• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.571-579
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• 2005

In this paper, we proposed an algorithm for arrhythmia classification, which is associated with the reduction of feature dimensions by linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and a support vector machine (SVM) based classifier. Seventeen original input features were extracted from preprocessed signals by wavelet transform, and attempts were then made to reduce these to 4 features, the linear combination of original features, by LDA. The performance of the SVM classifier with reduced features by LDA showed higher than with that by principal component analysis (PCA) and even with original features. For a cross-validation procedure, this SVM classifier was compared with Multilayer Perceptrons (MLP) and Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) classifiers. When all classifiers used the same reduced features, the overall performance of the SVM classifier was comprehensively superior to all others. Especially, the accuracy of discrimination of normal sinus rhythm (NSR), arterial premature contraction (APC), supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), premature ventricular contraction (PVC), ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF) were $99.307\%,\;99.274\%,\;99.854\%,\;98.344\%,\;99.441\%\;and\;99.883\%$, respectively. And, even with smaller learning data, the SVM classifier offered better performance than the MLP classifier.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.386-395
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• 2019

The aim of this study was to introduce clinical laboratory science techniques with the core technology of the 4th Industrial Revolution. Among the core technologies of the 4th Industrial Revolution, AI, IOT, block-chain, robotics, and nanotechnology were analyzed and linked by themes. The scope of the job of clinical laboratory technologists (also known as medical laboratory technologists and medical technologists) is laboratory medicine testing, pathology testing, and clinical physiology testing. Through a number of previous papers, 73 linkages in the laboratory medicine area, 27 linkages in the pathology area, and 47 linkages in the clinical physiology area were examined. In the 4th industrial revolution and clinical laboratory science techniques, AI (4), IOT (3), block-chain (4), robotics (3) and nanotechnology (15) sectors were surveyed. The limitation of this study was the limitation in collecting and analyzing all the data and non-clinical areas were not analyzed. In addition, there was no validity test and no similar study. In conclusion, the core technologies of the 4th industrial revolution and clinical laboratory science techniques are closely related. Therefore, further research on the future and social benefits of clinical laboratory science techniques is needed.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.372-377
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• 2007

For more than 2,500 years, surgical teaching has been based on the so called "see one, do one, teach one" paradigm, in which the surgical trainee learns by operating on patients under close supervision of peers and superiors. However, higher demands on the quality of patient care and rising malpractice costs have made it increasingly risky to train on patients. Minimally invasive surgery, in particular, has made it more difficult for an instructor to demonstrate the required manual skills. It has been recognized that, similar to flight simulators for pilots, virtual reality (VR) based surgical simulators promise a safer and more comprehensive way to train manual skills of medical personnel in general and surgeons in particular. One of the major challenges in the development of VR-based surgical trainers is the real-time and realistic simulation of interactions between surgical instruments and biological tissues. It involves multi-disciplinary research areas including soft tissue mechanical behavior, tool-tissue contact mechanics, computer haptics, computer graphics and robotics integrated into VR-based training systems. The research described in this paper addresses the problem of characterizing soft tissue properties for medical virtual environments. A system to measure in vivo mechanical properties of soft tissues was designed, and eleven sets of animal experiments were performed to measure in vivo and in vitro biomechanical properties of porcine intra-abdominal organs. Viscoelastic tissue parameters were then extracted by matching finite element model predictions with the empirical data. Finally, the tissue parameters were combined with geometric organ models segmented from the Visible Human Dataset and integrated into a minimally invasive surgical simulation system consisting of haptic interface devices and a graphic display.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.270-277
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• 2015

Purpose: Minimally invasive gastrectomy (MIG), including laparoscopic distal subtotal gastrectomy (LDG) and robotic distal subtotal gastrectomy (RDG), is performed for gastric cancer, and requires a learning period. However, there are few reports regarding MIG by a beginner surgeon trained in MIG for gastric cancer during surgical residency and fellowship. The aim of this study was to report our initial experience with MIG, LDG, and RDG by a trained beginner surgeon. Materials and Methods: Between January 2014 and February 2015, a total of 36 patients (20 LDGs and 16 RDGs) underwent MIG by a beginner surgeon during the learning period, and 13 underwent open distal subtotal gastrectomy (ODG) by an experienced surgeon in Bundang CHA Medical Center. Demographic characteristics, operative findings, and short-term outcomes were evaluated for the groups. Results: MIG was safely performed without open conversion in all patients and there was no mortality in either group. There was no significant difference between the groups in demographic factors except for body mass index. There were significant differences in extent of lymph node dissection (LND) (D2 LND: ODG 8.3% vs. MIG 55.6%, P=0.004) and mean operative time (ODG 178.8 minutes vs. MIG 254.7 minutes, P<0.001). The serial changes in postoperative hemoglobin level (P=0.464) and white blood cell count (P=0.644) did not show significant differences between the groups. There were no significant differences in morbidity. Conclusions: This study showed that the operative and short-term outcomes of MIG for gastric cancer by a trained beginner surgeon were comparable with those of ODG performed by an experienced surgeon.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.433-440
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• 2022

Recently, owing to global warming, average summer temperatures are increasing and the number of hot days is increasing is increasing, which leads to an increase in heat stroke. In particular, outdoor workers directly exposed to the heat are at higher risk of heat stroke; therefore, preventing heat-related illnesses and managing safety have become important. Although various wearable devices have been developed to prevent heat stroke for outdoor workers, applying various sensors to the safety helmets that workers must wear is an excellent alternative. In this study, we developed a smart helmet that measures various vital signs of the wearer such as body temperature, heart rate, and sweat rate; external environmental signals such as temperature and humidity; and movement signals of the wearer such as roll and pitch angles. The smart helmet can acquire the various data by connecting with a smartphone application. Environmental data can check the status of heat wave advisory, and the individual vital signs can monitor the health of workers. In addition, we developed an algorithm that classifies the risk of heat-related illness as normal and abnormal by inputting a set of vital signs of the wearer using a support vector machine technique, which is a machine learning technique that allows for rapid binary classification with high reliability. Furthermore, the classified results suggest that the safety manager can supervise the prevention of heat stroke by receiving feedback from the control system.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.568-571
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• 1997

Recently, the number of techniques for analyzing medical images has been increasing in computer vision, employing X-ray CT images, ultrasound images, MR images, moire topographic images, etc. Spinal deformity is a serious problem especially for teenagers and medical doctors inspect moire topographic images of their backs visually for the primary screening. If a subject is normal, the moire image is almost symmetric with respect to the middle line of the subject's back, otherwise it shows asymmetric shape. In this paper, an image analysis technique is described for discriminating suspicious cases from normal in human spinal deformity by recognizing asymmetric moire images of human backs. The principal axes which are sensitive to asymmetry of the moire image are extracted at two parts on a subject's back and their angles are evaluated with respect to the detected middle line of the back. The two angles compose a 2-D feature space and inspected cases are divided into two clusters in the space by a linear discriminant function based on the Mahalanobis distance. Given 120 cases, 60 normal and 60 abnormal, the leave-out method was applied for the recognition and 75% recognition rate was achieved.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.1889-1891
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• 2004

The differential white blood cell count plays an important role in the diagnosis of different diseases. It is a tedious task to count these classes of cell manually. An automatic counter using computer vision helps to perform this medical test rapidly and accurately. Most commercial-available automatic white blood cell analysis composed mainly 3 steps including segmentation, feature extraction and classification. In this paper we concentrate on the first step in automatic white-blood-cell analysis by proposing a segmentation scheme that utilizes a benefit of active contour. Specifically, the binary image is obtained by thresolding of the input blood smear image. The initial shape of active is then placed roughly inside the white blood cell and allowed to grow to fit the shape of individual white blood cell. The white blood cell is then separated using the extracted contour. The force that drives the active contour is the combination of gradient vector flow force and balloon force. Our purposed technique can handle very promising to separate the remaining red blood cells.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.2660-2664
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• 2003

In this study, the concept of autonomous mobility is applied to a medical service robot. The aim of the development of the service robot is for the elderly assisting walking rehabilitation. This study aims that the service robot design parameter is proposed in ergonomic view. The walking assistant path pattern is derived from analyzing the elderly gait analysis. A lever is installed in the AMR in order to measure the pulling force and the leading force of the elderly. A lever mechanism is applied for walking assistant service of the AMR. This lever is designed for measuring the leading force of the elderly. The elderly adjusts the velocity of the robot by applying force to the lever. The action scope and the service mechanism of the robot are developed for considering and analyzing the elderly action patterns. The ergonomic design parameters, that is, dimensions, action scope and working space are determined based on the elderly moving scope. The gait information is acquired by measuring the guide lever force by load cells and working pattern by the electromyography signal.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.277-281
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• 2004

The following paper proposes the new design of digital sine wave generator which allows users to define the phase shift of the out put sinewave according to user's demands. This new sinewave generator will have 2 outputs, cos(${\omega}_0n$) and cos(${\omega}_0n$+${\phi}$) The design of the new system starts from the construction of discrete time system with impulse response as cos(${\omega}_0n$) in a pair of conjugate complex poles and a pair of zeros at the origin and the real axis. If users want to make a phase shift of sign wave, users can change the position of zero at the real axis. The results of the experiment have shown that the new design of sign wave generator has generated sine wave with the correct phase shift according to the theory.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.560-563
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• 2016

The changes in the medical and healthcare are started from the digital technology. The new field of digital healthcare has started fused with existing healthcare, medical technology, and digital technology. It can increase the service effect and reduce healthcare costs by applying ICT skills such as ICBM(Internet of Things, Cloud, Big data and Mobile), artificial intelligence, robotics, virtual, augmented reality, and wearable devices to healthcare services including healthcare, disease management. Recently there has been grafted an artificial intelligence technologies such as AlphaGo of Google and Watson of IBM onto the healthcare area. In this study, we analyze the main technology, ecosystem, platforms for digital healthcare, and lastly future changes in health care services and issues of digital healthcare.