Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (대한소아청소년정신의학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Diagnostic Significance of Comprehensive Attention Test in Children and Adolescents with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

주의력결핍 과잉행동장애 아동에서 종합주의력검사의 진단적 유용성

  • Seo, Jong-Man (Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center) ;
  • Lee, Jung-Sun (Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center) ;
  • Kim, Seong-Yoon (Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center) ;
  • Kim, Hyo-Won (Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center)
  • 서종만 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울아산병원 정신과학교실) ;
  • 이중선 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울아산병원 정신과학교실) ;
  • 김성윤 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울아산병원 정신과학교실) ;
  • 김효원 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울아산병원 정신과학교실)
  • Received : 2011.06.28
  • Accepted : 2011.08.18
  • Published : 2011.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Background : The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of the Comprehensive Attention Test (CAT) by comparing the results of the continuous performance test (CPT) and the CAT in children and adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Method : A total of 110 children and adolescents with ADHD (mean age : 11.2${\pm}$2.9 years, 76 boys) and 36 children and adolescents without ADHD (mean age : 12.0${\pm}$2.7 years, 25 boys) completed the CAT. We compared the specificity and sensitivity of the CPT and CAT at two different cut-off points via the McNemar test. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) between the two groups were compared using Medcalc software. Results : The sensitivity and specificity of the CPT were .419 and .806, respectively. The sensitivity of the CAT was .827, which was significantly higher than that of the CPT (p<.001), and the specificity of CAT is .444, which was significantly lower than that of CPT (p<.001). The AUC of the CPT and CAT was .664 and .692, respectively, and there were no significant difference between the two groups on the paired comparison (p=.513). Conclusions : The results of this study suggest that the CAT has moderate specificity and high sensitivity. The CAT can be used as a useful tool to evaluate the neuropsychological function of children and adolescents with ADHD.

Keywords

References

  1. Barkley RA. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a handbook for diagnosis and treatment. 3rd ed. New York: The Guilford Press; 2006.
  2. Nigg JT. Neuropsychologic theory and findings in attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder: the state of the field and salient challenges for the coming decade. Biol Psychiatry 2005;57:1424-1435. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.11.011
  3. Seidman LJ. Neuropsychological functioning in people with ADHD across the lifespan. Clin Psychol Rev 2006;26:466-485. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2006.01.004
  4. Szatmari P, Maziade M, Zwaigenbaum L, Merette C, Roy MA, Joober R, et al. Informative phenotypes for genetic studies of psychiatric disorders. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2007; 144B:581-588. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.b.30426
  5. Kebir O, Tabbane K, Sengupta S, Joober R. Candidate genes and neuropsychological phenotypes in children with ADHD: review of association studies. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2009;34:88-101.
  6. Corkum PV, Siegel LS. Is the continuous performance task a valuable research tool for use with children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder? J Child Psychol Psychiatry 1993;34:1217-1239. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1993.tb01784.x
  7. Shin MS, Park SS. Neuropsychological assessment of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Korean Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1997;8:217-231.
  8. Kronenberger WG, Meyer RG. The child clinician's handbook. Boston: Allyn and Bacon;2001.
  9. Riccio CA, Reynolds CR, Lowe P, Moore JJ. The continuous performance test: a window on the neural substrates for attention? Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2002;17:235-272. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0887-6177(01)00111-1
  10. Conners CK. The Conners continuous performance test. Toronto, Canada: Multi-Health Systems;1994.
  11. Gordon M. Instruction manual for the Gordon diagnostic system. DeWitt, NY: Gordon Diagnostic Systems;1986.
  12. Greenberg LM, Kindschi CL. T.O.V.A.: test of variables of attention. Clinical Guide. Los Alamitos: Universal Attention Disorder; 1996.
  13. Shin MS, Cho SC, Chun SY, Hong KE. A study of the development and standardization of ADHD diagnostic system. J Korean Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2000;11:91-99.
  14. Douglas VI. Attention and cognitive problems. In: Rutter M, editor. Developmental neuropsychiatry. New York: Guilford Press;1983. p.280-329
  15. Barkley RA, Karlsson J, Strzelecki E, Murphy JV. Effects of age and Ritalin dosage on the mother-child interactions of hyperactive children. J Consult Clin Psychol 1984;52:750-758. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.52.5.750
  16. Tallmadge J, Barkley RA. The interactions of hyperactive and normal boys with their fathers and mothers. J Abnorm Child Psychol 1983;11:565-579. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00917085
  17. Yoo HK, Lee JS, Kang SH, Park EH, Jung J, Kim BN, et al. Standardization of the Comprehensive Attention Test for the Korean children and adolescents. J Korean Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2009;20:68-75.
  18. Doyle AE, Biederman J, Seidman LJ, Weber W, Faraone SV. Diagnostic efficiency of neuropsychological test scores for discriminating boys with and without attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder. J Consult Clin Psychol 2000;68:477-488. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.68.3.477
  19. Pineda DA, Puerta IC, Aguirre DC, García-Barrera MA, Kamphaus RW. The role of neuropsychologic tests in the diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Pediatr Neurol 2007;36: 373-381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2007.02.002
  20. Dickerson Mayes S, Calhoun SL, Crowell EW. Clinical validity and interpretation of the Gordon Diagnostic System in ADHD assessments. Child Neuropsychol 2001;7:32-41. https://doi.org/10.1076/chin.7.1.32.3151
  21. Sun WS KY, Lee CW, Uh GS. Developmenta and validation of a screeing questuionaire for detection of adolescent psychiatirc problems in primary care. J Korean Acad Fam Med 2000;21:884-892.
  22. An Y, Yu KY, Bak JY. Practical medical statistics. Seoul: Seoul University Press;1996.
  23. Pliszka SR, Crismon ML, Hughes CW, Corners CK, Emslie GJ, Jensen PS, et al. The texas children's medication algorithm project: revision of the algorithm for pharmacotherapy of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2006;45:642-657. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.chi.0000215326.51175.eb
  24. Frazier TW, Demaree HA, Youngstrom EA. Meta-analysis of intellectual and neuropsychological test performance in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Neuropsychology 2004;18:543-555. https://doi.org/10.1037/0894-4105.18.3.543
  25. Sergeant JA, Geurts H, Oosterlaan J. How specific is a deficit of executive functioning for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder? Behav Brain Res 2002;130:3-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-4328(01)00430-2
  26. Stevens J, Quittner AL, Zuckerman JB, Moore S. Behavioral inhibition, self-regulation of motivation, and working memory in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Dev Neuropsychol 2002;21:117-139. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15326942DN2102_1
  27. Willcutt EG, Doyle AE, Nigg JT, Faraone SV, Pennington BF. Validity of the executive function theory of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a meta-analytic review. Biol Psychiatry 2005;57: 1336-1346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.02.006
  28. Boonstra AM, Oosterlaan J, Sergeant JA, Buitelaar JK. Executive functioning in adult ADHD: a meta-analytic review. Psychol Med 2005;35:1097-1108. https://doi.org/10.1017/S003329170500499X
  29. Lee MJ, Kim GA, Kim SH, Hong CH. Inhibition, planing and working memory in children with attention deficit hyperacitivty disorder. J Korean Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2004;15:82-90.

Cited by

  1. The Guideline of Diagnosis and Treatment of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Developed by ADHD Translational Research Center vol.27, pp.4, 2016, https://doi.org/10.5765/jkacap.2016.27.4.236
  2. The Revised Korean Practice Parameter for the Treatment of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (II) - Diagnosis and Assessment - vol.28, pp.2, 2017, https://doi.org/10.5765/jkacap.2017.28.2.58
  3. Study on the Characteristics of EEG in Resting State on Visuo-Spatial Working Memory Performance vol.17, pp.4, 2016, https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2016.17.4.351
  4. Cross Validation of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder-After School Checklist vol.29, pp.3, 2018, https://doi.org/10.5765/jkacap.170036
  5. Comparing Attention and Cognitive Function in School Children across Noise Conditions: A Quasi-Experimental Study vol.15, pp.6, 2018, https://doi.org/10.30773/pi.2018.01.15
  6. Developmental Trajectories of Attention in Normal Korean Population vol.30, pp.2, 2019, https://doi.org/10.5765/jkacap.180033