• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.25-33
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• 1998

This paper deals with PC-based ship handling simulator, which is now widely utilized not only for total assessment of safety in harbour area but also for training purpose. The suitable mathematical model for low advance speed manoeuvre is treated with the effects of current, wind, wave, tug force and water depth. We adopt 3 dimensional graphic technique for perspective representation of relative ship motion. Some graphical panels on the screen are devised for data input/output or ship manoeuvring information. We show the real time simulation of berthing menoeuvre applied to Pusan harbour as an example.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.395-402
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• 2002

The NORAD type Two Line Element (TLE) was obtained from the osculating orbital elements by an iterative approximation procedure. The mathematical model was presented and computer program was developed for the conversion. The osculating orbital elements of the KOMPSAT-1 were converted into the NORAD TLE. Then the effect of the SGP4 atmospheric drag coefficient ($B^*$) was analyzed by comparison of the orbit propagation results with different $B^*$ values.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.481-494
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• 2015

Groundwater level hydrographs from observation wells in Jeju island clearly illustrate distinctive features of recharge showing the time-delaying and dispersive process, mainly affected by the thickness and hydrogeologic properties of the unsaturated zone. Most groundwater flow models have limitations on delineating temporal variation of recharge, although it is a major component of the groundwater flow system. Recently, a convolution model was suggested as a mathematical technique to generate time series of recharge that incorporated the time-delaying and dispersive process. A groundwater flow model was developed to simulate transient groundwater level fluctuations in Pyoseon area of Jeju island. The model used the convolution technique to simulate temporal variations of groundwater levels. By making a series of trial-and-error adjustments, transient model calibration was conducted for various input parameters of both the groundwater flow model and the convolution model. The calibrated model could simulate water level fluctuations closely coinciding with measurements from 8 observation wells in the model area. Consequently, it is expected that, in transient groundwater flow models, the convolution technique can be effectively used to generate a time series of recharge.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.379-386
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• 2002

In this study, estimation model for iron compound originated from upflow, anaerobic fixed bed reactor, which treats sewage domestic wastewater, was developed. The estimation model was formulated by a mathematical expression which was based on the mass balance. Below the HRT of 60 minute, sulfide concentration combining with iron $FeS_2$ is the highest because the maximum sulfate consumption rate $V_{maxS}$ and half-saturation constant of sulfate $K_{mS}$ exert an important effect on the estimation model as temperature was increased. But increment of $FeS_2$ concentration is weakened above the HRT of 60 minutes and represent the lowest value at the HRT of 108 minutes. It implies that liquid phase distribution ratio of sulfide ${\alpha}r$ becomes lower as temperature was increased. While phosphorus concentration combining with iron $Fe_3(PO_4)_3$ is increased as HRT and temperature are increased, which is affected by phosphorus removal rate constant $k_p$. As the result of estimating the iron concentrations of corrosion by the model, the concentration of iron corrosion is higher than any other at the HRT of 108 minute and $20^{\circ}C$. The predicted values were compared with measured ones at different HRT(13.5, 27, 54, 108 min) and temperature(20, 25, $30^{\circ}C$). The experimental data could be fitted with the simulated curves. Therefore, the mathematical expression could be applicable to design full-scale wastewater treatment plants.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.40 no.12
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• pp.1055-1062
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• 2012

In this paper, the mathematical models and control algorithm of a thrust control valve were described as a precedent study on the design of thrust control algorithm for a liquid rocket engine (LRE). Numerical simulations were performed using a simplified simulation system of an LRE and the developed mathematical models were validated by comparison with the experimental results. Through these research, basic data were acquired for the development of a thrust control algorithm for a LRE.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.21 no.B
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• pp.125-132
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• 2001

Heat dissipation technology using flow resonant phenomenon is a kind of new concept in heat transfer area. A vibration exciter is needed to generate air turbulence which has the natural shedding frequency of heat system. A mechanical vibrating device for the air flow oscillation is introduced, which is driven by a moving coil actuator. An analytical dynamic model for this mechanical vibration exciter is presented and its' validity is verified by the comparison with experimental data. Values of some unknown system parameters in the analytic model are estimated through the system identification approach. Based on this mathematical model, the vibration exciter using strain displacement estimator is developed. And in the experiment, the feedback control is used. During the experimental verification phase, it turns out the high modal resonant characteristics of vibrating plate are the major barrier against obtaining a high bandwidth vibration exciter.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.10 no.8
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• pp.3689-3700
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• 2016

It is not practically feasible to apply hardware-based fault-tolerant schemes, such as hardware replication, in mobile devices. Therefore, software-based fault-tolerance techniques, such as checkpoint and rollback schemes, are required. In checkpoint and rollback schemes, the optimal checkpoint interval should be applied to obtain the best performance. Most previous studies focused on minimizing the expected execution time or response time for completing a given task. Currently, most mobile applications run in real-time environments. Therefore, it is extremely essential for mobile devices to employ optimal checkpoint intervals as determined by the real-time constraints of tasks. In this study, we tackle the problem of determining the optimal inter-checkpoint interval of checkpoint and rollback schemes to maximize the deadline meet ratio in real-time systems and to build a probabilistic cost model. From this cost model, we can numerically find the optimal checkpoint interval using mathematical tools. The performance of the proposed solution is evaluated using analytical estimates.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.1026-1035
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• 1987

The injection molding process is used in the fabrication of a large variety of plastic articles. A numerical simulation of the filling stage along the thickness direction is proposed by combining the free surface boundary condition with the relevant governing equations. The mathematical model is based on the equations of continuity, momentum and energy along with inelastic power-law model and relevant boundary conditions. Due to the significant implications for microstructure development in the pro duct, the fountain effect at the advancing free surface is explicitly taken into consideration in the simulation. The model yields data on free surface shape as well as velocity, pressure, temperature and shear stress distributions within the mold cavity. The rearrangement of the velocity and temperature profiles in the vicinity of the melt front is considered in detail.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.445-452
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• 1999

This study was conducted to develop a searching algorithm for optimal daily temperature setpoint greenhouse. An algorithm using crop growth and energy models was developed to determine optimum crop growth environment. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Mathematical models for crop growth and energy consumption were derived to define optimal daily temperature setpoint. 2. Optimum temperature setpoint, which could maximize performance criterion, was determined by using Pontryagin maximum principle. 3. Dynamic control of daily temperature using the developed algorithm showed higher performance criterion than static control with fixed temperature setpoint. Performance criteria for dynamic control models were with simulated periodic weather data and with real weather data, increased by 48% and 60%, respectively.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.12-22
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• 1998

An expert drawbead model is developed for the finite element analysis of stamping processes. The expert model calculates drawbead restraining forces and bead-exit thinnings with the forming condi-tions and drawbead size. The drawbead restraining forces and bead-exit thinnings of a circular draw-bead and stepped drawbead are computed by mathematical models and corrected by the multiple lin-ear regression method based on experimental measurements. The squared drawbead preventing the sheet from drawing-in inside die cavity is assumed to have a very huge drawbead restraining force and no pre-strain just after drawbead. The combined beads are considered as a combination of basic draw-beads such as circular a drawbead stepped drawbead and squared drawbead so that the drawbead restraining forces and bead-exit thinnigs are basically sum of those of basic drawbeads.