• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.39-44
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• 2008

본 연구는 재래흑돼지의 육질특성과 생산성 구명을 통해 소비 및 생산 활성화를 위한 기초자료로 활용할 목적으로 사료내 에너지(ME, kcal/kg)사이신(%)수준을 달리한 3처리구, 즉 상(H), 중(M), 하(L)로 나누어 사양시험을 한 후 성장 및 육질평가를 실시하였다. 본 연구결과, 사양시험기간 동안 재래흑돼지에 있어 에너지아이신 수준이 높을수록 일당증체량과 사료요구율이 향상되는 경향을 보이고 출하일령이 짧아지는 경향을 보였다(p<0.05). 도체성적의 경우 도체율, 등지방두께, 배최장근단면적, 살코기 생산량에서 처리구간에 유의적 차이를 보이지 않았으나(p>0.05), 거세돈이 암퇘지에 비해 등지방이 두꺼운 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 재래흑돼지 등심육의 일반조성분, 근내지방함량, 근절길이 및 근섬유 비율은 처리구별로 유의적 차이는 없었으나, 근내지방은 영양수준이 높은 H 처리구가 M, L 처리구보다 포화지방산은 높고, 불포화지방산은 낮게 나타났으며, n-3비율은 에너지/라이신 수준이 높아질수록 낮았으나, n-6/n-3 비율은 영양수준이 높아질수록 낮아지는 경향을 보였다. 근절길이 및 근섬유 비율도 유의적인 차이는 없었으나 영양수준이 증가됨에 따라 근절길이는 다소 증가하는 경향을 보였고, 적색근 비율은 L처리구가, 백색근 비율은 M 처리구가 각각 다른 처리구보다 높았다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.74-82
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• 1999

실험재료는 시중에서 판매되는 우육, 돈육, 계육을 이용하였다. 생육 시료들은 PVDC 필름을 이용하여 함기포장과 진공포장을 하였으며, 전자선 조사(0, 1, 2, kGy)를 실시한 후 $2{\sim}4^{\circ}C$의 냉장실에서 보관하면서 저장기간 별(0, 7, 14일)실험에 사용하였다. 가열 시료들은 electric oven에서 육 내부가 $70^{\circ}C$가 될 때까지 가열한 다음 함기포장과 진공포장을 즉시 실시한 후 생육 시료들과 같은 조건으로 전자선 조사를 실시한 후 $2{\sim}4^{\circ}C$의 냉장실에서 보관하면서 생육 시료들과 같은 저장기간별 콜레스테롤 산화물의 발생 종류와 발생량을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 전자선 조사를 실시한 (0, 1, 2, kGy) 우육 sample에서 생육-진공포장 처리구에서는 전 저장기간 동안(저장 14일) 7-ketocholesterol이 trace ($0.5\;{\mu}g/g$ 이하) 발생하였다. 그러나 $7{\beta}-hydroxycholesterol$은 전 저장기간 동안 $8.02{\sim}101.30\;{\mu}g/g$의 범위로 발생하였다. 전체 발생량은 가열-함기포장 처리구에서 가장 많이 발생하였으며, 발생량은 $51.18{\sim}155.90\;{\mu}g/g$이었다. 돈육, 계육 sample은 우육 sample에서와 같이 콜레스테롤 산화물질의 종류가 비슷하게 발생하였으며, 처리구에 따른 콜레스테롤 산화물 전체 발생량은 조사 수준이 증가할수록 유의적으로 증가하였으며(P<0.05), 저장기간이 경과함에 따라 전체 발생량도 유의적으로 증가하였다(P<0.05).

• 수산경영론집
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.51-66
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• 2018

During the Joseon period, the East Sea would be called 'Gyeonghae' due to a large number of whales. In the Republic of Korea, whaling was locally permitted in 1946. However, the number drastically dropped because the hunting of the marine mammal had already been carried out in Russia, the U.S. and Japan since 1800s. Before a moratorium on commercial whaling was introduced by the International Whaling Commission(IWC) in 1986, whale populations in the East Sea had plunged. Furthermore, Korean gray whales and fin whales weren't found anymore in that area. With the suspension, whale hunting was banned in Korea as well. Even so, accidentally caught whales have been allowed to be distributed on the market with respect for local food culture. With the establishment of Whale Museum and hosting of the 57th Annual Meeting of the International Whaling Commission(IWC) at Jangsaengpo in 2005, whale tourism was facilitated in earnest. This whale tourism has been operated by Nam-gu Office and Nam-gu City Management Corporation in Ulsan. However, the popularity of whale tourism has increased a demand for whale meat. At the same time, there has been concern over decrease in whale populations because of illegal whaling. In addition, a conflict between the use and protection of whales has caused confusion in tourism identity. Actually, there is a serious doubt on the sustainability of whale tourism due to the decade-long deficit and excessive investments. This study attempts to define a concept of whale tourism and propose a future direction for the sustainable growth and development of Korea's whale tourism industry after developing such comprehensive assessment indicators as a basic research for the introduction of sustainable whale tourism. To achieve the aim of this study, AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) was chosen as a main research tool and the factors were ranked by a comprehensive analysis of principal factors and detail factors. The current study showed the following results. First, ecological environment(0.430) was indicated the most important factor of whale tourism assessment indicators. Moreover, Population(0.1302), Action for Cetacean protection(0.1031), Governance(0.0898) were critical factors. On the other hand, Accommodations(0.0085), Whale meat(0.0088) were unimportant factors than others.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.929-942
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• 2023

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of β-glucan with vitamin E supplementation on the growth performance, blood profiles, immune response, pork quality, pork flavor, and economic benefit in growing and finishing pigs. Methods: A total of 140 growing pigs ([Yorkshire×Landrace]×Duroc) were assigned to five treatments considering sex and initial body weight (BW) in 4 replications with 7 pigs per pen in a randomized complete block design. The experimental diets included a corn-soybean meal-based basal diet with or without 0.05% or 0.1% β-glucan and 0.02% vitamin E. The pigs were fed the diets for 12 weeks (phase I, 0 to 3; phase II, 3 to 6; phase III, 6 to 9; phase IV, 9 to 12). The BW and feed intake were measured at the end of each phase. Blood samples were collected at the end of each phase. Four pigs from each treatment were selected and slaughtered for meat quality. Economic benefit was calculated considering the total feed intake and feed price. Pork flavor was analyzed through inosine monophosphate analysis. Results: The average daily gain and feed efficiency were improved compared to the control when β-glucan or vitamin E was added. Supplementing 0.05% β-glucan significantly increased the lymphocyte concentration compared to the addition of 0.1% β-glucan and the content of vitamin E in the blood increased when 0.02% vitamin E was added. The treatment with 0.1% β-glucan and 0.02% vitamin E showed the most economic effect because it had the shortest days to market weight and the lowest total feed cost. The addition of β-glucan or vitamin E had a positive role in improving the flavor of pork when considering that the content of inosine monophosphate was increased. However, carcass traits and meat quality were not affected by β-glucan or vitamin E. Conclusion: The addition of 0.1% β-glucan with 0.02% vitamin E in growing and finishing pig diets showed great growth performance and economic effects by supplying vitamin E efficiently and by improving the health condition of pigs due to β-glucan.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 1993년도 Proceedings of International Conference for Agricultural Machinery and Process Engineering
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• pp.109-118
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• 1993

Development process of agricultural technology has been studied with a case study of Korean agriculture. Technological is considered as a transformer of inputs into outputs and hence technological appropriateness, an important aspect of agricultural development strategies, is considered as a dynamic concepts. Considering the concept of agricultural system as a delivery system for providing essential materials and services to producers and consumers, it has been divided into two major groups of dimensions vis. external challenge dimensions and internal response dimensions. Market, investment and agro-ecosystem constitute the external challenge dimensions : whereas trade , technology as well as production and resources allocation constitute internal response dimensions. The system manager is responsible for maintaining equilibrium in the mentioned six sub-systems. Two kinds of alternatives paths of technological development viz. land saving technology and labour saving technolog have been studied. Technology is considered as a combination of four basic components viz. facilities, abilities, facts and frameworks. Adoption of innovation in agriculture depends on profitability, awareness, risk aversion, financial capacity, institutional infrastructure, availability of physical inputs and adaptability to the local conditions. For a cast study of Korea, changes in the agricultural system through external challenge dimensions are investigated. The impacts of industrialization on agro-ecosystem reported are shift of labour from the agricultural sector to non-agricultural sectors and continuously increasing demand of farm the agricultural sector to non-agricultural sectors accompanied by increase in land prices. The impacts on the commodity market discussed are shift in demand from rice, barley and other cereals to meat , dairy products and vegetables : and increasing in supply capacity of agricultural inputs. The process of agricultural development from 1962 to 19 1 9 (i.e. from start of the first to the end of the sixth five year plan) are also discussed in details with several policy measures taken. The trend of agricultural income and productivity are also analyzed. The main cause of increase in the agricultural income is considered as increase in labour productivity. The study revealed that during the span of 1965-88, holding size has not changed significantly, but both the land and labour productivity increased and so did the agricultural income. R&D activities in Korea have changed over time in three stages vix. import of improved technology, localization by adaptive research and technological mastery. For the new technology to be made affordable to farmers, policy measures like fertilizer and food grain exchange system, dual price system in rice and barely and loan for machinery were strengthened.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.95-101
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• 2013

The present study was conducted to test a hypothesis that pork quality traits would be influenced by the systemic and/or local bioavailability of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), transforming growth factor-${\beta}1$ (TGF-${\beta}1$), or epidermal growth factor (EGF) before or at slaughter. To this end, 60 cross-bred female market pigs weighing approximately 110 kg were slaughtered, after which Longissimus dorsi muscle (LM) samples taken at slaughter (D 0) and blood samples taken at D -7 and D 0 were analyzed. The 60 carcasses rendered 36 RFN (reddish-pink, firm, and non-exudative), 16 RSE (reddish-pink, soft, and exudative), and 6 PSE (pale, soft, and exudative); 2 DFD (dark, firm, and dry) also were found but were excluded in subsequent experiments. The $L^*$ and drip loss were greater in PSE vs. RFN and RSE and in PSE and RSE vs. RFN, respectively, as they should (P<0.05). The $pH_{45min}$ was less in PSE vs. RFN (P<0.05); $pH_{24h}$ tended to be less in the former (P=0.09). The LM IGF-I and TGF-${\beta}1$ as well as serum EGF concentrations were less in PSE than in RFN. None of the other LM and serum concentrations of the three growth factors differed across the three pork quality categories. The LM IGF-I and TGF-${\beta}1$ concentrations and serum EGF concentration at D 0 were negatively correlated with drip loss [r = -0.36(P<0.01), -0.44 (P<0.01), and -0.32 (P<0.05), respectively]. However, none of the serum and LM growth factor variables was correlated with $L^*$ or $a^*$ (redness) of LM. Taken together, results suggest that locally expressed IGF-I and TGF-${\beta}1$ and blood-borne EGF may have a beneficial effect on postmortem water holding capacity of the muscle and that pork quality traits could be predicted to some extent from concentrations of IGF-I and TGF-${\beta}1$ in muscle and EGF in serum at slaughter.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.176-184
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• 2003

This experiment was planned to develop a functional supplements by food resources to prevent and lessen the bad effects caused by the environmental pollution such as bad food, air, water and heavy metals exposed to people these days. As for Its primary stage, the nutrient profile and sensory characteristics of the duck-extract were evaluated in this study. The duck-extract was formulated by the mixture of bone and internal organs of ducks and 6 medicinal herbs which were able to be used as foods and known to help the excretion and the repression of the poison inside the body for a long time. As we compared the six medicinal herbs mentioned above to the vegetable herbs, the nutrient profile of the medicinal herbs were superior to the vegetable herbs. The duck-extract was composed of protein 49.92%, carbohydrate 37.02%, dietary fiber 20.99%, lipid 7.60% and ash 5.46%. The ratio of Ca to P was 1 : 1.4, which was a suitable ratio for absorption, the contents of Na and K were low and those of micro-elements such as Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu high compared to other meat extracts. The essential amino acids accounted for 30.91% of total amino acids. The result of sensory evaluation was better in overall preferences than the ones which are already in the market. From these results, the nutrient profile of the duck-extract was estimated to be able to supply enough nutrients to the people whose nutritional balance was destroyed these days. This study also showed the effective way of using duck-extract and its application to the oriental medicine.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.44-54
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• 2020

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the sensory and instrumental quality of thawed beef steak prepared by searing and oven cooking. Beef purchased in the local market was divided into two groups; one group was cooked in a 180℃ oven until the internal temperature reached 60℃, and the other group was oven cooked until 35℃, then cooked in a 250℃ pan until the internal temperature reached 60℃. Despite a noticeable change in appearance due to the high temperature of the searing, there was no significant difference in juiciness, water content, and cooking loss between the searing-cooked and the oven-cooked steaks. However, in searing cooking, both scores of overall flavor and roast meat flavor were significantly higher than those of oven cooking. In the searing-cooked steak, the reducing sugar, which is a reactant of the Maillard reaction, was lower and Maillard-reaction products were higher than oven-cooked steak. From our results, it can be concluded that searing does not improve juiciness of the steak, but improves the flavor of beef steak due to higher levels of Maillard reaction products.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.180-188
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• 2018

The market size of home meal replacement (HMR) products has been gradually growing worldwide, even in Korea. In Korean HMR products, meat is the most important food ingredient compared with rice and vegetables. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate changes in physiochemical and sensory aspects of beef under different preparation processes. For preparing four treatments, beef eye of round (ER) added with salt and sugar (treatment 1) and that without salt and sugar (treatment 2) were mixed with rice and frozen at $-50^{\circ}C$. Beef ER without salt and sugar was also topped onto the rice and frozen (treatment 3), and that was topped onto the rice and precooled before freezing (treatment 4). Physiochemical analyses included cooking and drip losses, shear force, color, salt soluble protein, and sensory attributes were tested. The results showed significantly higher drip loss and total loss in beef ER samples 1 and 2, which were mixed with rice, compared to beef ER samples 3 and 4, which were not mixed with rice. A significantly higher discoloration was also observed in beef ER samples 1 and 2, compared to that in samples 3 and 4. In the partial least squares regression (PLSR) analysis, beef ER sample 4 (precooled before freezing) was highly related to sensory attributes, such as flavor, overall acceptability, and juiciness, and far from non-preferred shear force. As a result, beef ER in HMR sample 4 was the most preferable to the sensory panel, and it had the most desirable physicochemical analysis outcomes.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.296-320
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• 2014

축산의 산업화와 농업의 기계화로 인해 우리나라에서 소의 의미는 역우에서 육우로 변화해 왔다. 아울러 최근 수십년 간에 걸친 쇠고기에 대한 수요 증가와 글로벌화에 따른 무역의 자유화로 인해 해외로부터의 쇠고기 수입이 지속적으로 진전되어 왔다. 이러한 변화 속에서 국내 쇠고기 생산은 전업화, 대형화되기 시작하였고, 이에 따라 한우 상품사슬은 기존과는 다른 특징을 보인다. 육류등급제, 위해요소중점관리제(HACCP), 한우 브랜드화제도는 현재의 한우 생산에 가장 결정적인 영향을 미치고 있고, 이러한 거시적인 제도와 더불어 로컬 스케일에서의 미시적 제도와 행위자들은 그 지역만의 한우 상품사슬을 특징짓고 있다. 연구 지역인 함평은 낙후되고 쇠락한 농촌의 이미지가 강한 지역이었으나, 낙후한 경제적 상황을 타개하기 위해 최근 우시장의 전통성을 활용한 한우 산업이 발전되고 있다. 함평의 한우 생산은 거시적인 제도적 영향과 함께 지역의 제도적 영향이 더해져 지역의 사회적 공간적 변화에 큰 영향을 미치고 있었으며 다양한 층위의 행위자들이 상품사슬을 구성하고 있다.