• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.29-34
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• 2021

Vertical greenery has become an important technological means to improve the ecological environment condition in urban high-density areas, especially in central areas of Chinese cities. The cost of vertical greenery has significantly increased both in the decision-making process of architectural design and in the assessment of the sustainability potential of urban complexes. The estimation and evaluation of the cost of vertical greenery have become important obstacles to multi-party investment in the construction of vertical greenery. Considering the factors of the building typology and full life-cycle cost, this paper constructs an assessment model of vertical greenery in seven types in urban complex, and suggests an optimized approach to vertical greenery in an urban complex.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.27-38
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• 2017

Packet classification is one of the essential functionalities of Internet routers in providing quality of service. Since the arrival rate of input packets can be tens-of-millions per second, wire-speed packet classification has become one of the most challenging tasks. While traditional packet classification only reports a single matching result, new network applications require multiple matching results. Ternary content-addressable memory (TCAM) has been adopted to solve the multi-match classification problem due to its ability to perform fast parallel matching. However, TCAM has a fundamental issue: high power dissipation. Since TCAM is designed for a single match, the applicability of TCAM to multi-match classification is limited. In this paper, we propose a cost- and energy-efficient multi-match classification architecture that combines TCAM with a tuple space search algorithm. The proposed solution uses two small TCAM modules and requires a single-cycle TCAM lookup, two SRAM accesses, and several Bloom filter query cycles for multi-match classifications.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제52권8호
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• pp.40-48
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 다중 입력 다중 출력 시스템을 위한 전 처리 과정인 QR Decomposition (QRD) 과 Lattice Reduction (LR)에 대하여, 두 과정의 연산의 공유성을 바탕으로 이를 공동으로 처리하는 프로세서를 제안한다. 제안하는 전 처리 프로세서는 다중 사이클 아키텍처로 설계하여 하드웨어 복잡도를 낮추었고, 두 전 처리 과정을 채널 환경에 따라 선택적으로 수행한다. 제안하는 전 처리 프로세서는 $0.18-{\mu}m$ CMOS공정의 셀 라이브러리를 사용하여 139K의 논리 게이트로 구현되었고, 최대 117MHz의 동작주파수에서 $8{\times}8$ 행렬에 대한 QRD와 LR의 수행에 대하여 $5{\mu}s$의 latency를 갖는다.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.246-254
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 멀티 스레드와 듀얼 페이즈 명령어 파이프라인을 가진 4way SIMD 프로세서를 설계하였다. 8개의 스레드가 round-robin 방식으로 실행되어, 해저드를 발생시키지 않는다. 또한 듀얼 페이즈 기능은 1개의 코어가 2개의 프로세서처럼 동작하도록 명령어를 최대 4개를 입력 받아 처리한다. 이 가변 명령어 구조는 1차와 2차 페이즈로 나뉘어 명령어를 수식할 수 있으며, 이 기능을 통해 분기명령이나 어드레싱 명령을 단일 클럭에 수행할 수 있도록 한다. 이 프로세서는 명령어 수행 시간을 일반적인 SIMD 구조에 비하여 50% 이하로 단축시킬 수 있으며, 최대 2배의 성능향상을 보이고 25%까지 코드 크기를 줄일 수 있다..

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제34권1B호
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• pp.47-55
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• 2009

최근의 네트워크 침입탐지 시스템에서는 침입이 의심되는 패킷을 나타내는 데 정규표현식이 사용되고 있다. 고속 네트워크를 통해서 입력되는 패킷을 실시간으로 검사하기 위해서는 하드웨어 기반 패턴 매칭이 필수적이며 변화되는 패턴 규칙을 다루기 위해서는 FPGA와 같은 재구성 가능한 디바이스를 사용하는 것이 바람직하다. FPGA의 동작 속도 제한으로 바이트 단위의 패킷 검사로는 실시간 검사를 할 수 없는 경우에 이를 해결하기 위해서 여러 바이트 단위로 검사하는 것이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 정규표현식 패턴 매칭을 n바이트 단위로 처리하는 하드웨어의 구조와 설계 방법을 제시하고 이에 대한 패턴 매칭 회로 생성기를 구현한다. Snort 규칙에 대해 FPGA로 합성된 하드웨어는 n=4일 때에 규칙에 따라서 $2.62{\sim}3.4$배의 처리 속도 향상을 보였다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.1040-1048
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• 1987

We propose a hardware architecture called Multiring which is applicable for various geometrical operations on rectilinear objects such as design rule checking in VLSI layout and many image processing operations including noise suppression and coutour extraction. It has both a fast execution speed and extremely high flexibility. The whole architecture is mainly divided into four parts` I/O between host and Multiring, ring memory, linear processor array and instruction decoder. Data transmission between host and Multiring is bit serial thereby reducing the bandwidth requirement for teh channel and the number of external pins, while each row data in the bit map stored in ring memory is processed in the corresponding processor in full parallelism. Each processor is simultaneously configured by the instruction decoder/controller to perform one of the 16 basic instructions such as Boolean (AND, OR, NOT, and Copy), geometrical(Expand and Shrink), and I/O operations each ring cycle, which gives Multiring maximal flexibility in terms of design rule change or the instruction set enhancement. Correct functional behavior of Multiring was confirmed by successfully running a software simulator having one-to-one structural correspondence to the Multiring hardware.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2006년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.109-112
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• 2006

In the recent studies, various types of multi mode electric variable transmission for hybrid electric vehicle have been proposed. Multi mode electric variable transmission consists of two or more different type planetary gear hybrid powertrain system(PGHP), which can change its power flow type by means of clutches for improving transmission efficiencies. Generally the power flows can be classified into three different types such as Input split, output split nd compound split. In This paper, we present velocity and torque equations of the input-split powertrain and analyze its optimal Performances. There are six combinations of the input-split powertrain, each combination has various lever length. We find optimal planetary gear ratios for fuel economy and acceleration performance, and compare performances of each combination.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제39권7호
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• pp.74-80
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• 2002

SOC와 같은 VLSI 집적 회로는 기능적 이유 등으로 인해 다중 클락의 설계 기법을 필요로 한다. 테스트시 클락 오더링과 같은 문제의 효과적이지 못한 대응으로 인해 클락 도메인간의 전이에서 많은 오류들이 발생한다. 본 논문은 다중 클락 시스템에서의 새로운 자체 테스크 기법을 제시한다. 클락 스큐의 문제는 다중캡처의 동작으로 제거하며, 다른 클락 도메인간 혹은 같은 클락 도메인간의 테스트 모두를 동작속도에서 가능하게 한다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.74-80
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• 2004

Aspergillus fumigatus is one of the most common fungi in the human environment, both in-doors and out-doors. It is the main causative agent of invasive aspergillosis, a life-threatening mycosis among immunocompromised patients. The genome has been sequenced by an international consortium, including the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (U.K.) and The Institute for Genomic Research (TIGR, U.S.A.), and a ten times whole genome shotgun sequence assembly has been made publicly available. In this study, we identified tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle enzymes of A. fumigatus by comparative analysis with four other fungal species. The open reading frames showed high amino acid sequence similarity with the other fungal citric acid enzymes and well-conserved functional domains. All genes present in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Candida albicans, and Neurospora crassa were also found in A. fumigatus. In addition, we identified four A. fumigatus genes coding for enzymes in the glyoxylate shunt, which may be required for fungal virulence. The architecture of multi-gene encoded enzymes, such as isocitrate dehydrogenase, 2-ketoglutarate, succinyl-CoA synthetase, and succinate dehydrogenase was well conserved in A. fumigatus. Furthermore, our results show that genes of A. fumigatus can be detected reliably using GlimmerM.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.403-413
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• 2017

The fabric braided braking hose that delivers the driver's braking force to brake cylinder undergoes the large deformation cyclic motion according to the steering and bump/rebound motions of vehicle. The cyclic large deformation of braking hose may give rise to two critical problems: the interference with other adjacent vehicle parts and the micro cracking stemming from the fatigue damage accumulation. Hence, both the hose deformation and the fatigue damage become the critical issue in the design of braking hose. In this context, this paper introduces a multi-objective optimization method for minimizing the both quantities. The total length of hose and the helix angles of fabric braided composite layers are chosen for the design variables, and the maximum hose deformation and the critical fatigue life cycle are defined by the individual single objective functions. The trade-off between two single objective functions is made by introducing the weighting factors. The proposed optimization method is validated and the improvement of initial hose design is examined through the benchmark simulation. Furthermore, the dependence of optimum solutions on the weighting factors is also investigated.