both cooperative and non-cooperative transmission schemes, and the preferred mode of operation for given channel conditions is presented using the analysis result. In particular, we determine an exact amount of the maximum achievable gain in capacity when RAs for signal transmission are selected based on the instantaneous channel condition, by deriving a general expression for the SINR of such antenna selection based transmission. For important special cases of selecting a single RA for non-cooperative transmission and selecting two RAs for cooperative transmission among three RAs surrounding the MS, closed-form formulas are presented for the SINR and capacity distributions.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.36 no.1C
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• pp.37-47
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose a novel ML decoding scheme based on the combination of depth- and breadth-first search methods on a partitioned tree for multiple input multiple output systems. The proposed scheme first partitions the searching tree into several stages, each of which is then searched by a depth- or breadth-first search method, possibly exploiting the advantages of both the depth- and breadth-first search methods in an organized way. Numerical results indicate that, when the depth- and breadth-first search algorithms are adopted appropriately, the proposed scheme exhibits substantially lower computational complexity than conventional ML decoders while maintaining the ML bit error performance.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.952-962
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• 2023

In this study, a space-time transmission scheme is proposed to tackle the limitations of channel estimation with orthogonal pilot information in colocated multiple-input multiple-output systems with several transmitting and receiving antennas. Channel information is obtained using orthogonal pilots. Channel estimation introduces pilot heads required to estimate a channel. This leads to bandwidth insufficiency. As a result, trade-offs exist between the number of pilots required to estimate a channel versus spectral efficiency. The detection of data symbols is performed using the maximum likelihood decoding method as it provides a consistent approach to parameter estimation problems. The moment-generating function of the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio is used to drive an approximate expression of the symbol error rate for the proposed scheme. Furthermore, the order of diversity is less by one than the number of receiver antennas used in the proposed scheme. The effect of the length of a pilot sequence on the proposed scheme's performance is also investigated.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.53 no.10
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• pp.3-9
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• 2016

Current mobile communication systems utilize the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmission technique as an important means to enhance the bandwidth efficiency. Accurate beamforming via channel estimation contributes to the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) increase and the system performance improvement when MIMO transmission techniques are employed. Therefore, determination of beamforming vectors as well as the design of appropriate codebooks defining these codevectors play an important role in system operation. In this paper, we statistically analyze the phase difference between the channels corresponding to adjacent antenna elements in order to design an efficient codebook for uniform circular arrays (UCAs). We introduce new parameters which compensate for the additional phase difference observed in its probability density functions (PDFs). The performance of the proposed codebook is tested using the spatial channel model (SCM) to demonstrate its gain over the standard codebooks adopted in the long term evolution (LTE) Releases 8 and 10.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.481-493
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• 2011

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology provides high data rate and enhanced quality of service for wireless communications. Since the benefits from MIMO result in a heavy computational load in detectors, the design of low-complexity suboptimum receivers is currently an active area of research. Lattice-reduction-aided detection (LRAD) has been shown to be an effective low-complexity method with near-maximum-likelihood performance. In this paper, we advocate the use of systolic array architectures for MIMO receivers, and in particular we exhibit one of them based on LRAD. The "Lenstra-Lenstra-Lov$\acute{a}$sz (LLL) lattice reduction algorithm" and the ensuing linear detections or successive spatial-interference cancellations can be located in the same array, which is considerably hardware-efficient. Since the conventional form of the LLL algorithm is not immediately suitable for parallel processing, two modified LLL algorithms are considered here for the systolic array. LLL algorithm with full-size reduction-LLL is one of the versions more suitable for parallel processing. Another variant is the all-swap lattice-reduction (ASLR) algorithm for complex-valued lattices, which processes all lattice basis vectors simultaneously within one iteration. Our novel systolic array can operate both algorithms with different external logic controls. In order to simplify the systolic array design, we replace the Lov$\acute{a}$sz condition in the definition of LLL-reduced lattice with the looser Siegel condition. Simulation results show that for LR-aided linear detections, the bit-error-rate performance is still maintained with this relaxation. Comparisons between the two algorithms in terms of bit-error-rate performance, and average field-programmable gate array processing time in the systolic array are made, which shows that ASLR is a better choice for a systolic architecture, especially for systems with a large number of antennas.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.289-294
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• 2017

A high-performance time-division multiplexing (TDM) -based multiuser (MU) multiple-input multipleoutput (MIMO) system for efficient indoor visible-light communication (VLC) is presented. In this work, a MIMO technique based on RGB light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with selection combining (SC) is utilized for data transmission. That is, the proposed scheme employs RGB LEDs for parallel transmission of user data and transmits MU data in predefined slots of a time frame with a simple and efficient design, to schedule the transmission times for multiple users. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme offers an approximately 6 dB gain in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at a bit error rate (BER) of $3{\times}10^{-5}$, as compared to conventional MU single-input single-output (SISO) systems. Moreover, a data rate of 66.7 Mbps/user at a BER of $10^{-3}$ is achieved for 10 users in indoor VLC environments.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.2435-2453
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• 2015

Independent component analysis (ICA) is a signal processing technique used for un-mixing of the mixed recorded signals. In wireless communication, ICA is mainly used in multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems. Most of the existing work regarding the ICA applications in MIMO systems assumed static or quasi static wireless channels. Performance of the ICA algorithms degrades in case of time varying wireless channels and is further degraded if the data block lengths are reduced to get the quasi stationarity. In this paper, we propose an ICA based MIMO transceiver that performs well in time varying wireless channels, even for smaller data blocks. Simulation is performed over quadrature amplitude modulated (QAM) signals. Results show that the proposed transceiver system outperforms the existing MIMO system utilizing the FastICA and the OBAICA algorithms in both the transceiver systems for time varying wireless channels. Performance improvement is observed for different data blocks lengths and signal to noise ratios (SNRs).

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.232-239
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• 2011

This paper investigates the user selection problem of successive zero-forcing precoded multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) downlink systems, in which the base station and mobile receivers are equipped with multiple antennas. Assuming full knowledge of the channel state information at the transmitter, dirty paper coding (DPC) is an optimal precoding strategy, but practical implementation is difficult because of its excessive complexity. As a suboptimal DPC solution, successive zero-forcing DPC (SZF-DPC) was recently proposed; it employs partial interference cancellation at the transmitter with dirty paper encoding. Because of a dimensionality constraint, the base station may select a subset of users to serve in order to maximize the total throughput. The exhaustive search algorithm is optimal; however, its computational complexity is prohibitive. In this paper, we develop two low-complexity user scheduling algorithms to maximize the sum rate capacity of MU-MIMO systems with SZF-DPC. Both algorithms add one user at a time. The first algorithm selects the user with the maximum product of the maximum column norm and maximum eigenvalue. The second algorithm selects the user with the maximum product of the minimum column norm and minimum eigenvalue. Simulation results demonstrate that the second algorithm achieves a performance similar to that of a previously proposed capacity-based selection algorithm at a high signal-to-noise (SNR), and the first algorithm achieves performance very similar to that of a capacity-based algorithm at a low SNR, but both do so with much lower complexity.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.5304-5322
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• 2018

Since designing a feedback topology is a practical way to implement interference alignment at reduced cost of channel state information (CSI) feedback, six feedback topologies have been presented in prior works for a K-user multiple-input multiple-output interference channel. To fully reveal the potential benefits of the feedback topology in terms of the saving of CSI overhead, we propose a new feedback topology in this paper. By efficiently performing dimensionality-decreasing at the transmitter side and aligning interference signals at a subset of receivers, we show that the proposed feedback topology obtains substantial reduction of feedback cost over the existing six feedback designs under the same antenna configuration.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.9 no.11
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• pp.4387-4404
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• 2015

The energy-efficient design of sensing-based spectrum sharing of a multi-input and multi-output (MIMO) cognitive radio (CR) system with imperfect multiple antenna spectrum sensing is investigated in this study. Optimal resource allocation strategies, including sensing time and power allocation schemes, are studied to maximize the energy efficiency (EE) of the secondary base station under the transmit power and interference power constraints. EE problem is formulated as a nonlinear stochastic fractional programming of a nonconvex optimal problem. The EE problem is transformed into its equivalent nonlinear parametric programming and solved by one-dimension search algorithm. To reduce searching complexity, the search range was founded by demonstration. Furthermore, simulation results confirms that an optimal sensing time exists to maximize EE, and shows that EE is affected by the spectrum detection factors and corresponding constraints.