• Journal of The Korean Society of Emergency Medicine
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.636-640
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• 2018

Objective: Central venous catheter (CVC) misplacement can result in incorrect readings of the central venous pressure, vascular erosion, and intravascular thrombosis. Several studies have examined the correlation between the guidewire J-tip direction and misplacement rate. This study examined whether the guidewire J-tip direction (cephalad vs. caudad) affects the misplacement rate in right subclavian venous catheterization. Methods: This prospective randomized controlled study was conducted between February 2016 and February 2017. The subjects were divided into two groups (cephalad group vs. caudad group) and the misplacement rate was compared according to guidewire J-tip direction in each group. Results: Of 100 patients, the cephalad and caudad groups contained 50 patients each. The age, sex, and operator experience were similar in the two groups. In the cephalad group, misplacement of CVC insertion into the ipsilateral internal jugular vein occurred in two cases. In the caudad group, misplacement of CVC insertion into the contralateral subclavian vein occurred in one case, with loop formation in the brachiocephalic trunk in one case. Guidewire J-tip direction showed no significant correlation with CVC misplacement. Conclusion: The guidewire J-tip direction does not influence the rate of misplacement.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.147-166
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• 2006

This study investigates the effect of misplacement in a written Computer-delivered ESL Placement Test (CEPT) context. The study aims to address the following two research questions: a) which scoring rubric features cause the misplacement of ESL learner's writing scores? and b) which scoring rubric features improve ESL learner's writing scores? Thirty-four international examinees took the test and participated in surveys at the University of Illinois. Twelve examinees of them attended the CEPT workshop test. In the workshop test, they carried out self-evaluation on their first essays using a scoring rubric and compared with expert raters' results. After the workshop, the examinees responded to a survey and interview. For the first research question, the results of the survey and interview addressed that the majority disagreed with the raters' rating results. The self-evaluation results also indicated that their misunderstanding of organization feature caused the misplacement. For the second question, the CEPT workshop scores were improved due to the score improvement in the organization feature while the contribution of other features to the total scores was little. Most of the examinees pointed out that a lesson on the scoring rubric enhanced their understanding of the writing features of the rubric so that their placement scores were generally improved.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.330-336
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• 2022

This paper proposes a method to calibrate the electrode misplacement in underwater electric field sensor arrays (EFSAs) for accurate measurements of underwater electric field signatures. The electrode misplacement of an EFSA was estimated by measuring the electric field signatures generated by a known electric source and by comparing the measurements with the theoretical calculations under similar measurement conditions. When the EFSA measured the electric field signatures induced by an unknown electric source, the electric properties of the unknown electric source were approximated by considering the optimized estimation of the electrode misplacement of the EFSA. Finally, the measured electric field signatures were calibrated by calculating the theoretical electric field signatures to be measured with an ideally installed EFSA without electrode misplacement; the approximated electric properties of the unknown electric source were also taken into account. Simulations were conducted to test the proposed calibration method. The results showed that the electrode misplacement could be estimated. Further, the electric field measurements and the electric field-based localization of underwater vessels became more accurate after the application of the proposed calibration method. The proposed method will contribute to applications such as the detection and localization of underwater electric sources, which require accurate measurements of underwater electric field signatures.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.236-240
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to propose a novel high sensitivity neuro-PET design. The improvement of sensitivity in neuro-PET is important because it can reduce scan time and/or radiation dose. In this study, we proposed a novel PET detector design that combined conical shape detector with cylindrical one to obtain high sensitivity. The sensitivity as a function of the oblique angle and the ratio of the conical to cylindrical portion was estimated to optimize the design of brain PET using Monte Carlo simulation tool, GATE. An axial sensitivity and misplacement rate by penetration of ${\gamma}$ rays were also estimated to evaluate the performance of the proposed PET. The sensitivity was improved by 36% at the center of axial FOV. This value was similar to the calculated value. The misplacement rate of conical shaped PET was about 5% higher than the conventional PET. The results of this study demonstrated the conical detector proposed in this study could provide subsequent improvement in sensitivity which could allow to design high sensitivity PET for brain imaging.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.42-44
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• 1989

The present case of acute and severe pneumothorax during celiac plexus block appears to be an extremely rare occurrence. In this case, the rudimentary 12th rib in addition to the sacralization of the 5th lumber vertebra are the most likely causes of the inadvertent misplacement of the needle.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.31-35
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• 2022

Recently, with the 4th industrial revolution, the demand for high-density semiconductors for large-capacity data processing is increasing. Researchers are interested in researching the reliability of surface mount technology (SMT). In this study, the effect of PCB pad design on assembly and adhesion reliability of passive component was analyzed using design of experiment (DOE). The DOE method was established using the pad length, width, and distance between pads of the PCB as variables. The assembly defect rate of the passive element after the reflow process was derived according to the misplacement direction of the chip resistor. The shear force between the passive element and the PCB was measured using shear tests. In addition, the shape of the solder according to the pad design was analyzed through cross-sectional analysis.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.16-20
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• 2014

Objective : Two-dimensional fluoroscopy-based computerized navigation for the placement of pedicle screws offers the advantage of using stored patient-specific imaging data in providing real-time guidance during screw placement. The study aimed to describe the accuracy and reliability of a fluoroscopy-based navigation system for pedicle screw insertion. Methods : A total of 477 pedicle screws were inserted in the lower back of 96 consecutive patients between October 2007 and June 2012 using fluoroscopy-based computer-assisted surgery. The accuracy of screw placement was evaluated using a sophisticated computed tomography protocol. Results : Of the 477 pedicle screws, 461 (96.7%) were judged to be inserted correctly. Frank screw misplacement [16 screws (3.3%)] was observed in 15 patients. Of these, 8 were classified as minimally misplaced (${\leq}2mm$); 3, as moderately misplaced (2.1-4 mm); and 5, as severely misplaced (>4 mm). No complications, including nerve root injury, cerebrospinal fluid leakage, or internal organ injury, were observed in any of the patients. Conclusion : The accuracy of pedicle screw placement using a fluoroscopy-based computer navigation system was observed to be superior to that obtained with conventional techniques.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.285-290
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• 1997

Horner's syndrome is a well-recognized complication of regional analgesia of neck and shoulder region, and not often a complication of lumbar or low thoracic epidural block. Recently we experienced right Horner's syndrome accompanying paralysis of right upper extremity following lumbar epidural block in for an obstetric patient. Epidurography and MRI was performed to clarify the cause of unilateral high epidural block and cervical sympathetic block. Radiologic study demonstrated a loop formation of the epidural catheter and tip of catheter was located in right anterior epidural spaced(L1-2). The initial epidurogram revealed unilateral spreading of dye in the cervical region in right epidural space. A second epidurogram, 10 minutes following, showed dye filling in left epidural space, however spread of dye in left side was limited to lumbar and low thoracic region. We concluded the most probable cause of this unilateral high epidural block was due to misplacement of the catheter into the anterior epidural space.

• Journal of Drive and Control
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.1-7
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• 2019

The reach truck, which is mainly used in warehouses, is required to have high-mast to improve its working efficiency and space utilization. The high-mast takes advantage of more vertical space but severe vibrations are easily generated at the end of the high-mast. These vibrations may cause a collision or misplacement of loading location at work. In this study, the vibration characteristics of a three-stage high-mast of a reach truck are analyzed, and an active vibration controller verified through a similar experiment is designed to reduce this vibration. A similar experiment for reach truck mast verifies the performance of the active vibration controller. By applying an active vibration controller designed for a real reach truck, the operations of the reach truck are made more efficient through the reduction of the vibration amplitude.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.161-174
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• 2022

Foreign body aspiration can produce a medical emergency. Obstruction of the airways can be life-threatening, and complications may develop in less-severe cases if it is left untreated. Although it is more prevalent in children by approximately three times, adults can still experience it, and it is more frequently related to healthcare in adults. Objects used in dental treatment are usually placed in the oral cavity and can be ingested or inhaled by accident. Dental treatment has been identified as an important cause of the misplacement of foreign bodies in the airway. However, few reports have been published on dentistry-related foreign body aspiration. This paper discusses the disease course, management, and clinical outcomes of foreign body aspiration, especially those associated with dentistry. The patient must be examined for respiratory distress. If the patient is unstable, urgent airway management and the maneuvers for removal should be performed. Radiographs and computed tomography can help identify and locate the object. The treatment of choice is often bronchoscopy, and both flexible and rigid endoscopes can be used depending on the situation. Preventive measures need to be implemented to avoid inhalation accidents given the potential consequences. Though the incidence is rare, healthcare levels need to be enhanced to avert morbidity and mortality. Radiological evaluation and bronchoscopy are vital for management.