• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.276-283
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• 2012

This study presents the results on the changes of crucible thermal conductivity and inflow of Ar, and constructed the mathematical model about heat transfer into furnace. As process variables, simulation model was designated thermal conductivity of crucible to $0.5W{\cdot}m^{-1}{\cdot}K^{-1}$, $1W{\cdot}m^{-1}{\cdot}K^{-1}$, $2W{\cdot}m^{-1}{\cdot}K^{-1}$, $4W{\cdot}m^{-1}{\cdot}K^{-1}$, and inflow rate of Ar to 15 L/min, 30 L/min, 60 L/min. Initial condition and boundary condition were set respectively in two terms of process. Each initial conditions were set up by the preceding simulation of heat and fluid flow. The primary goal is the application of unidirectional growth of Si ingot using the result. In the result of the change of heat conductivity of crucible, the higher thermal conductivity of crucible shows the shorter solidification time and the bigger temperature difference. And the flow patterns are changed with the inflow rate of Ar. Finally, we found that the lower crucible's thermal conductivity, the better crucible is at polycrystalline Si ingot growth. But in case of Ar inflow, it is hard to say about good condition. This data will be evaluated as useful reference used in allied study or process variable control of production facilities.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.135-145
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• 2000

Manufacturing Message Specification (MMS) is designed as a communication standard protocol, ISO/IEC 9506, on factory automation for messaging between heterogeneous programmable unit controller, PLC, NC, Robot, of different vendors on the networks. MMS is also a standard protocol of OSI reference model application layer, In this paper, we show an implementation of MMS over TCP/IP using ANSI-C programming language on the unix environment, and make java classification using java native interface (NJI) with MMS library. The use of java classification provides a basic environment ot overcome a difficult programming with different MMS application programming interface (MMS-I) which requires a siklled programming technique of graphic user interface (GUI). In this paper, we implement a MMS application program of the automated assembly model for printed circuit board based on WWW which shows the operation, control and monitoring of real manufacturing device (RMD) with web browser providing users for consistent user interface.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.35-43
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• 2016

Increasing the proportion of an embedded system in automotive industry, test methods for evaluation and fault detection of the embedded system have been researched. HILS is a test method that is used in the development and test of complex real-time embedded systems. In this study, we defined the HILS method of the ECU, one of the embedded systems used in automobiles. Our method is to create a test model that can provide a virtual vehicle environment to the ECU on the basis of the actual vehicle data. The test model has reference information that can transmit the sensor signal and CAN Message into the ECU from HILS tester. In this study, the HILS can detect faults of the target ECU.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.586-593
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• 2019

In this paper, we introduce the wood pellet electric power generation system, which is an eco - friendly solid fuel processed pure wood, which is one of the largest capacity renewable power fuels in Korea, The Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy notified the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism of the Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs of the Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs. Derived and validated. It is confirmed that the performance of the generator and the voltage control characteristics of excitation system are good even for the change of generator fuel. It can contribute to future reference at the plant that wants to replace fossil fuels with renewable fuels.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.105-117
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• 2023

Climate change and invasive alien plant species (IAPs) are having a significant impact on mountain ecosystems. The combination of climate change and socio-economic development is exacerbating the invasion of IAPs, which are a major threat to biodiversity loss and ecosystem functioning. Species distribution modelling has become an important tool in predicting the invasion or suitability probability under climate change based on occurrence data and environmental variables. MaxEnt modelling was applied to predict the current suitable distribution of most noxious weed A. adenophora (Spreng) R. King and H. Robinson and analysed the changes in distribution with the use of current (year 2000) environmental variables and future (year 2050) climatic scenarios consisting of 3 representative concentration pathways (RCP 2.6, RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5) in Bhutan. Species occurrence data was collected from the region of interest along the road side using GPS handset. The model performance of both current and future climatic scenario was moderate in performance with mean temperature of wettest quarter being the most important variable that contributed in model fit. The study shows that current climatic condition favours the A. adenophora for its invasion and RCP 2.6 climatic scenario would promote aggression of invasion as compared to RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 climatic scenarios. This can lead to characterization of the species as preferring moderate change in climatic conditions to be invasive, while extreme conditions can inhibit its invasiveness. This study can serve as reference point for the conservation and management strategies in control of this species and further research.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.586-606
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• 2024

The study was performed to determine the effect of faba bean protein isolate (FBPI) alone or in combination with microbial transglutaminase (MTG) on the rheological properties of pork myofibrillar protein gel (MPG), and physiochemical and textural properties of reduced-salt, low-fat pork model sausages (LFMSs). The cooking yields of MPGs with MTG or FBPI alone decreased and increased, respectively. However, the combination of FBPI and MTG was similar to the control (CTL) without FBPI or MTG. Gel strength values of MPG added with both FBPI and MTG were higher than treatments with FBPI or MTG alone. The hydrophobicity values of CTL were lower than those of MPG with FBPI alone, whereas the addition of MTG decreased the hydrophobicity of MPGs. The incorporation of FBPI alone or in combination with MTG decreased sulfhydryl groups (p<0.05). Shear stress values of MPGs with MTG tended to be higher than those of non-MTG treatments at all shear rates, and the addition of FBPI into MPGs increased shear stress values. Reduced-salt (1.0%) LFMSs with FBPI alone or combined with MTG had both lower cooking loss and expressible moisture values than those of CTL and similar values to the reference sample (REF, 1.5% salt). Textural properties of reduced-salt LFMSs with FBPI or MTG were similar to those of REF. These results demonstrated that the combination of FBPI and MTG could improve the water binding capacity and textural properties of pork MPGs and LFMSs and might be suitable for application in the development of healthier meat products.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.46 no.8
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• pp.965-970
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• 2017

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of gelatin type (powder vs. hydrated) with or without transglutaminase (TGase) on the physicochemical and textural properties of low-fat model sausages (LFS). Treatments included LFS (control), LFS with hydrated-gel form of gelatin (1%), and LFS with powder form of gelatin (1%). Yellowness values of LFS with any type of gelatin were higher than those without gelatin (P<0.05). Moisture content (%) of LFS containing powder form of gelatin (1%) was higher than those with hydrated-gel form of gelatin or control (P<0.05). Expressible moisture (EM, %) of LFS with hydrated-gel form of gelatin was lower than those with powder form of gelatin (P<0.05). Thus, sausages with hydrated-gel form of gelatin showed better functional properties as compared to those with powder form of gelatin. To elucidate the interaction between gelatin and TGase in meat product, five actual sausages were manufactured: reference [konjac flour (KF), carrageenan (CN), and soy protein isolate], control (KF and CN alone), TRT1 (KF and CN, TGase 1%), TRT2 (KF and CN, gelatin 1%), and TRT3 (KF and CN, TGase 1%+gelatin 1%). EM (%) of sausages with TGase alone was higher than those of other treatments (P<0.05). Most textural properties of TRT3 were higher than those of other treatments. Thus, TRT3 showed better functional properties than those with single addition. In conclusion, a combination of TGase and gelatin could be used to manufacture LFSs with improved functional and textural properties.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.149-169
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• 2009

Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control(IPPC) has become an idealistic environmental prevention concept in developed countries and corresponds with principles of Industrial Ecology. The concept of emissions regulatory integration is a key factor for an integrated environmental management system. While most EU member countries have a cross-media regulatory system, Korea has a media-specific regulatory system which was found to have significant environmental management problems. The purpose of this study is to integrate the emissions regulatory system by resolving difficulties through procedural, organizational, and substantive analysis of integration. To this end, the following research was performed: The first task was to determine the target of the integrated emissions regulatory system. In connection with this, the "IPPC directive" of the EU and the "PPCA 2000" schedule 1 of the UK, as well as environmental laws in Korea were compared and analyzed. The second was to design a regulatory system model. This model was divided into three groups after considerations were made regarding the time it would take for the pre-application,application, and permission stages. Lastly, on the basis of this research, a revised bill for an integrated emissions regulatory system was suggested. Nevertheless, substantive analysis of integration focused on BAT requires supplementation in order to make the integrated emissions regulation system operate normally as an environmental management policy and regulation method. To this end, the specific characteristics of Korean society, culture, and law should be actively considered.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.174-186
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• 1996

This study was carried out in order to understand the plan, design, constructing and actual condition of management of modernized horticultural facilities in Kyungpook Province which had been constructed from 1992 to 1995 funded by Government support. The aim of this study is to provide reference data for success of the forth project. It was performed by making up a question about driving of project and management condition of equipment after constructing. The results obtained from this study are as follows: 1. 73.5% of facilities horticulture farmhouse recognized that the prospect of greenhouse is bright, but 92.5% of the farmhouse also recognised that they need technical consultation on protected horticulture farming. Therefore, technical educations would must be enhanced about foundation of greenhouse and cultivation technique. 2. The holding times of explanatory meetings, cause of understanding to farmhouse, were one or two times in greenhouse construction, and 62.5% of the farmhouse expressed the insufficiency at the explanation and educational data. For this reason, it was judged that the construction contract had been delayed more than 5 months in 49.3% of the farmhouse after the decision of project budget. 3. In constructing after a contract, the rates of construction delay is 53.4% and defect occurrence is 41.1%. The biggest reasons of construction delay was insufficiency of worker and materials supply. Each percentage is 29.1%. And the reason of defect occurrence is badness of machinery equipment(62.9% ). 4. In management of greenhouse, a pipe-constructed plastic film greenhouse changes plastic film every one and three years because of sticking dust on plastic film. It was needed to about in cleaning technique of coverings. Because that used 3-5 years only half of the expected life span. 5. The order of broken rating in the subsidiary equipment is like this lollop ventilator (42.8%), a general control system(33.3%) especially, in the case of a general control system, the rate of all family can control is 52.7%. so, it is time to develop easy control equipment which every one could use as soon as possible. 6. When choose heat generator as decide capacity, the most priority is the mount of heat generator the percent is 45.5% heat generator and as decide model, the private purchase's percent is 77.3%. It is higher than a public bidding heat generator the percent is 22.7% heat generator when it compare with a public bidding. In the case of $CO_2$ generator, using rate is only 19.0%. The using rate is very low, so it needs education how to use depends on the way of the subsidiary equipment. 7. In the case of seedlings, it is asked to use factory-processed seedling effectively. because it's difficult to get security of labors(58.8%), hoped crops (55.9%) access same crops(29.4%) much more and changing of crops depends on market situation. that is the main reason the lack of knowhow.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.189-196
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• 2012

The heavy moderator acts as the ultimate heat-sink in an operating CANDU reactor. HUKINS has been developed to investigate moderator flow patterns. HUKINS consists of a 38.4-mm-thick cylindrical shell with a 0.95 m inner diameter and 88 sus-tubes that produce a total heat of 10 kW. A chemical visualization method was selected to estimate the occurrence of typical moderator flow patterns. Momentum-dominated flow, mixed flow, and buoyancy-dominated flow are detected under conditions of a heat load of 7.7 kW and input mass flow rates of 4, 7, and 11 L/min. The experimental results are similar to the results of a CFD simulation that consisted of approximately 1.9 million grids and was conducted using the k-${\varepsilon}$ turbulence model. Therefore, both the present experiments and simulations using HUKINS, a 1/8-scale model, represent all three important flow patterns expected in the real CANDU6 reference reactor. Thus, it has been demonstrated that HUKINS could be useful in the study of CANDU6 moderator circulation.