• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.622-635
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a tool to measure job stress related to occupational characteristics of infection control nurses. Methods: The tool was developed through the steps of literature reviews, preparatory questions, and a test of validity and confidence. The participants were 212 infection control nurses from 145 Korean hospitals. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ coefficients, item analysis, factor analysis. Results: Through factor analysis, 38 items in four domains and nine factors were derived. The Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ coefficient of the final instrument was .95. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the measurement tool is reliable and valid to measure the job stress of infection control nurses.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.149-162
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• 2018

Objectives : This study aimed to develop tools to measure the social responsibility activities of hospitals using ISO 26000 and to verify the validity and reliability of the developed tools. We verified the content and structural validity, as well as the internal consistency of the proposed measurement tool for hospitals' social responsibility. Methods : We conducted an online survey on hospitals/employees from Feb 26 to Mar 12, 2018, and analyzed selected 197 respondents from the survey by removing incomplete responses. Results : The developed hospitals' CSR (HSR) measurement tool consists of 36 items with 5 factors: "consumer issues", "labor practices", "community involvement & development", "fair operating practice", and "environment". Analysis revealed high reliability with Cronbach' alpha of 0.981. Conclusions : It was verified that the developed HSR tool fully reflected hospital characteristics. This tool can be used to diagnose hospitals' social responsibility and to support strategic decision on social responsibility.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.40-47
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• 2018

Objectives The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors contributing to the classification of Sasang Constitution using Sasang Constitutional Analysis Tool 2. Methods A total of 99 subjects were assessed for the classification of Sasang Constitution using four measurement factors (face, voice, body shape, and questionnaire information) of Sasang Constitutional Analysis Tool 2. Results Taeeumin had significantly higher body weight and BMI. In the result of the agreement between the judgment of the four measurement factors and the final judgment of Sasang Constitution, the agreement degree of Soeumin was the highest value of 2.6. Taeeumin, Soeumin, and Soyangin showed the highest agreement with the individual judgment of face, body shape and questionnaire, and body shape, respectively. Conclusions It is difficult to conclude that any individual factor contributes significantly to the classification of Sasang Constitution. Further study on Sasang Constitutional Analysis Tool 2 involving more peoples is needed in order to determine the factors contributing to the classification of Sasang Constitution.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.50-61
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a valid tool for measuring the work environment of Korean nurses and test the validity and reliability of the instrument. Methods: This is a methodological study for developing and testing a measurement tool. The conceptual framework for the tool was formed through a literature review and in-depth interviews with clinical nurses. 260 meaningful statements were derived through this process, and 59 of the primary items were generated out of these statements. On the basis of the content validity test, 41 items were selected for the preliminary tool. A total of 350 nurses from 7 hospitals responded to the preliminary questionnaire in October 2011. Results: After the item analysis and the principal component analysis using varimax rotation methods, 11 items were deleted. Considering the conceptual framework and the scree plot, we extracted 4 factors from the final 30 items. These factors were organizational support, head nurse's leadership, support system, and relationship with coworkers, and their total variance was 54.4%. The value of Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ of the final tool was 0.92. Conclusion: The above findings revealed that the Korean Nursing Work Environment Scale (K-NWES) is an appropriate, valid, and reliable tool for evaluating the work environment of Korean nurses. Further research to perform a criterion validity test of the K-NWES is needed.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.305-319
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a measurement tool for a positive nursing organizational culture and to verify its reliability and validity. Methods: A conceptual framework and construct factors were extracted through an extensive literature review and in-depth interviews with nurses. The final version of the preliminary tool for the main survey was confirmed by experts through a content validity test and a preliminary survey of 40 nurses. Subsequently, the final tool was developed using a validity and reliability test containing 43 preliminary items. The final version of the tool was used with 327 hospital nurses in the testing phase for the main survey to assess validity and reliability. Results: From the factor analysis, 4 factors and 26 items were selected. The factors were positive leadership of the nursing unit manager, pursuit of common values, formation of organizational relationships based on trust, and a fair management system. The entire determination coefficient was 67.7%. These factors were verified through convergent, discriminant, and concurrent validity testing. The internal consistency reliability was acceptable (Cronbach's α = .95). Conclusion: Both the validity and reliability of the scale were confirmed demonstrating its utility for measuring positive nursing organizational culture. It is expected to be used for education, research, and practical performance policies regarding the nursing organizational culture.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.1047-1056
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• 2008

If we can evaluate the training results more appropriately and analyze the psychological changes in more objectively, the training can be more efficient and it can help to solve the problems during the training. This research analyzed the similarity and differences of Yangseng Qigong and psychological skill training's components and measurement methods. Also, the research further studied psychological skill training's measurement method. Results : The measurement type of Yangseng Qigong are Sagong, a record of Sagong, Damgong, IIgi, and Sogyeol. Similarly, the measurement type of psychological skills training are questionnaire, interview, personal profile, and observation of a single subject. Despite the similarities between the measurement type of Yangsaeng Qigong and psychological skills training, unfortunately there are differences in the contents. Thus, If we introduce strengths of each method to the other, we may have better measurement methods. The questionnaire method of psychological skills training is the most commonly used method, because it gives concrete, objective, reliable and highly reproducible results. If we refer to the questionnaire development process in psychological skills training, we can have objective and concrete measurement tool for Yangsaeng Qigong training. In the psychological skills training measurement tool development process, there are 5 stages; test conception, test preparation, test execution, question analysis, and test modification. Furthermore, the requirements for the good survey are reliability, validity, practicality, and cultural appropriateness. Through this study, we reached the conclusion that we need to combine two methods together to develop a better method because Yangsaeng Qigong places importance on comprehensive method and realization while psychological skills training places importance on analytical method and objective evaluation. And It seems that a practical study is needed to resolve the concerete problems of Yansaeng Qigong through these concrete cases.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.321-330
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the validity and reliability of the personality measurement tool for nursing college students. Methods: Questionnaires were issued to 300 nursing students, with 275 eventually collected. The items were confirmed by validity experts. Construct validity was tested using exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Reliability analysis was tested using Cronbach's ${\alpha}$. Criterion validity was tested by analyzing correlation with the college adjustment scale. Results: Eight factors were confirmed by exploratory factor analysis. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to confirm the model fit (Root-mean-square residual .03; Root-mean-square error of approximation .06; Comparative fit index .92); and convergent validity and discriminant validity were confirmed. In addition, the criterion validity was confirmed through correlation (r=.64, p<.001) with the college adjustment scale. The reliability of this tool was Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ .94. Conclusion: This tool can be used to measure personality in nursing education and can be used to develop and evaluate personality programs.

• Macromolecular Research
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.314-319
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• 2008

An image analysis processing method for the measurement of nanofiber diameter was developed. For the analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of electrospun fiber were prepared and applied to the individual measurement of the fiber diameter by using the developed and the traditional manual methods. Both methods provided a similar fiber distribution. The fiber average diameters were similar but the variance of the new method was larger than that of the manual method. The average diameters from the two methods exhibited a linear relationship with a high coefficient. The developed method can be used as a practical tool to estimate the fiber diameter of the electro spun web.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.339-349
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was done to develop a measurement for stress experienced by patients with schizophrenia during hospitalization. Methods: The preliminary tool was developed through in-depth interviews and a validity verification test of content. For data collection, 15 inpatients with schizophrenia were selected as participants for in-depth interviews and 195 patients admitted to one of eight psychiatric hospitals in four provinces were recruited as participants to test reliability and validity of the preliminary tool. Results: The questionnaire was developed as a four-point Likert-type scale in a self-report form with 28 items. Factor analysis showed 28 items in six factors. Factors were named 'Unjust human rights infringement', 'Futureless life', 'Alienation from other family members', 'Infringement of basic needs', 'Infringement of personal preference' and 'Inconvenience of shared living'. The six factors explained 63.5% of the total variance. Cronbach's alpha for the total items was .93 and for the factors ranged from .65 to .87. Conclusion: A tool to measure stress in patients hospitalized with schizophrenic was developed based on identified hospitalization stress experiences. Study results indicate that this tool can be used to evaluate hospitalization stress in these patients and will contribute to establishing nursing interventions for relief of hospitalization stress.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.149-156
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• 2016

This paper is concerned with education courses operating practices for basic computer literacy training. In this study, we propose an example for students to effectively measure and evaluate the achievement of defined ability in the performance measurement and analysis, learning objectives and learning outcomes set in operation throughout the course. Through research and development use case presents the tools for teaching method and effective and objective measurement of the related subjects. And based on the results, we propose the possibility of utilizing NCS-based course operation and education certification. In this study, the measurement process is based on the association with the objective of the development and operation, and measurement tools, measuring tools for measuring learning outcomes associated with the curriculum design methods for the measurement and evaluation of the case of the operation of the course units of learning outcomes and the method proposed.