• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.144-156
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• 2003

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the self-esteem, social support and health promoting lifestyle of the elderly in a community. The sample consisted of 147 elderly, and data were collected from September 1 to October 15, 2001. The instrument of this study was a structured questionnaire including Health Promoting Lifestyle (47 items), Social Support(18 items), Self-Esteem(10 items), Socio-demographic Characteristics. Analysis of the data was done by use of descriptive statistics, ANOVA, Pearson Correlation Coefficient. The results of this study are as follows: 1. The degrees of self-esteem of the elderly were mean score $25{\pm}2.98$ points, socio-demographic characteristics containing meaningful difference with self-esteem was not significant. 2. The degrees of social support by elderly were mean score $55.03{\pm}9.60$ points and social support according to the socio-demographic characteristics showed meaning difference in family structure $\ulcorner$with off spring$\lrcorner$ (F=8.50, p=.000), health status $\ulcorner$good$\lrcorner$ (t=2.19, p=.030), smoking $\ulcorner$below 1 packet daily$\lrcorner$ (F=4.88 p=.009). 3. The degrees of health enhancing lifestyle by elderly were mean score $113.61{\pm}20.12$ points and health enhancing lifestyle according to the socio-demographic characteristics showed meaning difference in education level $\ulcorner$middle school and above$\lrcorner$ (F=6.37 p=.002), occupation before retirement $\ulcorner$profession, technician, employee of company, education$\lrcorner$ (F=5.00, p=.003), health status $\ulcorner$good$\lrcorner$ (t=3.14, p=0.002), exercise $\ulcorner$weekly 2-3$\lrcorner$ (F=4.31, p=.006), drinking $\ulcorner$weekly 1$\lrcorner$ (F=2.74, p= .046). 4. The item mean score of personal relationship support field in health enhancing lifestyle were $2.90{\pm}.60$ points. item mean scores of exercise and nutrition were $2.26{\pm}.39$ points, item mean scores of stress managing field were $2.25{\pm}.49$ points, item mean scores of health responsible field were $2.14{\pm}.61$ points. 5. The relationship between self-esteem and health enhancing lifestyle revealed a significant correlation(r=.169. p=.041), but self-esteem and social support, showed no significant correlation, and health enhancing lifestyle and social support, revealed a significant correlation(r=.654, p=.001).

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.144-152
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• 2004

The aim of this study was to evaluate the resistance to degradation of three commercial compomers in an alkaline solution. Dyract(Dentsply), Elan(Kerr) and F-2000(3M) polyacid modified resin composites(compomers) were used in this study. The resistance to degradation was evaluated on the basis of mass loss(%), degradation $depth({\mu}m)$ and Si, Al, Ba loss(ppm). The results were as follows : 1. The mass loss of each brand was $1.42%{\sim}2.14%$ and there was no statistically significant difference of mass loss among Dyract, F2000 and Elan. 2. The degradation layer depth of each brand was $182.92{\sim}227.7{\mu}m$ and there was no statistically significant difference of degradation layer depth among Dyract, F2000 and Elan. 3. There was statistically significant differences in Si-loss and Al-loss among three compomers (p<0.05). Si loss was the highest value in Dyract and Al loss was the highest value in F2000. 4. There was statistically significant correlation between mass loss and degradation layer depth (r=0.60, p<0.05). 5. In SEM finding, there was some destruction of compomer matrix-filler interface in post-exposure specimen to NaOH solution. As the matrix decreased, the filler particles distinguished and the periphery of the filler particles appeared whitish color due to degradation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.137-144
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• 2008

It is important to know pedestrian volume to carry out pedestrian safety analysis and pedestrian friendly design. However, it is too difficult to come across research work related to pedestrian volume analysis in the field of transport, due to lack of interests on pedestrian movement. Most transport research has been focused on vehicles and highways rather than pedestrian. On the other hand, in the field of urban studies, there comes an effective tool to estimate pedestrian volumes using Space Syntax theory. This theory twins out to be effective and economic because it only requires network information, which is easy to acquire from maps and field survey. However, this method is different in the way representing networks from the way that is common in the field of transport. To make up for this point, this paper develops a novel measure for estimating pedestrian volume using Dial's algorithm, and applies the model in the two test networks; Insadong and Soongryemoon networks. The application results reveals that developed measure is an effective tool to explain pedestrian volume; a correlation coefficient between the measure and pedestrian volume is 0.713 in Insadong and 0.492 in Soongryemoon, and the goodness of fit($R^2$) of regression models are 0.893 in Insadong and 0.671 in Soongryemoon. This estimation method is significantly less complicated to estimate the effect of a pedestrian network change than Space Syntax theory, which requires special softwares not readily available.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.133-144
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• 2008

Recently, people are becoming fatter in most parts of the world. Obesity is regarded as an important risk factor to adversely affect the health of humans, associated with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. In the present study, therefore, we tested the short time efficiency and safety of Bangpoongtongsungsan as a drug to decrease body weight in subjects with obesity. A total 48 volunteers (24 man, 24 woman) with body mass index (BMI : weight in kg divided by square of height in meters) of $23㎏/m^2$ participated in clinical study for 12 weeks, from 2008, March 01 to 2008, Jun 30. The subjects was received a dietary supplement of 12 pieces hard capsules per day (4 pieces in one, 3 times in a day) during the clinical study. At the end of clinical study, body weight of subjects was significantly decreased from $72.21{\pm}11.44\;kg$ to $70.53{\pm}11.67\;kg$ (p<0.05). Waist circumferences of subjects were reduced $91.58{\pm}6.43\;cm$ to $85.25{\pm}7.70\;cm$ (p<0.05). Also, a BMI of subjects was significantly decreased $26.07{\pm}2.35\;kg/m^2$ to $25.63{\pm}2.63\;kg/m^2$ (p<0.05). Particularly, a decrease in body weight, waist circumferences, and BMI was more significant in woman than man. But, other biochemical levels including lipid and glucose in plasma had no changes at the end of clinical study. In conclusion, administration of Bangpoongtongsungsan in subjects with high body weight fat could inhibit obesity associated with a decrease in body weight, waist circumferences, and BMI.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.133-144
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate Home Economics(HE) teachers' stages of concern, levels of use, and needs about the practical reasoning instruction focusing on the Concerns Based Adoption Model(CBAM). Questionnaires were administrated to HE teachers who worked for middle or high school in Korea and used HE textbooks according to the revised 2007 HE curriculum through mailing and visiting HE teacher training centers. 350 data collected from the responses were finally analyzed using SPSS 12.0. The results of the study were as follows: First, HE teachers' stages of concern about the Practical Reasoning Instruction(PRI) were demonstrated by the following order: awareness stage 0(97.05%), informational stage 1(87.06%), personal stage 2(86.23%), management stage 3(79.85%), refocusing stage 6(63.22%), consequence stage 4(61.26%), and collaboration stage 5(60.12%). Second, HE teachers' levels of use for PRI were demonstrated by the following order: preparation level 2(30.3%), orientation level 1(18.30%), refinement level 5 (18.30%), mechanical level 3: (16.0%), routine level 4(10.09%), nonuse level 0(4.0%), integration level 6(1.70%), and renewal level 7(0.60%). Third, needs for HE teachers' practical reasoning process were shown as the following order: '(O)Outline and implement a plan for action'(1.89), '(A)Analyze choices and consequences'(1.75), '(N)Note the results of your action(s)'(1.57), '(E)Evaluate information needed to solve the problem'(1.44), '(R)Recognize the problem'(1.39), and '(S)Select the best choices'(1.36).

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.217-223
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• 2008

Amylose and protein contents are important traits determining the edible quality of rice, especially in East Asian countries. Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) has become a powerful tool for rapid and nondestructive quantification of natural compounds in agricultural products. To test the practically of using NIRS for estimation of brown rice amylose and protein contents, the spectral reflectances ($400{\sim}2500\;nm$) of total 9,483 accessions of rice germplasm in Rural development Administration (RDA) Genebank ere obtained and compared to chemically determined amylose and protein content. The protein content of tested 119 accessions ranged from 6.5 to 8.0% and 25 accessions exhibited protein contents between 8.5 to 9.5%. In case of amylose content, all tested accessions ranged from 18.1 to 21.7% and the grade from 18.1 to 19.9% includes most number of accessions as 152 and 4 accessions exhibited amylose content between 20.5 to 21.7%. The optimal performance calibration model could be obtained from original spectra of brown rice using MPLS (Modified Partial Least Squares) with the correlation coefficients ($r_2$) for amylose and protein content were 0.865 and 0.786, respectively. The standard errors of calibration (SEC) exhibited good statistic values: 2.078 and 0.442 for amylose and protein contents, respectively. All these results suggest that NIR spectroscopy may serve as reputable and rapid method for quantification of brown rice protein and amylose contents in large numbers of rice germplasm.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.132-144
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify the association between satisfaction with assistive technology devices and psychosocial impact among some mentally or physically disabled children. Methods: The study subjects were 120 disabled children and their primary caregivers who were using rental assistive technology devices in Gwangju and Jeollanam-Do. Data were collected by structured questionnaire composed of general characteristics of subjects, characteristics related with using assistive devices. Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with assistive Technology 2.0 (QUEST 2.0) and Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Device Scale (PIADS). The statistical analysis were performed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson's correlational analysis. Results: The total mean score for QUEST 2.0 was $4.08{\pm}0.66$ (satisfaction with devices, $4.01{\pm}0.70$; satisfaction with the assistive devices service, $4.14{\pm}0.90$) and the mean of PIADS was $1.00{\pm}0.75$ (ability, $0.99{\pm}0.78$; adaptability, $1.04{\pm}0.86$; self-respect, $0.99{\pm}0.74$). The scores of PIADS was statistically significant difference according to usage time of assistive devices. The PIADS was significantly positive correlated with QUEST 2.0 Conclusions: The mentally or physically disabled children reported that the higher level of satisfaction and the more positive impact of psychosocial aspect with assistive technology devices. It would be necessary to perform further studies for addressing the effects of assistive technology devices.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.137-144
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• 2011

The current work was carried out to investigate the effect of crossbred Korean native chickens (KNC) on fatty acid, amino acid and nucleotide-related compounds contents of chicken meat. A total of 360 male chicks (1d of age) was used in this work and were divided 4 groups as A) (KNC egg-meat type C strains ${\times}$ KNC meat type S strains) ${\times}$ Ross broiler, B) (KNC egg-meat type C strains ${\times}$ KNC meat type H strains) ${\times}$ KNC meat type S strains, C) (KNC native R strains ${\times}$ KNC meat type S strains) ${\times}$ KNC meat type H strains and D(White Semibroiler Chickens) strains for 5 weeks at the flat house. Palmitic acid and vaccenic acid were highest in C strain meat, and myristic acid and linolenic acid were lowest in A strain meat (p<0.05). Saturated fatty acid was lowest in C strain meats (p<0.05). Valine, leucine, phenylalanine and lysine of essential acid were low in A strain meat. Cystine, aspartic acid, glycine, alanine and proline were also low in A strain meat. Hypoxanthin (Hx) was high compared other strains at 5 weeks and low at 10 weeks. IMP was high compared other strains at 5 and 10 weeks. AMP has not significant difference among strains at 5 weeks but B strain was high other strains at 10 weeks. These results showed that C stain was excellent on the fact of nutrients compared to other strains. Consequently, the result of this work gave the basic data that needed to develope the new strains.