• Journal of the Korean Society of Child Welfare
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• no.55
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• pp.143-171
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• 2016

This study investigated the effects of individual characteristics, school factors, and community factors on adolescent school violence behaviors. Data from a total of 1,777 middle school students from 50 schools in the Seoul and Gyeonggi regions were used for analysis. A hierarchical generalized linear modeling was employed to conduct a two-level analysis. Results showed that adolescents' individual factors, including attitudes toward violence, parental attachment, child abuse experiences, and affiliation with delinquent peers, as well as school factors including teacher's abusive classroom discipline, affected adolescent school violence behaviors. In addition, neighborhood disorder was found to be significantly positively correlated with adolescents' school violence. The results of this study suggest that for an understanding of school violence and to prepare countermeasures accordingly, integrated consideration of various environmental contexts in adolescents' daily lives, such as family, school, and community environments, is necessary. A multidimensional, integrated intervention plan to effectively resolve school violence based on these research results is discussed.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.61 no.4
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• pp.85-108
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• 2009

The quickening pace of international migration in the last twenty years brought fundamental demographic and social changes to the Korean society. Increasing number of marriage-based immigrant families imposes new challenges on social work community; however, the social work community has not been equipped with necessary practice models, sets of skills and professionals with cultural competency. This study aims to explore an integrative framework of social work practice with this client group. Research foci include the profile of marriage-based immigrant families in Korea, available social services at the time, challenges and issues they face, the compatibility of the empowerment based social work practice, and micro/mezzo/macro level concerns that arise for the effective service provision. Challenges among marriage-based immigrant families are converged into personal/familial, community related, and larger social-cultural issues. Empowerment is a multi-dimensional social process to help people gain control over their lives; a process that fosters power in people, for use in their lives, their communities and in their society. Empowerment based social work practice can be the most competent framework for working with multi-cultural families considering their multi-faceted acculturation issues while they navigate thru Korean society. Issues of educating and training of culturally competent social workers are discussed.

• Korean Journal of Family Social Work
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• no.53
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• pp.161-198
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• 2016

This study examined how previous financial and time transfers from mothers to their adult children affect co-residence of elderly mothers and their adult children in South Korea. This study employed multi-level logistic analysis considering hierarchical relationship structures between mothers and their adult children. A sample of 1,925 elderly mothers and 7,460 adult children was extracted from data which were from the first wave (in 2006) to the forth wave (in 2012) of Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA). The result of the analysis suggested that past financial transfer from mothers to their adult children was not significantly associated with co-residence between elderly mothers and their adult children. However, likelihood of co-residence increased with the amount of time transfer, which was measured by unit of time for elderly mothers' caring for their grandchildren. This study discussed that long-term reciprocal relationships between elderly mothers and their adult children are built by intergenerational support relationships. However, the result that showed only grandmaternal child care affected intergenerational co-residence implies that intergenerational care may play an important role in intergenerational reciprocal relationships. Through these findings, this study suggested theoretical, practical, and policy implications.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.371-381
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• 2019

This study explored how retirement satisfaction or dissatisfaction influences on retirees' life satisfaction, comparing to workers and the gender differences were examined. The study sample was 2,609 persons (1,886 workers, 723 retirees) aged 45 or older who participated in the 1-2 waves of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA), and the retirees were classified into continuously dissatisfied retirees and satisfied retirees during wave 1 and 2. Using SPSS 21.0, the multiple regression models were examined, and in order to clarify the gender difference, the multi-group analysis and the wald-test were conducted to test the difference of the regression coefficients according to gender using Mplus 7.3. According to the results, the life satisfaction of dissatisfied retirees was lower than that of the employed, but when satisfied with retirement, the life satisfaction was higher than that of the employed. In addition, the dissatisfied retirees in both gender were less satisfied with life than the employed, and this effect was greater in female group. However, the life satisfaction of female satisfied with retirement was higher than that of the employed, whereas the evidence of the male influence was not found to be significant. Based on the results of this study, discussion about heterogeneity of retirees and gender differences in life span were presented.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.67-98
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• 1997

This study examines multi-level factors geographic proximities between elderly parents and their children in the United States and Japan. Despite their similar economies, the United States and Japan show a significant difference in their patterns of generational proximity. In 1993, half of US non-Hisapnic white parents aged 70 or over lived separately but within 10 miles of their nearest children and a majority of them lived far from their non-nearest children. The family geographic network for Japanese elderly parents is more hierarchial. In 1989, 74 percent of Japanese parents aged 70 and over lived with their nearest children but most of them lived far from their non-nearest children. To explain this distinctive pattern of inter- and intra-family differences in generational proximities in the two societies, this study employs a multi-level analysis which compares the relative importance of life course conditions of elderly parents and their children and economic and ecological characteristics of elderly parent's places of residence in influencing generational proximities.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.228-239
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• 2012

This study aims to propose the improvement direction of spatial organization of orphanage facilities by reflecting the international trend of child welfare facilities including 'enhancement of habitability', 'opening to the local community' and 'multi-functionality' on the basis of ideas of 'right of housing' and 'normalization'. Orphanage facilities are evolving from 'facilities' to accommodate unfortunate children to the concept of the 'community-care', and the residential space is also rapidly shifting to 'cottage' type resembling a residential type of ordinary family so as to enhance the self-esteem and relationship. To suggest the future-oriented changeability of current orphanage facilities, the present study conducted a nationwide survey of child welfare facilities and four Visiting researches of cottage type orphanage with different locations to investigate the appropriateness of housing type, organization of common use space, mode of management and facilities criteria. The results of this study are following: 1) For enhancement of habitability it is suggested that cottage type with various plans in the form of ordinary housing is appropriate, that the number of children per cottage is six or so, and that the number of less than two or three children per room is recommended. At the same time the adjustment of facilities criteria, simplified or complex, is suggested to support a similar residence pattern to ordinary home. 2) Specialized programs must be introduced to establish a base of welfare-network for community children according to features of location and a complex management must be sought in the connection with neighboring public facilities. 3) To secure the residential environment and quality of life for children, the concept of a simple playground space by the current facilities criteria must be broken away to reinforce the network of various outdoor spaces closely connected with living space.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.229-252
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• 2013

In this study, WSS developmental checklist and nursery maladaptive test were conducted and applied to 203 multicultural children and non-multicultural children. The children were 3-5years old and were attending 34 kindergartens located in Gimpo-si and Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do to investigate the developmental level and status of adaptation to the nursery in multicultural children. The result shows that there is no difference in the development of scientific thinking and mathematical thinking while developmental level is lower in personality, sociality, language, reading and writing area in multicultural children compared to non-multicultural children. According to age, there is no difference in the development between 4~5-year-old multicultural children and non-multicultural children while there is a difference in the development between 3-year-old multicultural and non-multicultural children. It also shows that there are no significant differences in nursery adaptation between multicultural children and non-multicultural children.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.22
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• pp.10033-10038
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• 2014

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of tobacco use, beliefs and risk awareness and psychosocial correlates of tobacco use among university students in 24 low, middle and emerging economy countries. Using anonymous questionnaires, data were collected from 16953 undergraduate university students (mean age 20.9, SD=2.9) from 25 universities in 24 countries across Asia, Africa and the Americas. Results indicate that overall 13.3% of the university students were current tobacco users, 22.4% for men and 6.6% for women, ranging from 3.8% in Singapore to 32.5% in Cameroon. The risk awareness of the smoking lung cancer link was 83.6%, while the risk awareness of the smoking heart disease link was 46.5%. Multivariate logistic regression found that older age, male gender, having a wealthy family background, living in a low income country, residing off campus on their own, poor beliefs in the importance not to smoke, awareness of the smoking heart disease link, hit by a sexual partner, depressive symptoms, and substance use (binge drinking and illicit drug use) were associated with current tobacco use.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.25 no.1 s.85
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• pp.169-182
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among romantic attachment, self-esteem, and love attitudes as perceived by college students(male:149, female:202) in the Seoul and Gyeonggi areas. All respondents submitted their answers on a self-report questionnaire. The measurement instruments were Brennan, Clark, & Shaver'(1998) 'Multi-item Measure of Adult Romantic Attachment', Rosenberg'(1979) Self-esteem Scale, and Hendrick, Hendrick, & Dicke'(1998) 'Love Attitudes Scale'. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-tests, Pearson's correlations, and multiple regressions. Major results of this study were as follows: (a) In romantic attachment and self-esteem, sex was not a significant factor. In the love attitudes, sex was significant, and men showed higher levels of Eros and Agape than women. Women showed higher levels of Plasma than men. (b) Romantic attachment(avoidance and anxiety dimensions) were negatively correlated to self-esteem. (c) The avoidance dimension of romantic attachment was negatively correlated to Eros, Mania, and Agape and positively Ludus. The anxiety dimension of romantic attachment was positively correlated to Ludus, Plasma, Mania, and Agape. (d) Self-esteem was negatively correlated to Mania and positively correlated to Eros and Pragma.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Rural Health Nursing
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.96-103
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• 2008

Purpose: The Study of vaccination for infants and children business in Primary Health Care Posts from 1980 to 2009. Method: look for national essential vaccination look for the change of vaccination by the times in Primary Health Care Posts and the rate of vaccination for infants and children by a administrative report statistics survey of a vaccine delivery system of Public health care institutions investigation about assistance details of vaccination cost in order to raise the rate of vaccination for infants and children. Results: In 1980s, there are many infants and children management object, but now there are rapidly decreasing infants and children management subject of a Primary Health Care Post because of rural exodus phenomenon of 1990's and a low birthrate of 2000's. Currently, the infants and children that registed, and managed to a Primary Health Care Post is most multi-cultural families. A multi-cultural family assistance program is provided these infants and children to the objects. Conclusions: Infant vaccination execution in Primary Health Care Posts showed to high vaccination rate because the prevention of vaccination delay or omission of the interior child who raised geographical accessibility to object sons nowadays it difficult to management of transportation of vaccine and storage management for a little shroud objects limited and management of inoculation business in quality. A main problem is as follows. There are a little vaccine transportation, trouble of proper temperature maintenance of a storage process, and having a lot of vaccine abolition as a little objects, educational training shortage of health care practitioner regarding to execute an inoculation. Therefore, vaccination business needs measures for management in quality in Primary Health Care Posts.