• Title/Summary/Keyword: mother's employment

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Factors that Influence on Child Care Expenses of Single Mother Families in the U. S. (미국 편모가계의 자녀보육비 지출에 영향을 미치는 요인)

  • Park, Sun-Wook
    • Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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    • v.46 no.1
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    • pp.87-101
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    • 2008
  • Using the 1999 National Survey of America's Families(NSAF), this study investigated the factors that affect child care expenses and examined financial and social support of single mother families in the U. S. In this study, 4,676 single mother families with children aged twelve and under are included for the analytical sample. About half of all single mother families with children under age 12 had some amount of child care expenses in 1999. Monthly child care expenses for those who had child care expenses was an average of $255 and it accounted for about 15 percent of their family earnings. The profile of financial and social support showed that about one-quarter of single mothers received financial support for child care, one-fifth received free child care by relatives and about 40 percent received child support payments from nonresident fathers. Tobit analysis results showed that the significant factors that affected child care expenses were mother's age, marital status, educational level, employment status, the numbers of children aged 0-5, family income, the receipt of public assistance and financial support for child care.

Effect of Maternal Employment and Infant's Prematurity on Postpartum Health (모성 취업과 미숙아 출산이 산후 건강회복에 미치는 영향)

  • Ahn, Suk-Hee
    • Women's Health Nursing
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.55-68
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    • 2002
  • While the survival rate of preterm infants and employment rates of mothers with infants have been dramatically increasing, little is known about the impact of maternal employment and having premature infants on maternal health recovery after delivery. The purpose of this longitudinal study was to examine differences in postpartum health by mother's employment and infant's prematurity over time during the first 3 months postpartum. The study used a longitudinal design and was secondary data analysis from a large study. A convenience sample of 132 mothers was recruited with mothers who had fullterm or preterm infants through the postpartum unit. They were followed up for 3 times (at 1-2 days, 6 weeks, and 3 months) during the first 3 months postpartum period. Level of fatigue and hysical symptoms were indicators for postpartum physical health; Positive affect and negative affect were assessed for postpartum mental health, and role functional status after childbirth was for role performance. Finding indicated that health indicators changed significantly over time but there was no main or interaction effect for maternal employment status. There were main effects of infant's prematurity on positive affect, negative affect, and role functional status (self-care and social and community activities). This study enhanced the understanding of postpartum health of mothers with preterm infants as well as those with fullterm infants during the postpartum period.

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A Study on the Effect of Family Environment on the Dietary Quality of Adolescence (가정환경이 청소년기 식사의 질에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구)

  • 임국이
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.23-31
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    • 1986
  • This study was attempted to investigate the effect of family environment on the dietary quality of adolescence. The subjected were 390 girls aged from 13 to 19 and their mothers in Chung-Nam province area. The survey was conducted from Febril 6 to 16, 1985. The results can be summarized as follows ; 1) The mean dietary score of nutrient adequacy of subjects was 11.85 out of possible 17, which showed that all nutrients intake might be lower than the R.D.A. 2) According to resident place, dietary quality was tended to be better in order of rural place, small city and medium city 9P<0.01). 3) In smaller numbers of family members, dietary quality was tended to be better (P<0.01). 4) Family pattern did not affect the dietary quality. 5) According to socioeconomic status, dietary quality was tended to be better at the upper class(P<0.05). 6) Dietary quality was tended to be better according to the increase of PCEF(per capita expenditure for food). 7) Mother's employment was likely to improve the dietary quality (P<0.01). 8) Dietary quality was tended to be better according to mother's favored attitude toward nutrition(P<0.01). 9) Mother's attitude toward taste affected the dietary quality, but this effect was not constant(P<0.01). 10) Mother's attitude toward family's food preference affected the dietary quality adversely (P<0.01). 11) Mother's score of nutrition knowledge was likely to affect the dietary quality. 12) Dietary quality was positively correlated to health status of subjects. And there was a significantly negative correlation between dietary quality and menarcheal age (P<0.01).

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An Analysis of the Preschool Children's Home Environment Stimulation -Focused on the Characteristics of the Children and the Home in Urban and Rural Areas- (아동 및 가정의 특성에 따른 취학전 아동 가정의 가정환경자극 분석 -도시와 농촌 가정을 대상으로-)

  • 장영애
    • Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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    • v.35 no.4
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    • pp.15-30
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    • 1997
  • This study investigated the dagree of stimulation of home environments for preschool children in Seoul. Inchon Yangpyung and Kimpo area. The subjects of this study were 394 mothers. Instruments included the inventory of home stimulation (HOME) for preschool children. The main results obtained from this study were as follows: The main results obtained from this study were as follows: The degree of stimulaition of home environments differed according to children's sex birth order mother's age mother's employment status mother's education. income of the family type of the family religion type of the house and living areas(urban and rural).

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An Analysis of the Elementary School Children′s Home Environment Stimulation in Urban and Rural Areas (도시와 농촌 지역의 초등학교 저학년 아동 가정의 가정환경자극 분석)

  • 장영애
    • Korean Journal of Rural Living Science
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.189-201
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    • 1997
  • This study investigated the degree of stimulation of home environments for elementary school children in Seoul, Inchon, Yangpyung and Kimpo areas. The subjects of this study were 240 mothers. Instruments included the inventory of home stimulation (HOME) for elementary school children. The main results obtained from this study were as follows : The degree of stimulation of home environments differed according to children's sex, birth order, mother's age, mother's employment status, mother's education, income of the family, type of the family, religion, type of the house and living areas (urban and rural).

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The Relationship between Toddlers' Negative Emotionality and Mothers' Parenting Stress: The Moderating Roles of Husbands' Cooperation, Mother-Teacher Partnership, and Other Social Support (걸음마기 아동의 부정적 정서성과 어머니의 양육스트레스 간 관계: 남편 및 보육교사의 협력과 주위도움의 조절효과)

  • Park, Hyeon Ju;Kim, Hee Jung;Ahn, Sun Hee
    • Journal of Families and Better Life
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    • v.34 no.6
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    • pp.55-67
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    • 2016
  • The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between Toddlers'negative emotionality and mothers' parenting stress and the moderating roles of a husbands'cooperation, mother-teacher partnership, and other social support. The participants of this study were 248 mothers with toddlers aged 24-35 months. The method of research used was the questionnaire method. The collected data were mainly analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ test, Pearson's correlation and multiple regression analysis. The main results of this study were as follows. First, there were differences in mother's parenting stress according to individual characteristics such as mothers employment status, parenting costs, mother's feeling of pregnancy. Second, a moderator effect of a husbands' cooperation was found in the relationship between toddlers'negative emotionality and mothers' parenting stress. Therefore, it was confirmed that husband's cooperation is more of an important factor in nursing children with negative emotions than other support systems.

The Relationships between Sex-Role Identity and Yin-Yang Clothing Behavior of Mothors and Daughters (어머니와 딸의 성역할 정체감과 음양의복행동간의 관계)

  • Lee Hyun My;Lim Sook Ja
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.11 no.3 s.25
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    • pp.67-77
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    • 1987
  • The purposes of this study were to investigate the relationship between mothers and daughters in sex-role identity and yin-yang clothing behavior as well as the relationship between sex-role indentity and yin-yang clothing behavior Sex-role identy was measured by Bem Sex-Role Inventory (1974) modified and supplemented for this study. For the measurement of yin-yang clothing behavior, researcher developed a questionnaire. Data were collected from 422 women, both college women and her mothers. For the statistical analysis, frequency, distribution, t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Duncan's multiple range test, $x^2-test$, Pearson's correlation coefficients, analysis of covariance. multiple regression analysis were used. The results of this research can be summarized as follows: 1 There was significant difference in yin-yang clothing behavior according to home environmental variables such as family type, mother's employment. 2. There was not significant difference in mother's yin-yang clothing behavior according to mother's sex-role identity. But positive significant relationship was found between daughter's sex-role identity and daughter's yin-fang clothing behavior. 3. Mother's sex-role identity had influence on daughter's sex-role identity And mother's yin-yang clothing behavior had influence on daughter's yin-yang clothing behavior, too. 4. Mother's fin-yang clothing behavior and daughter's sex-role identity directly affected daughter's yin-yang clothing behavior, but mother's sex-role identity indirectly affected daughter's yin-yang clothing behavior.

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Factors Related to University Students' Positive Beliefs about the Consequences of Maternal Employment (대학생의 어머니 취업에 대한 긍정적 신념에 영향을 미치는 요인)

  • Kwon, Hee-Kyung;Chang, Young-Eun;Sung, Mi-Young
    • Journal of Families and Better Life
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    • v.28 no.4
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    • pp.43-54
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    • 2010
  • This study examines the factors related to university students' positive beliefs about the consequences of maternal employment. A total of 338 university students in Seoul, Gyeong-gi, and Kyungnam area provided information about their socio-economic background, parents' employment history, achievement motivation, and gender egalitarian attitude. A two-way analysis of variance showed significant interaction effects of gender and grade on positive beliefs about the consequences of maternal employment. Multiple regression analyses by gender indicated that factors related with university students' positive beliefs about the consequences of maternal employment may differ by gender. For male students, grade, and socio-cultural gender egalitarian attitude were significantly related to positive beliefs about the consequences of maternal employment. For female students, grade, family monthly income, mother's employment during elementary school, and achievement motivation were related with positive beliefs about the consequences of maternal employment.

The Effects of Mothers' Market Work Participation and Away-from-Home Food Consumption on Children's Selected Nutrient Intakes

  • Kim, So-Ra;Douthitt, Robin A.
    • International Journal of Human Ecology
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.63-74
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    • 2006
  • This study examines the effect of mother's market work participation and presumably in the home, on the production of child quality, where child quality is measured by nutritional status. In general, our analysis answers how does mothers' employment affect away-home food consumption and their children's diet quality. The data come from the 1994-1996 Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII) in 1998 and the sample used in this study is 1774 children that provided information on their food intake for two days from 1065 households. The direct effects and indirect effects through foods-away-from home consumption were obtained. The results suggested that although mothers' employment showed small direct effects on their children's nutrient intakes, it can have a larger effect through foods-away-from home consumption.

A Study on Care Time of Mothers with Preschool Children with Developmental Disabilities (학령 전 발달장애 자녀를 둔 어머니의 양육시간과 관련 요인에 관한 연구)

  • Yang, Sim-Young;Kim, Yoo-Kyung
    • Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.75-91
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    • 2013
  • This study is focused on the amount of time spent on child care by mothers with preschool children with developmental disabilities. It is designed to find out how much time mothers spend taking care of their children and to identify related factors. The subjects of this study are 162 mothers of children with developmental disabilities residing in Seoul. The findings are as follows: First, mothers with preschool children with developmental disabilities spent 6 hours and 50 minutes per day caring for their children during weekdays and 6 hours and 10 minutes on weekend days. This is double the amount of time spent by the average mother with preschool children. Second, mothers spent much more time caring for their disabled children than they do for their children without disabilities. Third, determinants of a mother's time for caring their disabled child during weekdays were mother's employment, the number of children, and gender of the disabled child. On weekend days, determinants of mother's care time were the number of children and husband's help for childrearing.

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