• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.78-82
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• 1992

The dikaryon of Trimorphonzycc,.~ papilioncicc.ous, one of basidiornycetous yeast needed thiamine as a growth factor and required relatively simple nutrient components. This organism grem best at 25$^{\circ}$C. anci showed broad pH range (pH 4.0-7.0). It was groM,n in liquid minimal media with various carbon sources and they could be classilied into 3 groups as follows. Glucose. fructose. mannose, sucrose and xylose (A gi.oup) supportecl good growth (>OD 0.8), and showed poor laccase activity (less than 1.5 u'mg protein). Galactose and gluconate (B group) showed moderate growth (01) 0.3-0.6). and hail moderatc crlzyrne activity (4-6u). Arabinosc. lactose. maltose ant1 pyruvate (C 5roup) showed poor growth (OD 0.1-0.2). and showed high enzyme activity (higher than 8 u). Kibosc, acetate. citrate. lactate and oxaloacetate showed no growth. When the yeast was grown in a medium which had two carbon sources (glucose and arabinose). laccase was regul;~tecl by the cutahoiitc repression.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.225-230
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• 2011

A bacterium producing the extracellular mannanase and xylanase was isolated from Korean farm soil by successive subcultures in a minimal medium supplemented with palm kernel meal (PKM) and rice bran. The isolate YB-1106 showed 98% similarity with Microbacterium arabinogalactanolyticum on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequences. The additional carbohydrates including locust bean gum (LBG) and PKM increased the mannanase productivity of the YB-1106, while the xylanase productivity of the isolate was increased by wheat bran, oat spelt xylan, rice bran and xylose. Particularly, maximum mannanase and xylanase activities were obtained in the culture filtrate of tryptic soy broth supplemented with 1% LBG or 2% wheat bran, respectively. Both enzyme activities were produced at stationary growth phase. The mannanase of culture supernatant was the most active at $50^{\circ}C$ and pH 6.0, while xylanase of culture supernatant was the most active at $55^{\circ}C$ and pH 6.5. The predominant products resulting from the mannanase or xylanase hydrolysis were oligosaccharides for LBG or xylan, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Near Infrared Spectroscopy Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.1171-1171
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• 2001

Quantitative analysis is an important requirement in exploration, mining and processing of minerals. There is an increasing need for the use of quantitative mineralogical data to assist with bore hole logging, deposit delineation, grade control, feed to processing plants and monitoring of solid process residues. Quantitative analysis using X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRD) requires fine grinding and the addition of a reference material, or the application of Rietveld analysis to XRD patterns to provide accurate analysis of the suite of minerals present. Whilst accurate quantitative data can be obtained in this manner, the method is time consuming and limited to the laboratory. Mid infrared when combined with multivariant analysis has also been used for quantitative analysis. However, factors such as the absorption coefficients and refractive index of the minerals requires special sample preparation and dilution in a dispersive medium, such as KBr to minimize distortion of spectral features. In contrast, the lower intensity of the overtones and combinations of the fundamental vibrations in the near infrared allow direct measurement of virtually any solid without special sample preparation or dilution. Thus Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIR) has found application for quantitative on-line/in line analysis and control in a range of processing applications which include, moisture control in clay and textile processing, fermentation processes, wheat analysis, gasoline analysis and chemicals and polymers. It is developing rapidly in the mineral exploration industry and has been underpinned by the development of portable NIR spectrometers and spectral libraries of a wide range of minerals. For example, iron ores have been identified and characterized in terms of the individual mineral components using field spectrometers. Data acquisition time of NIR field instruments is of the order of seconds and sample preparation is minimal. Consequently these types of spectrometers have great potential for in-line or on-line application in the minerals industry. To demonstrate the applicability of NIR field spectroscopy for quantitative analysis of minerals, a specific example on the quantification of lateritic bauxites will be presented. It has been shown that the application of Partial Least Squares regression analysis (PLS) to the NIR spectra can be used to quantify chemistry and mineralogy in a range of lateritic bauxites. Important, issues such as sampling, precision, repeatability, and replication which influence the results will be discussed.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.154-159
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• 1992

Forniation ancl ~regcncration oi' conitlial pro1oplast of Pc, ti~i.rlli~in~~~ c~rr~~culo.hryupmel.- - czllulolytic Ihngus. were examined. By using Novozyme 134(1'!/0 w/c) as a cell wall lytic enzyme. the highest yield of protopl;~sts exceeding 501%, war obtained from the qwollen conidiosporcs preincubatrd in the minimal medium containing 2-tleoxy-D-glucose(2-UC;. 75 pglml) for 10-11 11. No protoplast were obtained horn dormant spores. The regeneration frequency of the protoplasts was 49.2'!11. which was higher than that of mycclium originated protoplast (4.6-17.X1X, . in 0.6 M MgS04. pH 5.6). 'l'lie best osmotic stahilizcr ror the isoaltion and regcueration of thc protoplast was 0.6 M iimmonium sulfatc and 0.6 M magnesiuni sulfhte. respectively. 'I'lie process of the protoplast isolaiton l'ro~n swollen cnnirliospore ancl regeneration ha\, ing two pattcrns from protoplast were obsen'etl through light microscope.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.207-212
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• 1992

To develope the new strains of microorganisms having the degradative ability for various aromatic hydrocarbons. spheroplast cell fusions were performed with Arthrobacter spp. degrading phthalate ester and Pseudomonas putida degrading alkylbenzen sulfonate(ABS) and the characteristics of the fusants were investigated. The spheroplasts of P. putia KUD15 and Arthrobacter sp. were formed effectively by lysozyme-EDTA treatment and by Ampicillin-lysozyme-EDTA treatment. respectively. The Spheroplast formation frequency and the regeneration frequency of the strains were 98-99% and 5-8%, respectively. For cell fusion. 40% PEG6000 was used as a fusogenic agent and the formation frequencies of fusion product were $1.8{\times}10^{4}-$2.9{\times}10^{4}$ Most of the fusants, which were selected in complemented antibiotics media showed the degradative ability in minimal selective medium added phthalate ester or ABS as sole carbon source. ABS degradation by fusant strain was increased about 20% with compared with the parental strain, while the degradative ability of phthalate ester was simillilar to that of parental strain.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.79-89
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• 2018

This study aims at evaluating the characteristics and the preference on the sign design in the industrial heritages space. The research were performed by the process of literature review, case study, and survey of questionnaire. Seven industrial heritage space in Korea and China regenerated as art and cultural space after 2000 were selected and evaluated by 6 criteria including integrity, continuity, simplicity, aesthetics, legibility and historic aspects. The findings were the following. First, the six criteria factors were evaluated as the similar scores in the assessment of 7 sites without extremity. Simplicity was the highest score while historicality was the lowest one. It means that the characteristics of the sign systems of the heritage sites were focused on the simple, contemporary and effective design. Second, integrity, continuity, aesthetics, legibility were evaluated as the medium score in the sign design. While, in the evaluation on the aesthetics the score differences were comparatively high. Sanhai M50 which got the highest score showed the integrity of contrast using yellow and grey color with minimal design. However, Sanghai M50 got the lowest score in the historic aspects and was evaluated as the most favorite sign design in the preference. It means that the historic aspects have no direct relationship with the preference for the sign design. It shows that the effectiveness with integrity and the aesthetic aspects are considered more importantly than the application of the historic identity of the site in sign design.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.49-53
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• 2015

Eight isoflavonoid compounds were isolated from the EtOAc fraction of Maackia amurensis which had shown the highest anti-Helicobacter pylori activity among the fractions, using medium pressure liquid chromatography and recrystallization. Based on the spectroscopic data including $^1H$-NMR, $^{13}C$-NMR, HMBC and MS data, the chemical structures of the isolates were determined to be (-)-medicarpin (1), afromosin (2), formononetin (3), tectorigenin (4), prunetin (5), wistin (6), tectoridin (7) and ononin (8). Anti-H. pylori activity of each compound was evaluated with broth dilution assay. As a result, (-)-medicarpin (1), tectorigenin (4) and wistin (6) showed anti-H. pylori activity. (-)-Medicarpin (1) exhibited the most potent growth inhibitory activity against H. pylori with the minimal inhibitory concentration $(MIC)_{90}$ of $25{\mu}M$, and tectorigenin (4) with $MIC_{90}$ of $100{\mu}M$ ranked the second. This is the first study to show the anti-H. pylori activity of M. amurensis, and it is suggested that the stem bark of M. amurensis or the EtOAc fraction or the isolated compounds can be a new natural source for the treatment of H. pylori infection.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 1992

CHSE(Chinook Salmon Embryo)-214 fish cell lines was cultured in Eagle's minimal medium (MEM) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 2mM-glutamin. Optimum growth temperature of CHSE-214 cell line was $20^{\circ}C$. Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus(IPNV) was successfuly multiplied and showed the cytopathic effect in CHSE-214 cell line. Infection symptom of IPNV was observed with inverted phase contrast microscopy. At 6h-12hrs post-infection, the cells infected with IPNV were similer to normal cells. At 18-24hrs post-infection, the cells were somewhat round form and a little swollen form than normal cells. At 30hs post-infection, the cells were becoming more abnormal cells. At 48-68 post-infection, the infected cells were lysed and showed the severe cytopathic effect.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.204-211
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• 2011

To yield high concentrations of protein expressed by genetically modified Escherichia coli, it is important that the bacterial strains are cultivated to high cell density in industrial bioprocesses. Since the expressed target protein is mostly accumulated inside the E. coli cells, the cellular product formation can be directly correlated to the bacterial biomass concentration. The typical way to determine this concentration is to sample offline. Such manual sampling, however, wastes time and is not efficient for acquiring direct feedback to control a fedbatch fermentation. An E. coli K12-derived strain was cultivated to high cell density in a pressurized stirred bioreactor on a pilot scale, by detecting biomass concentration online using a capacitance probe. This E. coli strain was grown in pure minimal medium using two carbon sources (glucose and glycerol). By applying exponential feeding profiles corresponding to a constant specific growth rate, the E. coli culture grew under carbon-limited conditions to minimize overflow metabolites. A high linearity was found between capacitance and biomass concentration, whereby up to 85 g/L dry cell weight was measured. To validate the viability of the culture, the oxygen transfer rate (OTR) was determined online, yielding maximum values of 0.69 mol/l/h and 0.98mol/l/h by using glucose and glycerol as carbon sources, respectively. Consequently, online monitoring of biomass using a capacitance probe provides direct and fast information about the viable E. coli biomass generated under aerobic fermentation conditions at elevated headspace pressures.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.176-183
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• 2010

Endosulfan degrading ability of Klebsiella oxytoca KE-8 immobilized by entrapment with activated carbon was examined. Endosulfan degradation by the immobilized bacterial strains on several different activated carbon based support materials was investigated. Based on results, activated carbon ($8\times30$ mesh) was chosen as a support material. The immobilized Klebsiella oxytoca KE-8 with the cell density of 4 mg $g^{-1}$ (dry weight) degraded 22.18 ug $ml^{-1}$ endosulfan within 5 days at pH 7.0, $30^{\circ}C$ in batch shake flask cultures. Also, we an experimented recycle packed bed column mode and continuous packed bed column mode for endosulfan degradation. Under optimum operation condition, the immobilized cells in a laboratory scale pack bed column with support beads were able to degrade endosulfan completely in defined minimal salt medium at a maximum rate of 129.6 ug $ml^{-1}$ per day. Moreover, the endosulfan degradation activity could be demonstrated at $4^{\circ}C$ for one month without significant decrease in activity. Results of this study suggest that immobilized cells of Klebsiella oxytoca KE-8 might be applicable to endosulfan contaminated site.