• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.246-252
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• 2011

Background : The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of the Comprehensive Attention Test (CAT) by comparing the results of the continuous performance test (CPT) and the CAT in children and adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Method : A total of 110 children and adolescents with ADHD (mean age : 11.2${\pm}$2.9 years, 76 boys) and 36 children and adolescents without ADHD (mean age : 12.0${\pm}$2.7 years, 25 boys) completed the CAT. We compared the specificity and sensitivity of the CPT and CAT at two different cut-off points via the McNemar test. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) between the two groups were compared using Medcalc software. Results : The sensitivity and specificity of the CPT were .419 and .806, respectively. The sensitivity of the CAT was .827, which was significantly higher than that of the CPT (p<.001), and the specificity of CAT is .444, which was significantly lower than that of CPT (p<.001). The AUC of the CPT and CAT was .664 and .692, respectively, and there were no significant difference between the two groups on the paired comparison (p=.513). Conclusions : The results of this study suggest that the CAT has moderate specificity and high sensitivity. The CAT can be used as a useful tool to evaluate the neuropsychological function of children and adolescents with ADHD.

• Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
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• 2006.09a
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• pp.140-141
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• 2006

Most PM components are exposed to cyclic loading over long periods of time, yet, the fatigue performance is often at best characterized by a fully reversed bending strength. The effects of density, deviating loading modes, external notches or mean stresses must usually be estimated. The amount of available data is nowadays sufficient to come to fact-based estimates.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.1874-1880
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• 2011

In this paper, sensitivity analysis of the pantograph for the high-speed Train was conducted using finite element analysis method. Dynamic interaction of catenary-pantograph model was simulated by using a commercial finite element analysis software, SAMCEF. Pantograph was assumed to be three degree of freedom mass-spring-damper model and the pre-sag of the contact and messenger wire was implemented due to gravity. The span data of the actual high-speed line and specification of pantograph for high-speed train was applied in the analysis model, respectively. The reliability of the simulation model is verified by comparing the contact force results of simulation and test. Through the simulation, mean contact force and its deviation was evaluated and then sensitivity of the pantograph was analyzed.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.307-312
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• 2008

Local damage may cause sequential collapse of structure, which is called progressive collapse. Current progressive collapse analysis is based on the mean value of design variables. This deterministic approach has a low reliability as it doesn't consider uncertainty of variables. In this study the sensitivity of design variables for progressive collapse of structure is evaluated by Monte Calro simulation and Tornado diagram. The analysis results show that the behaviour of model structures is highly sensitive to variation of the yield force of beams and the structural damping ratio.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.190-201
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• 2010

This research proposes a method for designing VSI (Variable Sampling Interval) control charts with supplementary run rules. The basic idea is to apply various run rules and the VSI scheme to a control chart in order to increase the sensitivity. The sampling process of the VSI run rules chart is constructed by Markov chain approach. A procedure for designing the VSI run rules chart is proposed based on Lorenzen and Vance's model. Sensitivity study shows that the VSI run rules charts outperform the FSI (Fixed Sampling Interval) run rules charts for wide range of process mean shifts. A major advantage of the VSI run rules chart over other charts such as CUSUM, EWMA, and adaptive charts is it's simplicity in implementation. Some useful guidelines are proposed based on the sensitivity study.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.20-31
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• 2022

Purpose Broad Quantification Calibration(B.Q.C) is the procedure for Quantitative Analysis to measure Standard Uptake Value(SUV) in SPECT/CT scanner. B.Q.C was performed with Tc-99m, I-123, I-131, Lu-177 respectively and then we acquired the phantom images whether the SUVs were measured accurately. Because there is no standard for SUV test in SPECT, we used ACR Esser PET phantom alternatively. The purpose of this study was to lay the groundwork for Quantitative Analysis with various isotopes in SPECT/CT scanner. Materials and Methods Siemens SPECT/CT Symbia Intevo 16 and Intevo Bold were used for this study. The procedure of B.Q.C has two steps; first is point source Sensitivity Cal. and second is Volume Sensitivity Cal. to calculate Volume Sensitivity Factor(VSF) using cylinder phantom. To verify SUV, we acquired the images with ACR Esser PET phantom and then we measured SUV_mean on background and SUV_max on hot vials(25, 16, 12, 8 mm). SPSS was used to analyze the difference in the SUV between Intevo 16 and Intevo Bold by Mann-Whitney test. Results The results of Sensitivity(CPS/MBq) and VSF were in Detector 1, 2 of four isotopes (Intevo 16 D1 sensitivity/D2 sensitivity/VSF and Intevo Bold) 87.7/88.6/1.08, 91.9/91.2/1.07 on Tc-99m, 79.9/81.9/0.98, 89.4/89.4/0.98 on I-123, 124.8/128.9/0.69, 130.9, 126.8/0.71, on I-131, 8.7/8.9/1.02, 9.1/8.9/1.00 on Lu-177 respectively. The results of SUV test with ACR Esser PET phantom were (Intevo 16 BKG SUV_mean/25mm SUV_max/16mm/12mm/8mm and Intevo Bold) 1.03/2.95/2.41/1.96/1.84, 1.03/2.91/2.38/1.87/1.82 on Tc-99m, 0.97/2.91/2.33/1.68/1.45, 1.00/2.80/2.23/1.57/1.32 on I-123, 0.96/1.61/1.13/1.02/0.69, 0.94/1.54/1.08/0.98/ 0.66 on I-131, 1.00/6.34/4.67/2.96/2.28, 1.01/6.21/4.49/2.86/2.21 on Lu-177. And there was no statistically significant difference of SUV between Intevo 16 and Intevo Bold(p>0.05). Conclusion Only Qualitative Analysis was possible with gamma camera in the past. On the other hand, it's possible to acquire not only anatomic localization, 3D tomography but also Quantitative Analysis with SUV measurements in SPECT/CT scanner. We could lay the groundwork for Quantitative Analysis with various isotopes; Tc-99m, I-123, I-131, Lu-177 by carrying out B.Q.C and could verify the SUV measurement with ACR phantom. It needs periodic calibration to maintain for precision of Quantitative evaluation. As a result, we can provide Quantitative Analysis on follow up scan with the SPECT/CT exams and evaluate the therapeutic response in theranosis.

• Atmosphere
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.287-306
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• 2010

An ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) with Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model is applied for Typhoon Wukong (200610) to investigate the performance of ensemble forecasts depending on experimental configurations of the EnKF. In addition, the ensemble sensitivity analysis is applied to the forecast and analysis ensembles generated in EnKF, to investigate the possibility of using the ensemble sensitivity analysis as the adaptive observation guidance. Various experimental configurations are tested by changing model error, ensemble size, assimilation time window, covariance relaxation, and covariance localization in EnKF. First of all, experiments using different physical parameterization scheme for each ensemble member show less root mean square error compared to those using single physics for all the forecast ensemble members, which implies that considering the model error is beneficial to get better forecasts. A larger number of ensembles are also beneficial than a smaller number of ensembles. For the assimilation time window, the experiment using less frequent window shows better results than that using more frequent window, which is associated with the availability of observational data in this study. Therefore, incorporating model error, larger ensemble size, and less frequent assimilation window into the EnKF is beneficial to get better prediction of Typhoon Wukong (200610). The covariance relaxation and localization are relatively less beneficial to the forecasts compared to those factors mentioned above. The ensemble sensitivity analysis shows that the sensitive regions for adaptive observations can be determined by the sensitivity of the forecast measure of interest to the initial ensembles. In addition, the sensitivities calculated by the ensemble sensitivity analysis can be explained by dynamical relationships established among wind, temperature, and pressure.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.127-130
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• 2004

Analytical sensitivity on TDM test is the lowest concentration that can be distinguished from background noise. The aim of study was to evaluate analytical sensitivity that is also referred to as the lower limit of detection(LLD) about difference between zero calibrator and isotonic saline sample. We tested for 10 days with zero calibrators and 0.85% saline samples while running trilevel control samples under control. Raw data divided by two groups calculated mean and standard deviation from two sample populations and analytical sensitivity by ${\bar{X}}+2SD$. In comparison with isotonic saline samples and zero calibrators, there were significant differences in phenytoin, phenobarbital and vancomycin, etc. Especially analytical sensitivity on phenytoin is at the same level as the upper limit of analytical measurement range with $40{\mu}g/mL$. We think the cause of this is matrix interference. In conclusion, we were sure that standard protocol for analytical sensitivity as lower limit of analytical measurement range on TDM test must be measured with zero standard rather than an isotonic saline sample and type 1 reagent DW for reducing matrix effects within interactions between different materials in a mixture.

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.215-222
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• 2008

Multilocation trials on 36 rice(Oryza sativa) genotypes of 3 different maturity groups were conducted at four different locations of Orissa for 3 years and 30 ragi(Eleusine coracana) genotypes of 2 different maturity groups were evaluated in three environmental conditions for 3 years. Grain yield data were subjected to stability analysis following linear regression model to estimate adaptability and stability parameters, i.e. b, and $S^2d$ Stability of performance of genotypes was also estimated by two other stability parameters viz., ecovalence W and AMMI stability value ASV. The rice and ragi genotypes of different duration groups showed wide variation in their mean yield, b, $S^2d$, W and ASV parameters. Seeds of the 36 rice and 30 ragi genotypes were treated with 500 and 100 ppm aqueous solution of maleic hydrazide(MH) for 24 hours, respectively to study MH-sensitivity. Sensitivity of genotypes to MH treatment was estimated in terms of seedling growth inhibition index(SGI). The rice and ragi genotypes showed wide differences in their MH-sensitivity in terms of SGI. Relationship of MH-sensitivity of genotypes with their yielding ability, adaptability and stability of performance was tested by contingency $x^2$ test. Low sensitivity of rice and ragi genotypes to MH in terms of SGI appeared to be good indicators of high yielding ability of genotypes. Also, low and high MH-sensitivity of genotypes would be a good indicator of better adaptability to rich and poor environments, respectively, in ragi but not in rice. Low MH-sensitivity of genotypes could be the good indicator of stability of yield performance in rice but not in ragi.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.1066-1073
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• 1998

In this paper, we propose a new efficient operator named DBAH (difference between arithmetic mean and harmonic mean) and a technique for extracting sketch features through learning fuzzy inference rules with a neural network. The DBAH operator provide some advantages; sensitivity dependence on local intensities and insensitivity on small rates of intensity change in very dark regions. Also, the proposed fuzzy reasoning technique by a neural network has a good performance in extracting sketch features without human intervention.