• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.107-116
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• 2005

Objectives : We analyzed the changes from 1996 to 2002 in distributive equity of the contribution burden in the Korean National Health Insurance. Methods : The study subjects were a total of 8,923 employee households and a total of 7,296 self-employed households over the period from 1996 to 2002. Those were the households meeting the two criteria as completing each annual survey and having no change in the job of head of the household during that period from the raw data of the Household Income and Expenditure Survey annually conducted by the Korean National Statistical Office. The unit of analysis was a household, and this was the standard for assessing the contribution that is now applied on a monthly basis. Deciles Distribution Ratio, Contribution Concentration Curve and Contribution Concentration Index were estimated as the index of inequality. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to compare the annual ability-to-pay elasticity of the contribution to the reference year of 1996 for three groups (all households, the employee households, and the self-employed households). Results : For the index of inequality, the distributive equity of contribution was improved in all three groups. In particular, the employee group experienced a substantial improvement. Using multiple regression analysis, the ability-to-pay elasticity of the contribution in the employee group significantly increased ($\beta$=0.232, p<0.0001) in the year 2002 as compared to the reference year of 1996. The elasticity in the self-employed group also significantly increased ($\beta$=0.186, p<0.05), although its change was smaller than that in the employee group. Conclusions : The employee group had a greater improvement for the distributive equity of the contribution burden than the self-employed group. Within the observation period, there were two important integration reforms: one was the integration of 227 self-employed societies in 1998 and the other was the integration of 139 employee societies in 2000. We expected that the equity of the contribution burden would be improved for the self-employed group since the integration reform of 1998. However, it was not improved for the self-employed group until the year 2000. This result suggests that capturing exactly the beneficiaries' ability-to-pay such as income is the precedent for distributive equity of the contribution burden, although a more sophisticated imposition standard of contribution is needed.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.693-698
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• 2016

A decentralized control method is proposed to enable a group of robots to achieve maximum performance in multisensory target tracking while avoiding collision with the target. The decentralized control was designed based on navigation function formalism. The study showed that the multiple agent system converged to the positions providing the maximum performance by the decentralized controller, based on Lyapunov and Hessian theory. An exemplary simulation was given for a multiple agent system tracking a stationary target.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.13-22
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• 2015

These days, human behavior (human factor), the main cause of traffic accidents, has drawn more attention. Research on driving behavior based on DBQ(Driver Behavior Questionnaire), the analysis tool of driving behavior, has been conducted actively. In domestic previous studies, their analysis subjects were limited to researchers or military officials, and their analysis methods were based on factor analysis and regression analysis. Therefore, this study tries to find the factors of general drivers' driving behavior that influence risk driving, and to analyze their influential relationship. Regarding study scope, general drivers with driving career were asked to answer DBQ questionnaire, and 300 effective samples were analyzed. In addition, previous studies were investigated to draw the three measurable attributes of DBQ-'Lapse, Mistake, and Violation'-as main factors of traffic accidents, and structural equation model was applied to design risk driving behavior model. To identify the difference between risk driving groups, this study made use of multiple group analysis. The analysis came to the following results: First, according to the examination of the hypothesis that 'Lapse, Mistake, and Violation factors will influence risk driving behavior', all factors were found to be statistically significant. Regarding their level of influence on risk driving behavior, Violation was 0.464, Lapse 0.383, and Mistake 0.158, and thus Violation was analyzed to be the most influential. Secondly, according to the examination of the hypothesis that 'the influence of Lapse, Mistake, and Violation factors on risk driving behavior will be different by risk group', the influence of Lapse on risk driving behavior was found to be different by risk group. It is expected that the study results will be used as a fundamental program to introduce traffic accident prevention program and education that takes violation and lapse into consideration.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.461-466
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to examine the different purchasing behaviors of natural dyes according to the personal value orientation of the consumers in question. In addition, this study sets out the purchasing behaviors according to demographic variables. To collect data, this study surveyed 150 housewives living in Daegu in November 2003 using convenient sampling. SPSS 10.0 was used for the statistical analysis of the sampled data including basic statistics, factor analysis and multiple regression analysis. The results derived from this study are as follows : 1) The group that exhibited a more self-controlled value orientation prefers to purchase natural dyes. 2) Consumers with relatively high education backgrounds and in an older age group have preference in purchasing natural dyes.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.61-67
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• 2002

NIRS(Near infrared spectroscopy) scanning from 1300nm to 2400nm was appl ied for the DEHP(di-(2 ethylhexyl)phthalate) in PVC(polyvinyl chloride_packing material. All samples were devided into calibration group and validation group. As a result of conduction the multiple regression analysis on the correlation between the NIR spectrum data and chemical assay value obtained by the Korea Food Sanitation Act. The validation model for measuring the DEHP content had R of 0.997, SEC of 0.132, SEP of 0.176 by MLR and R of 0.996, SEC of 0.142, SEP of 0.198 by PLS and the detection limit was 0.1%. The obtained results indicate that the NIR procedure can potentially be used as a nondestructive analysis method for the purpose of rapid and simple measurement of DEHP in PVC packing material.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.39 no.11
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• pp.145-160
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to classify consumer groups according to shopping attitude and analyze buying intention and evaluation criteria of apparel product, opinion to CATV home shopping among consumer groups. The subjects of this study were 270 women living in Chonbuk and Chonnam regardless their experiene in CATV home shopping. For data analysis frequency, percentage, mean,1-test, factor analysis, Cluster Analysis, Duncan Multiple Range test, were conducted. The results were as follows; First, the type of shopping attitude were classified into the following subdivisions: merchandise assortment oriented type, adventure oriented type, indifferent type, economy oriented group, recreational oriented group. Second, shopping attitude were shown to have the significant differences according to education, the structure of family, working in double hamess. Third, the significant differences among the classified shopping attitude groups were found in buying intention, evaluation criteria of apparel product, and opinion to CATV home shopping.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.25 no.1A
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• pp.104-113
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• 2000

In this paper, we propose a protocol that makes use of a concept of a meta-group based on propagation trees to deal with duplicated members of the same multicast group. It is shown that, if multicast tree is composed ofthese meta-groups, the depth of the tree can be shortened and the ordering of the multicast that communicatesbetween multiple senders and receivers can be easier. In the protocol, we assign a Designated Manager(DM) toeach meta-group and make each DM do the role of the representative receiver of the meta group. In this Paper,the DM's are supposed to handle ACK and retransmission for the members in the same meta group. Hence, theDM's distribute the ACK from senders, and they can reduce the burden of senders by shortening commit delaytime. We also show, through a simulation analysis, that the new multicast protocol outperforms the existing onesnot only in message costs but also in commit delay times.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.75-90
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• 2010

Teenagers are considered as one of important consumer groups by marketers because of their high purchasing power and impulsive purchasing propensity. Especially high school girls are most significant purchasing group of them. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of high school girls' lifestyle on shoes purchasing behavior and shoes wearing satisfaction. This study surveyed 428 high school girls in Seoul and Chonbuk area. Data were statistically analyzed using SAS 9.1.3 for Window. Major statistical methods are factor analysis, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ coefficient, cluster analysis, frequency analysis, Chi-square test, multiple regression analysis, ANOVA and Duncan test. The shoes purchasing behavior is significantly different according to students' lifestyle. Activity-pursuing group's major shoes purchasing factor is practical use and fashion & scholar-pursuing group's major shoes purchasing factors are fashion and brand. Relationship between lifestyle and shoes purchasing pattern is as follows. Activity-pursuing group and fashion & scholar-pursuing group purchased shoes more frequently than family-pursuing group. Fashion & scholar-pursuing-group purchased shoes for the harmony of suit and shoes. As for wearing satisfaction, design is the primary factor and price was the least significant factor in sports shoes, while durability is the primary factor and material is the least significant factor for the casual shoes.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.28-38
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• 1995

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between irrational belief and psychopathology. The Korean version of Symptom Check List-90-R and Irrational Belief Test were administered to 621 high school students in group. The author used Pearson correlation coefficiency and multiple regression analysis to seek the regression patterns of the irrational belief. The results were as follows. 1) Most of the subscales of the SCL-90-R and Irrational Belief Test were correlated significantly. 2) In multiple regression analysis, the irrational belief associated with anxious overconcern was the most predictable variable for psychopathology.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.107-115
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• 2014

Offshore wind power has been extremely popular in recent years, and in the energy technology field, relevant research has been increasingly conducted. However, research regarding patent portfolios is still insufficient. The purpose of this research is to study the status of mainstream offshore wind power technology and patent portfolios and to investigate major assignees and countries to obtain a thorough understanding of the developmental trends of offshore wind power technology. The findings may be used by the government and industry for designing additional strategic development proposals. Data mining methods, such as multiple correspondence analyses and k-means clustering, were implemented to explore the competing technological and strategic-group relationships within the offshore wind power industry. The results indicate that the technological positions and patent portfolios of the countries and manufacturers are different. Additional technological development strategy recommendations were proposed for the offshore wind power industry.