• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.51-53
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• 2007

Ginseng shows protective and trophic effects in neurodegenerative diseases in experimental models, and showed cognitive improvement in normal population. To investigate the efficacy of ginseng in patients with Alzheimer's disease, patients, who met NINDS-ADRDA criteria for AD were studied Subjects were randomly assigned to ginseng group and control group, and ginseng group was treated with Korean white ginseng powder (4.5 g/day) for 12 weeks. Efficacy variables included changes in mini-mental status exam (MMSE) and cognitive subscales of Alzheimer's disease assessment scale (ADAS-cog) at 4 weeks and 12 weeks. Baseline MMSE and ADAS scores showed no difference between the two groups. Results showed that ginseng improved ADAS-cog compared to the control group at 12 weeks (p<0.05). MMSE was also increased by ginseng treatment compared to the control at 12 weeks (p<0.01). This study suggests the symptomatic efficacy of ginseng in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

• 대한지역사회작업치료학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.37-47
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• 2012

목적 : 본 연구는 요양원에서 휠체어를 타고 생활하고 있는 노인에게 ROM dance가 인지 기능과 신경정신 행동에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보는 것이다. 연구방법 : 본 연구는 대전 ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$요양원에 거주하고 휠체어를 사용하는 15명을 대상으로 하였으며, 2010년 3월부터 2010년 8월까지 주 1회 총 18회 실시하였다. 평가도구는 인지기능을 알아보기 위해서 Mini-Mental State Examination-Korean(MMESE-K)를 사용하였고, 신경정신행동을 알아보기 위해서 Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Questionnaire(NPI-Q)를 사용하였다. 결과 : MMSE-K 검사 결과 초기평가에서는 14.6점에서 ROM dance를 한 후에 16.3점으로 향상되었으며, 특히 MMSE-K의 항목 중 시간에 대한 지남력에서 유의미한 차이가 있었다(p<.05) NPI-Q검사에서는 초기평가에서 88점에서 64점으로 감소되었음을 볼 수 있었으며, 수면/야간행동, 무감동/무관심 영역에서 유의미하게 차이가 있었다(p<.05). 결론 : 본 연구의 결과 휠체어를 이용하는 노인에게 ROM dance는 인지기능 향상과 신경 정신 행동의 감소에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것을 볼 수 있었다. 향후 휠체어를 사용하는 노인 뿐만 아니라 많은 노인에게 적용하여 그 효과가 검증된다면 임상에서 유용하게 활용 될 수 있을 것이다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.777-786
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• 2020

Background: This study is a report on a case of a Wernicke's encephalopathy with quadriplegia, ataxia, and impaired cognition, whose condition was improved by Korean medicine treatment. Case report: A 51-year-old man diagnosed with Wernicke's encephalopathy was treated with acupuncture, Banhabakchulchunma-tang mixed with Ondam-tang-gami (半夏白朮天麻湯合溫膽湯加味), cupping, moxibustion, and rehabilitation. Clinical symptoms were measured with the Manual Muscle Test (MMT), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Korean Mini Mental Status Exam (K-MMSE), Functional Independence Measure (FIM), Modified Barthel Index (MBI), and a numeric rating scale (NRS). After 22 days of treatment, his clinical symptoms showed improvement. The motor function improved (MMT Rt. side Gr. 4+G/4+G, Lt. side Gr. 4G/4+G → Rt. side Gr. 5-N/4+G, Lt. side Gr. 5-N/4+G), Ataxia was relieved (BBS 3→33), cognition improved (K-MMSE 15→27), ADL scores showed improvement (FIM 58→90, MBI 40→75), and the NRS score decreased for headache (3→0). Conclusion: Korean medicine treatment could be effective in the treatment of patients with Wernicke's encephalopathy.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.904-915
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• 2021

This study is a case report of Korean medicine treatment for a patient with quadriplegia and impaired cognition as neurological sequelae after ingestion of herbicides. A 59-year-old man with toxic encephalopathy and hypoxic encephalopathy after the ingestion of herbicides was treated with acupuncture, Hyulbuchuko-tang mixed with Ondam-tang-gami (血府逐瘀湯合溫膽湯加味), cupping, moxibustion, and rehabilitation. Clinical symptoms were measured with the Manual Muscle Test (MMT), Korean Mini Mental Status Exam (K-MMSE), Functional Independence Measure (FIM), and Modified Barthel Index (MBI). After three months of treatment, clinical symptoms improved. The motor function improved (MMT on both sides, Gr. 3+F/4G→Gr. 4-G~4G/4+G), cognition improved (K-MMSE, 13→21), and ADL (Activities of Daily Living) scores also improved (FIM 41→74; MBI 20→63). Korean medical treatment could effectively treat neurological sequelae after ingestion of herbicides in this case.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.77-85
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• 2023

Objective: This clinical study describes the effect of Korean medicine on a post-traumatic hydrocephalus patient complaining of gait disturbance and dementia. Case presentation: A post-traumatic hydrocephalus patient complaining of gait disturbance and dementia was treated with herbal medicine, acupuncture, moxibustion, and cupping. Clinical symptoms were measured with the Korean Mini Mental Status Exam (K-MMSE), Functional Independence Measure (FIM), and Modified Barthel Index (MBI). After treatment, the patient showed improved K-MMSE, FIM, and MBI scores. Conclusion: This clinical case study provides evidence of the effect of Korean medicine on a post-traumatic hydrocephalus patient complaining of gait disturbance and dementia.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.306-313
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• 2023

Background: As social problems due to the acceleration of the aging era and the increase in the elderly population are becoming serious, virtual reality (VR)-based healthcare is emerging as an approach for preventing and managing health issues. Objects: This study used validity and reliability analyses to examine the clinical efficacy that is, the clinical value and usability of a novel VR cognitive evaluation system index that we developed. Methods: We developed a VR cognitive evaluation system based on motion recognition analysis evaluation for individuals aged 65 to 85. After conducting the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Exam (K-MMSE) cognitive evaluation, the evaluation score was verified through correlation analysis in the VR cognitive evaluation system. To verify the construct validity of the two groups, the Global Deterioration Scale (GDS) grades were categorized into a normal cognitive group (GDS grade 1) and a cognitive impairment group (GDS grades 2 and 3). The data were measured twice to determine the reliability between the two measurements and assess the stability and clinical value of the evaluation system. Results: Our evaluation system had a high correlation of 0.85 with the widely used K-MMSE cognitive evaluation. The system had strong criterion-related validity at the 95% confidence interval. Compared to the average score of GDS grade 1 in the VR cognitive evaluation system, the average score of GDS grades 2 and 3 in the VR cognitive evaluation system was statistically significantly lower while also having strong construct validity at the 95% confidence interval. To measure the reliability of the VR cognitive evaluation system, tests-retests were conducted using the intraclass correlation coefficient (3,1), which equaled 0.923 and was statistically significant. Conclusion: The VR cognitive evaluation system we developed is a valid and reliable clinical tool to distinguish between normal cognitive status and mild cognitive impairment.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.101-107
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• 2003

Objectives : Dementia has emerged as a leading public health problem in elderly persons, and its early detection is important for the treatment of curable cases, and in the educational support for other family members. Although dementia screening tests are available, they have not gained widespread use in community or primary care settings. Our goal was to validate the Tine and Change (T&C) Test, -including its validity and reliability in patients, and to assess it as a simple, standardized method for the screening of dementia in the rural elderly. Methods : The participants in this study comprised of 59 patients from an urban hospital and 405 persons from a rural community aged 65 years or older. The time test evaluated the understanding of clock hands indicating 11:10, and the change test the ability to make 1,000 Won from a group of coins, consisting of one 500, seven 100, and seven 50 Won coins. The T&C ratings were validated against a reference standard based on the physician's diagnosis of the patients. The convergent validity in relation to other cognitive measure, test-retest agreement, and inter-observer reliability were assessed. To assess the relationship between the Korean Mini-Mental State Exam (K-MMSE) and the T&C Test, the mean K-MMSE scores were compared with the results of the T&C Test in the elderly from a rural community. Results The T&C Test had a sensitivity and specificity of 73.0, and 90.9%, and positive and negative predictive values of 93.1, and 66.7%, respectively. The test-retest and inter-observer agreement rates were both 95%. The K-MMSE scores and T&C Test were significantly related in the elderly from a rural community (p<0.01), The T&C Test was not influenced by the educational status. The Time and Change Tests took a mean of 6.3 and 12.7 seconds, respectively, to complete Conclusion : The T&C Test is a simple, accurate and reliable, performance-based tool in the screening for dementia. Because it is quick, and easy-to-use, it is hoped the T&C Test will be used for the widespread cognitive screening of aging populations.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.85-98
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• 2000

1) 성기능장애 빈도는 정신분열병 환자군이 80%로 대조군 42%에 비해 유의하게 높았다(p<0.001). 성반응 주기에 따른 장애유형은 성적욕망장애 76%, 발기장애 75%, 발기유지장애 75%, 성적극치감의 질적감소 61%, 지루 50%, 사정시 정액량의 감소 44% 순서로 많았다. 성적극치감 횟수의 감소는 32%로 다른 장애유형에 비해 적었으며, 조루를 호소하는 경우도 15%나 되었다. 2) PRL 및 5-HT 측정치는 환자군에서 $28.5{\pm}20.6ng/ml$, $298.5{\pm}89.1ng/ml$으로서 대조군 $10{\pm}5.6ng/ml$, $169.2{\pm}37.8ng/ml$보다 유의하게 높았다(p<0.001). TST 측정치는 환자군이 $4.3{\pm}1.5ng/ml$, 대조군이 $4.5{\pm}1.2ng/ml$로 양군 모두 유의한 차이가 없었다. 3) 성기능장애를 증가시키는 변인은 결혼(미혼), 초발연령, 이병기간, 입원기간, 총약물투여기간 그리고 5-HT 측정치이었다. 특히 5-HT 비정상치군이 정상치군보다 성기능장애가 유의하게 높았다. 그러나 연령, 교육연한, 종교, 경제상태, PRL 및 TST 측정치, 항정신병약물용량, 약물역가, benztropine, ACSE, CGI, BPRS, PANSS, PANSS-CF, MMSE-K 점수와 성기능장애와는 무관하였다. 성기능장애는 정신분열병군에서 높았고, 성기능장애 유형별로는 성적욕망장애와 발기장애가 많았다. 미혼이거나, 초발연령이 높을수록, 질병에 이환된 기간이 길수록, 5-HT 농도가 높을수록 성기능장애가 증가하였다. 비록 혈중 5-HT 농도가 뇌 5-HT 활성을 어느정도 반영하는지는 알 수 없으나, 정신분열병 환자의 일차 병인인 과도한 5-HT 활성으로 인한 직접적인 성기능 억제효과 때문에 장애가 초래한다고 생각된다.