• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.543-550
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• 2018

해안도시에 건설하는 건축물의 콘크리트 배합은 환경조건에 따라 설계기준 압축강도로 제한하고 있으나 혼화재 혼입에 의해 염해 내구성이 급격히 향상되고 있음이 기존연구에서 명확히 되고 있으나 아직 규정에 반영되고 있지는 못한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 레미콘의 배합을 분석하고 비교 시험체 제작을 통하여 염해 내구성에 대한 건축구조기준을 만족시키면서 경제성을 가지는 결과를 도출하고자 하였다. 시판되는 레미콘의 경우 설계기준 압축강도 이상의 강도와 그에 따른 염소이온 차단성을 가지며 전 배합조건에 대해서 OPC 35MPa를 능가하는 성능을 확인할 수 있었다. 내구성 및 경제성을 동시에 달성하기 위해서 납품 전 사전배합을 실시하여 염해 저항성을 포함한 기본물성을 검토할 필요가 있다고 사료된다.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.386-391
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• 2003

Ready mixed mortar는 독일의 석회산업에서 시작하여 현재는 전 세계적으로 널리 사용되고 있으며, 최근에는 새로운 기능 을 갖는 ready mixed mortar에 대한 다수의 연구들이 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 시멘트 모르타르를 제조하기 위해서 모래 대신 맥반석을 골재로 사용하였으며, 이때 맥반석 자체 특성분석과 더불어 맥반석 골재를 사용한 모르타르의 특성을 연구하였다. 맥반석의 주요성분은 $SiO_2$와 $A1_2O_3$이었으며, 결정상은 quartz와 sillimanite로 구성되어 있었다. 맥반석은 다량의 기공을 포함하고 있었으며, 흡수율은 2.09% 이었다. 맥반석을 사용한 모르타르의 압축강도는 시멘트와 맥반석의 혼합비가 1:3 이하인 경우 KS 규격을 만족시키는 값을 나타내었고, 맥반석 함량이 증가함에 따라 보수성은 증가하였다. 또한 맥반석 함량이 증가함에 따라 원적외선 방사율과 탈취율은 증가하였고 열전도도는 감소하는 특성을 나타내었다.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2009년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회 산업계
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• pp.65-68
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• 2009

Recently, the knowledge access about concrete might be 2 methods. One is approach about advanced and new technical development through the institute journal, the other is construction technology which is using at construction fields. However, there is no research for the interrelationship between them. So, this paper investigates the demands on construction fields at the ready mixed concrete plants on the 4 cities, the characteristics of the products like the maximum size of coarse aggregate and slump, and the extension of market on the high strength and flow ability concrete in 2000 and 2008. Moreover, this study would like to propose the investigation about diversification of construction materials for the fine construction cultures and development of the ready mixed concrete to the engineers at the construction fields.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2004년도 학술대회지
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• pp.21-26
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• 2004

This study deals with the Hydrated Ability of the Ready-Mixed Concrete's Sludge which is the recycling technology of that sludge. The experiment gathers sludge from Ready-mixed factory. shatters these into pieces in dry condition and understands the differences between current using Portland cement. And then. this examines the possibility of the recycle as a bonding agent through the Compressive Strength and considers the recovery of the hydration. This experiment concludes the same Chemical Composition with the normal Portland cement. while. under the appropriate procedure in hydration recovery. this sludge can be used as the bonding agent in cement. The chemical composition of solid Remicon sludge shows that it has 1.8 times $SiO_2$ than the normal Portland cement. meaning lots of aggregate in Remicon sludge. Also. the specific gravity of Remicon sluge increases with the rise of Baking Temperature and has no difference between 2.77 and 2.94. The mortar flow used for combining the baking material of Remicon sludge does was not changed and is the highest between $750^{\circ}C{\cdot}120min\;and\;800^{\circ}C{\cdot}180min$. Additionally. the Compressive Strength increases with the age, certifying the same Hydrated Ability like cement and the best condition for hydration is $750^{\circ}C{\cdot}120min.$

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.85-92
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 붕소화합물을 혼입하여 제작한 모르타르의 특성에 대한 검토를 수행하였다. 사용된 붕소화합물은 pH 값에 따라 산성 및 약알칼리성, 강알칼리성으로 구분하여 선별한 것으로 산성 기반인 붕산(AA)과 약알칼리 기반의 붕사(AB), 강알칼리성인 붕사(HB)이다. 실험은 모르타르의 물리적 화학적 특성을 파악할 수 있는 pH 측정 및 응결 시험, 압축강도 시험을 수행하였으며 모르타르 내 미세구조 분석을 위해 SEM 촬영을 수행하였다. pH 측정 결과 붕소화합물을 혼입한 시험체 전반적으로 기본 모르타르보다 pH가 낮게 측정되었으며 시간이 지남에 따라 pH가 저하되는 양상을 보였다. 또한, 응결 시험에서도 기본 시험체보다 초결 및 종결 시점이 늦게 발생되었으며 알칼리도에 따라 응결 지연을 저감할 수 있다는 기존 문헌과 다소 다른 결과를 나타냈다. 압축 강도 및 SEM 촬영 결과, 붕소화합물의 종류 및 성분에 따라 강도 등의 물리적 성능이 결정되기 때문에 이를 고려하여 최적 혼입량을 결정하는 것이 바람직할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.468-481
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• 2011

This research presents a strategy and information system to manage the logistics of delivery ready mixed concrete (RMC) under the integrated environment of PMIS+RFID. PMIS is system tool and technique used in construction sectors to delivery information. Information that can be extracted electronically in real time is more valuable than data gathered and maintained manually. RFID technology can help to improve data accuracy through supply chains and by identifying products and objects at specific points through automatic identification. The objectives of these two implementations can be able to improve the efficiency of logistics management for RMC truck process, and to verify the technical and practical feasibility of PMIS+RFID application in construction industry. This may be realistic given the dynamics of daily activities on construction sites. This research is focused on examples on real world case study, applications and research theme related and connected to PMIS+RFID technology. It demonstrated that PMIS+RFID technology has been automatically implemented and has shown process information about the RMC truck and the overall status information about it, both quickly and accurately. As a result, the construction site where needs 300 $m^3$ pouring (50 RMC trucks) per day can be reduced total 250 minutes. Moreover, this time saving is related to the labour cost saving. From the case studies, RFID+PMIS system was proven in terms of effectiveness rather than current method.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.369-379
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• 2020

Reduction of disposal of waste materials due to construction demolition has become a great concern in recent decades. The research work presents the hardened properties of concrete where the partial substitution of recycled coarse aggregate with natural aggregate in amount of 0%, 10%, 30% and 50%. By using different mixed proportions, fresh and hardened properties of concrete were conducted for this investigation. These properties were compared with control concrete. It can be seen that all of the hardened properties of concrete were decreased with the increasing percentage of recycled aggregate in concrete mixes. It was noticed that up to 30% recycled aggregate replacement can be yielded the optimum strength when it used in normal concrete. Finally, it can be said that disposed recycled concrete utilizing as a partial replacement in natural aggregate is a great way to reuse and reduce environmental hazards which achieve sustainability approach in the construction industry.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.577-586
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• 2017

One of the major sources causing eutrophication and algal blooms of lakes or streams is phosphorus which comes from point and nonpoint pollution sources. HAP (hydroxyapatite) crystallization using granular alkaline materials can achieve the decrease of phosphorus load from wastewater treatment plants and nonpoint pollution control facilities. In order to induce HAP crystal formation, continuous supply of calcium and hydroxyl ions is required. In this research, considering HAP crystallization, several types of lime-based granular alkaline materials were prepared, and the elution characteristics of calcium and hydroxyl ions of each were analyzed. Also, column tests were performed to verify phosphorus removal efficiencies of granular alkaline materials. Material_1 (gypsum+cement mixed material) achieved the highest pH values in the column tests consistently, also, Material_2 (gypsum+slag mixed material) and Material_3 (calcined limestone material) achieved over pH 9.0 for 240 hours (10 days) and proved the efficiencies of long-term ion supplier for HAP crystallization. In the column tests using Material_3, considerable pH increase and phosphorus removal were carried out according to each linear velocity and filtration depth. T-P removal efficiencies were 87.0, 84.0, 68.0% and those of PO4-P 100.0, 97.0, 80.0% for linear velocity of 1.0, 2.5, 5.0 m/hr respectively. Based on the column test results, the applicability of phosphorus removal processes for small-scale wastewater treatment plants and nonpoint pollution control facilities was found out.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.54-65
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• 1994

This research carried out to investigate the effects of inorganic materials in paper sludge on the thermal degradation and of paper sludge addition on physical and mechanical properties of paper sludge-wood particle mixed boards in comparison with unmodified particleboards. Also these unmodified particleboards and paper sludge-wood particle mixed boards were soaked in aqueous solutions of fire-retardant chemicals(diammonium phosphate and zinc chloride), and their fire retardancy were tested by oxygen index method and ISO ignition test to determine the feasibility of paper sludge, industrial waste, as a recyclable resource in fabrication of fire-resisting panels for building material. Since the redrying of fire-retardant treated particleboards and paper sludge-wood particle mixed boards were made by press drying method, this process was a simple and effective method. On the other hand, flexural bending strength and internal bonding strength were also analysed to evaluate mechanical properties through standard method.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.423-441
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• 2014

The high frequency base balance (HFBB) technique is a convenient and relatively fast wind tunnel testing technique for predicting wind-induced forces for tall building design. While modern tall building design has seen a number architecturally remarkable buildings constructed recently, the characteristics of those buildings are significantly different to those that were common when the HFBB technique was originally developed. In particular, the prediction of generalized forces for buildings with 3-dimensional mode shapes has a number of inherent uncertainties and challenges that need to be overcome to accurately predict building loads and responses. As an alternative to the more conventional application of general mode shape correction factors, an analysis methodology, referred to as the linear-mode-shape (LMS) method, has been recently developed to allow better estimates of the generalized forces by establishing a new set of centers at which the translational mode shapes are linear. The LMS method was initially evaluated and compared with the methods using mode shape correction factors for a rectangular building, which was wind tunnel tested in isolation in an open terrain for five incident wind angles at $22.5^{\circ}$ increments from $0^{\circ}$ to $90^{\circ}$. The results demonstrated that the LMS method provides more accurate predictions of the wind-induced loads and building responses than the application of mode shape correction factors. The LMS method was subsequently applied to a tall building project in Hong Kong. The building considered in the current study is located in a heavily developed business district and surrounded by tall buildings and mixed terrain. The HFBB results validated the versatility of the LMS method for the structural design of an actual tall building subjected to the varied wind characteristics caused by the surroundings. In comparison, the application of mode shape correction factors in the HFBB analysis did not directly take into account the influence of the site specific characteristics on the actual wind loads, hence their estimates of the building responses have a higher variability.